Effects of Planting Methods on Lodging Resistance of Rice in Cold Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0621

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different planting methods on the lodging resistance of rice in cold area, the lodging resistance characteristics of two rice varieties, ‘Longjing 21’ and ‘Longdao 18’, were studied under water direct seeding method, dry direct seeding method, and transplanting method. The planting methods influenced the lodging resistance characteristics of rice significantly in the cold region, but the performances of the two varieties were inconsistent. The lodging index of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longjing 21’ was transplanting > water direct seeding > dry direct seeding. The single stem thrust resistance of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longjing 21’ was dry direct seeding > transplanting > water direct seeding. The lodging index of N1, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longdao 18’ was transplanting > dry direct seeding > water direct seeding, whereas the lodging index of N2 internode was dry direct seeding > transplanting > water direct seeding. The single stem thrust resistance of N1, N2, N3, and N4 internodes of ‘Longdao 18’ was water direct seeding > transplanting > dry direct seeding. Correlation analysis revealed that the plant height, the gravity center height, and the length of N1 and N2 internodes should be reduced appropriately to increase rice lodging resistance in cold areas. The large panicle population structure should not be selected. These results suggested that the selection of suitable varieties combined with the establishing of numerous and small panicle population structure could lead to higher yield and better lodging resistance of direct seeding rice in cold area.

Key words: cold area, rice, planting method, lodging index, single stem thrust resistance

ZHANG Xijuan, WANG Wenlong, MENG Ying, TANG Ao, DONG Wenjun, LIU Youhong, XU Yingzhe, WAN Lizhi, JIANG Shukun, YANG Xianli, LIU Kai, JIANG Hui, REN Yang, LAI Yongcai. Effects of Planting Methods on Lodging Resistance of Rice in Cold Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(3): 16-25.

Figures/Tables 10

References 18

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品种	种植方式	茎粗/mm					茎秆扁平率/%					茎壁厚度/mm
品种	种植方式	N1	N2		N3	N4	N1		N2	N3	N4	N1	N2	N3	N4
龙粳21	水直播	4.45a	3.26ab		3.97a	1.82ab	17.57a		14.35ab	11.91ab	8.12a	0.81a	0.64a	0.56a	0.42a
	旱直播	3.93b	2.88b		3.37b	1.63b	16.11ab		16.34a	15.47a	8.78a	0.74a	0.61a	0.51a	0.38a
	插秧	4.56a	3.86a		3.69a	1.85a	12.94b		10.83b	8.52b	8.00a	0.84a	0.62a	0.52a	0.44a
龙稻18	水直播	5.53a	3.66a		4.52a	1.81a	16.81a		12.74a	12.26a	10.12a	0.84a	0.65ab	0.51a	0.45a
	旱直播	4.96b	3.46a		4.16a	1.71ab	14.42a		12.09a	11.51a	6.60b	0.85a	0.64b	0.51a	0.47a
	插秧	5.70a	4.31a		4.62a	1.98b	15.16a		11.41a	8.81b	6.87b	0.90a	0.69a	0.53a	0.49a
平均	水直播	5.00	3.46		4.25	1.82	17.19		13.55	12.09	9.12	0.83	0.64	0.53	0.44
	旱直播	4.44	3.17		3.77	1.67	15.26		14.22	13.49	7.69	0.79	0.62	0.51	0.42
	插秧	5.13	4.09		4.15	1.92	14.05		11.12	8.66	7.43	0.87	0.65	0.52	0.47
品种	种植方式			茎秆空腔面积/mm²								茎壁面积/mm²
品种	种植方式			N1		N2		N3		N4		N1	N2	N3	N4
龙粳21	水直播			10.34a		8.67a		5.73b		1.54a		5.15a	3.67a	2.12ab	1.08a
	旱直播			7.93b		6.00b		4.42c		1.23b		4.12b	2.91a	1.64b	0.85a
	插秧			10.86a		9.38a		6.98a		1.61a		5.49a	3.63a	2.20a	1.14a
龙稻18	水直播			17.20a		11.91b		7.84b		1.46ab		6.80ab	4.32b	2.09b	1.12a
	旱直播			13.30b		9.84c		6.88b		1.24b		6.06b	3.88b	2.06b	1.10a
	插秧			18.11a		14.44a		9.35a		1.75a		7.43a	4.99a	2.54a	1.34a
平均	水直播			13.77		10.29		6.78		1.50		5.98	4.00	2.11	1.10
	旱直播			10.62		7.92		5.65		1.23		5.09	3.39	1.85	0.97
	插秧			14.49		11.91		8.16		1.68		6.46	4.31	2.37	1.24

