Genetic Analysis of Leaf Margin and Involucre Color in Female Sterile Hybrid Population of Coix lacryma-jobi

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0140

Abstract

Abstract:

To further enrich the genetic theory of the color traits in Coix lacryma-jobi, and provide theoretical guidance for its genetic improvement and practical application of color marker traits, this study investigated the genetic laws of leaf margin color and involucre color across distinct genetic backgrounds. Genetic populations were generated by crossing the female sterile plant ‘FS2106’ as the male parent with two normal female fertile materials ‘2130’ and ‘CL63’ as the female parents, then the segregation performance of leaf margin colors and involucre colors in F₁ and F₂ generations were counted and analyzed to study their genetic laws by using chi-square tests, while exploring the genetic relationships among various traits and potential trait correlations. The results showed that the phenotype of purple leaf margin color was dominant to green leaf margin color, and the black involucre was dominant to white involucre color in C. lacryma-jobi; in the F₂ population derived from the cross between female parent ‘2130’ and male parent ‘FS2106’, the segregation ratio of purple to green leaf margin color accorded with 3:1, indicating that purple leaf margin color was controlled by one allele, showing a dominant inheritance; while in the F₂ population derived from the female parent ‘CL63’, the segregation ratio of purple to green leaf margin color accorded with 9:7, indicating that purple leaf margin color was controlled by two complementary dominant genes, and there was a complementary effect between these two pairs of genes. It indicated that leaf margin color showed discrepant hereditary modes in different genetic backgrounds of parental materials. In addition, the segregation ratio of black to white involucre color was deviated from the Mendelian inheritance more or less, it might be caused by the introgression of the female sterile gene from special material ‘FS2106’. Leaf margin color and involucre color were inherited independently of one another and exhibited no genetic interference or pleiotropic effects; the female sterile gene had no genetic association with the gene controlling the leaf margin color, while the presence of female sterile gene significantly suppressed the gene expression of involucre-related traits. This study reveals the genetic inheritance mode of the leaf margin color in C. lacryma-jobi for the first time, elucidates the genetic differences in involucre color arising from distinct genetic materials, furthermore, it briefly explores the genetic relationships and correlations among various traits, these findings can provide valuable references for enriching the genetic theory of the color traits in C. lacryma-jobi.

Key words: Coix lacryma-jobi, leaf margin color, involucre color, genetic population, genetic analysis, segregation of trait, female sterile, genetic relationship

LU Xiujuan, LI Xiangdong, WEI Xinyuan, ZENG Tao, PAN Hong, SHI Ming. Genetic Analysis of Leaf Margin and Involucre Color in Female Sterile Hybrid Population of Coix lacryma-jobi[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(20): 41-46.

Figures/Tables 6

References 23

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名称	来源	植物学分类	叶缘颜色	总苞颜色	总苞质地	雌性育性
FS2106	中国湖南	薏苡C. lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi	紫色	—	—	不育
2130	中国江苏	薏米变种C. chinensis var. chinensis	绿色	白色	甲壳质	可育
CL63	中国山东	薏米变种C. chinensis var. chinensis	绿色	黑色	甲壳质	可育

名称	来源	植物学分类	叶缘颜色	总苞颜色	总苞质地	雌性育性
FS2106	中国湖南	薏苡C. lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi	紫色	—	—	不育
2130	中国江苏	薏米变种C. chinensis var. chinensis	绿色	白色	甲壳质	可育
CL63	中国山东	薏米变种C. chinensis var. chinensis	绿色	黑色	甲壳质	可育

群体	组合	叶缘颜色	总苞颜色	总苞质地	雌性育性
F₁	♀2130×FS2106♂	紫色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	可育
F₁	♀CL63×FS2106♂	紫色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	可育
F₂	♀2130×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	紫色、绿色	黑色、白色	珐琅质、甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀2130×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	紫色、绿色	黑色、白色	甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀CL63×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	紫色、绿色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀CL63×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	紫色、绿色	黑色	甲壳质	不育、可育

群体	组合	叶缘颜色	总苞颜色	总苞质地	雌性育性
F₁	♀2130×FS2106♂	紫色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	可育
F₁	♀CL63×FS2106♂	紫色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	可育
F₂	♀2130×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	紫色、绿色	黑色、白色	珐琅质、甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀2130×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	紫色、绿色	黑色、白色	甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀CL63×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	紫色、绿色	黑色	珐琅质、甲壳质	不育、可育
	♀CL63×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	紫色、绿色	黑色	甲壳质	不育、可育

组合	紫色株数	绿色株数	总株数	F₂分离比	理论分离比	χ²
♀2130×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	105	38	143	2.763	3:1	0.114
♀2130×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	372	140	512	2.657	3:1	1.377
♀CL63×FS2106♂（珐琅质）	200	127	327	1.574	9:7	3.009
♀CL63×FS2106♂（甲壳质）	118	96	214	1.229	9:7	0.066