Abstract: To understand the landscape pattern characteristics of Baili Azalea Nature Reserve, we set up sample points to mark plant communities and land use status. The satellite remote sensing image with a resolution of 1.1 m×1.1 m was used as the data source. The ArcGIS platform visually interpreted the reserve into 37 landscape types and Fragstats was used to analyze the landscape index. The results show that: (1) the landscape diversity index and evenness index of the reserve is 2.13 and 0.59, respectively, the diversity was high, the uniformity was low, and the degree of control was limited by a few landscape elements; (2) Form. Betula luminifera, Form. Carpinus pubescens and Form. Rhododendron delavayi 3 planting landscapes and cultivated land are the main landscape types, the contribution rate of the landscape is large, and the percentage of the area is nearly 80%; (3) the largest patch index of Form. Rhododendron delavayi and the average patch area of Form. Rhododendron irroratum are both the largest in the whole area, and the dominant landscape featured prominently; at the same time, the standard deviation of the patch area of Form. Rhododendron delavayi is as high as 30.08, the patch area fluctuates greatly and has certain instability; (4) the landscape shape index of the reserve is 51.56, the index of separation is 208.90, the geometry of the cape is complex and irregular, the shape of the edge is crooked, the degree of landscape separation is high, and the degree of fragmentation is large; (5) the most fragmented landscape types are Form. Phyllostachys sulphurea‘Viridis’ and Form. Dipentodon sinicus. Form. Rhododendron delavayi and Form. Rhododendron irroratum have concentrated distribution, and the degree of fragmentation is low, which is easy to manage and protect.