品种	种植方式	茎粗/mm					茎秆扁平率/%					茎壁厚度/mm
品种	种植方式	N1	N2		N3	N4	N1		N2	N3	N4	N1	N2	N3	N4
龙粳21	水直播	4.45a	3.26ab		3.97a	1.82ab	17.57a		14.35ab	11.91ab	8.12a	0.81a	0.64a	0.56a	0.42a
	旱直播	3.93b	2.88b		3.37b	1.63b	16.11ab		16.34a	15.47a	8.78a	0.74a	0.61a	0.51a	0.38a
	插秧	4.56a	3.86a		3.69a	1.85a	12.94b		10.83b	8.52b	8.00a	0.84a	0.62a	0.52a	0.44a
龙稻18	水直播	5.53a	3.66a		4.52a	1.81a	16.81a		12.74a	12.26a	10.12a	0.84a	0.65ab	0.51a	0.45a
	旱直播	4.96b	3.46a		4.16a	1.71ab	14.42a		12.09a	11.51a	6.60b	0.85a	0.64b	0.51a	0.47a
	插秧	5.70a	4.31a		4.62a	1.98b	15.16a		11.41a	8.81b	6.87b	0.90a	0.69a	0.53a	0.49a
平均	水直播	5.00	3.46		4.25	1.82	17.19		13.55	12.09	9.12	0.83	0.64	0.53	0.44
	旱直播	4.44	3.17		3.77	1.67	15.26		14.22	13.49	7.69	0.79	0.62	0.51	0.42
	插秧	5.13	4.09		4.15	1.92	14.05		11.12	8.66	7.43	0.87	0.65	0.52	0.47
品种	种植方式			茎秆空腔面积/mm²								茎壁面积/mm²
品种	种植方式			N1		N2		N3		N4		N1	N2	N3	N4
龙粳21	水直播			10.34a		8.67a		5.73b		1.54a		5.15a	3.67a	2.12ab	1.08a
	旱直播			7.93b		6.00b		4.42c		1.23b		4.12b	2.91a	1.64b	0.85a
	插秧			10.86a		9.38a		6.98a		1.61a		5.49a	3.63a	2.20a	1.14a
龙稻18	水直播			17.20a		11.91b		7.84b		1.46ab		6.80ab	4.32b	2.09b	1.12a
	旱直播			13.30b		9.84c		6.88b		1.24b		6.06b	3.88b	2.06b	1.10a
	插秧			18.11a		14.44a		9.35a		1.75a		7.43a	4.99a	2.54a	1.34a
平均	水直播			13.77		10.29		6.78		1.50		5.98	4.00	2.11	1.10
	旱直播			10.62		7.92		5.65		1.23		5.09	3.39	1.85	0.97
	插秧			14.49		11.91		8.16		1.68		6.46	4.31	2.37	1.24

品种	种植方式		抗折力							弯曲力矩
品种	种植方式		N 1	N 2		N 3		N 4		N 1	N 2		N 3		N 4
龙粳21	水直播		785.50a	633.97a		447.00a		245.00a		1130.17a	862.97a		535.81a		271.22a
	旱直播		627.17a	550.17a		426.50ab		213.167a		869.73b	672.13b		416.23a		216.93b
	插秧		618.5a	561.19a		361.86b		219.33a		1038.54ab	812.36ab		508.70a		267.53a
龙稻18	水直播		906.00a	749.83a		460.00a		270.00a		1199.77a	931.86a		646.28a		329.60a
	旱直播		662.99b	562.94b		389.31a		211.04a		1126.02a	894.39a		602.04a		317.52a
	插秧		767.23b	642.07ab		401.70a		240.07a		1269.70a	1002.78a		675.28a		364.11a
平均	水直播		845.75	691.90		453.50		257.50		1164.97	897.42		591.04		300.41
	旱直播		645.08	556.55		407.90		212.10		997.87	783.26		509.13		267.23
	插秧		692.87	601.63		381.78		229.70		1154.12	907.57		591.99		315.82
品种		种植方式			倒伏指数									单茎抗推力/ （kPa/茎）
品种		种植方式			N 1		N 2		N 3			N 4		单茎抗推力/ （kPa/茎）
龙粳21		水直播			145.06b		137.19a		120.53ab			112.64b		3.99b
		旱直播			141.17b		123.82a		98.38b			102.24c		4.48a
		插秧			170.39a		146.57a		142.42a			123.55a		4.20ab
龙稻18		水直播			136.81a		127.94b		144.36a			126.29a		4.77a
		旱直播			173.77a		163.83a		155.93a			151.23a		4.06b
		插秧			169.21a		159.30a		170.89a			163.82a		4.47ab
平均		水直播			140.93		132.56		132.45			119.47		4.38
		旱直播			157.47		143.83		127.16			126.73		4.27
		插秧			169.80		152.94		156.65			143.69		4.34

