Abstract: The paper aims to quantitative assessment of climatic and ecological adaptability of Chinese prickly ash production in Fengxian county. The assessement index system of climatic impact for Chinese prickly ash production was constructed from the aspects of climatic impact conditions and main climate disasters. Based on the assessement index system, climate conditions and disasters of Chinese prickly ash production in Fengxian county of Shaanxi Province was analyzed with daily temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours history data from 1961 to 2018. The results show that from 1961 to 2018, the annual temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours of all yeas in Fengxian county are in the suitable range for Chinese prickly ash cultivation, especially with 89.7% years of annual temperature, 87.9% years of annual sunshine hours and 77.6% years of annual precipitation are in the optimum range. All the years with accumulated temperature above 0℃ during growing season and from flowering to fruit coloring period, average temperature during fruit enlargement growth period, average daily temperature difference during fruit cloring period in Fengxian county are in the suitable range, and all the years with accumulated temperature above 0℃ from flowering to fruit coloring period and average daily temperature difference during fruit coloring period are in the optimum range. Mean temperature during fruit coloring period and precipitation from flowering to fruit enlargement are in the optimum range for more than 75% of the years, of which more than 65% are in the optimum range. Compared with other climate conditions, the relative humidity from fruit enlargement growth to coloring stage are relatively poor, with 65.5% and 24.1% years in suitable and optimum range respectively. Generally speaking, the climate conditions in Fengxian county during the growing season of Chinese prickly ash are suitable, which is conducive to the improvement of yield and quality of Chinese prickly ash. The main climate disasters for production of Chinese prickly ash in Fengxian county include drought, freezing damage at low temperature and continuous rain. But these disasters have a mitigating trend from 1961 to 2018.