品种	种植方式		抗折力							弯曲力矩
品种	种植方式		N 1	N 2		N 3		N 4		N 1	N 2		N 3		N 4
龙粳21	水直播		785.50a	633.97a		447.00a		245.00a		1130.17a	862.97a		535.81a		271.22a
	旱直播		627.17a	550.17a		426.50ab		213.167a		869.73b	672.13b		416.23a		216.93b
	插秧		618.5a	561.19a		361.86b		219.33a		1038.54ab	812.36ab		508.70a		267.53a
龙稻18	水直播		906.00a	749.83a		460.00a		270.00a		1199.77a	931.86a		646.28a		329.60a
	旱直播		662.99b	562.94b		389.31a		211.04a		1126.02a	894.39a		602.04a		317.52a
	插秧		767.23b	642.07ab		401.70a		240.07a		1269.70a	1002.78a		675.28a		364.11a
平均	水直播		845.75	691.90		453.50		257.50		1164.97	897.42		591.04		300.41
	旱直播		645.08	556.55		407.90		212.10		997.87	783.26		509.13		267.23
	插秧		692.87	601.63		381.78		229.70		1154.12	907.57		591.99		315.82
品种		种植方式			倒伏指数									单茎抗推力/ （kPa/茎）
品种		种植方式			N 1		N 2		N 3			N 4		单茎抗推力/ （kPa/茎）
龙粳21		水直播			145.06b		137.19a		120.53ab			112.64b		3.99b
		旱直播			141.17b		123.82a		98.38b			102.24c		4.48a
		插秧			170.39a		146.57a		142.42a			123.55a		4.20ab
龙稻18		水直播			136.81a		127.94b		144.36a			126.29a		4.77a
		旱直播			173.77a		163.83a		155.93a			151.23a		4.06b
		插秧			169.21a		159.30a		170.89a			163.82a		4.47ab
平均		水直播			140.93		132.56		132.45			119.47		4.38
		旱直播			157.47		143.83		127.16			126.73		4.27
		插秧			169.80		152.94		156.65			143.69		4.34

变量		株高	重心高度	穗重	穗长	节间长度	茎秆粗	茎秆扁平率	茎壁厚度	茎秆空腔面积	茎壁面积
抗折力	N1	0.5333^*	0.2475	0.4806^*	0.5171^*	-0.0988	0.6299^**	0.4148	0.2874	0.6440^**	0.5609^*
	N2	0.4906^*	0.1884	0.4929^*	0.5224^*	-0.4339	0.3300	-0.0669	0.4464	0.5805^*	0.5945^**
	N3	0.0275	-0.1384	0.0464	0.0763	0.1039	0.2106	0.3985	0.4798^*	-0.0575	0.0272
	N4	0.4730^*	0.2726	0.5467^*	0.3563	0.3713	0.5248^*	0.2629	0.1729	0.5504^*	0.3544
弯曲力矩	N1	0.9047^**	0.7073^**	0.8797^**	0.7036^**	-0.1250	0.8285^**	0.0016	0.5623^*	0.8132^**	0.7957^**
	N2	0.9420^**	0.7464^**	0.8321^**	0.7885^**	-0.3389	0.7242^**	-0.4350	0.6080^**	0.8913^**	0.8828^**
	N3	0.9590^**	0.6477^**	0.7544^**	0.8743^**	0.7559^**	0.8148^**	-0.4282	0.2163	0.8916^**	0.7612^**
	N4	0.9421^**	0.6334^**	0.7527^**	0.8733^**	0.9023^**	0.6278^**	-0.2497	0.7202^**	0.4967^*	0.7402^**
倒伏指数	N1	0.4350	0.4901^*	0.4203	0.2224	-0.0802	0.2478	-0.4976^*	0.3464	0.2085	0.2940
	N2	0.6169^**	0.6238^**	0.4057	0.4395	-0.0467	0.4890^*	-0.5574^*	0.2157	0.4577	0.4215
	N3	0.8179^**	0.6431^**	0.6295^**	0.7251^**	0.6006^**	0.5739^*	-0.5842^*	-0.0847	0.8059^**	0.6391^**
	N4	0.7851^**	0.5877^*	0.5129^*	0.7686^**	0.8118^**	0.3995	-0.4904^*	0.6493^**	0.2668	0.5905^**