Powdery Mildew Resistance Evaluation and Resistance Gene Analysis of Sichuan Wheat Varieties (Lines)

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0529

Abstract

Abstract:

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive fungal disease that significantly reduces wheat yield and grain quality worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate powdery mildew resistance in Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) and characterize their resistance genes, which will provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for disease-resistant wheat breeding. A total of 168 Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) were screened for seedling powdery mildew resistance under artificial climate chamber, which were inoculated with Bgt isolate E09, and the resistance gene was analyzed by molecular marker detection and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The result showed that 35 wheat materials (20.8%) were resistant. Molecular marker analysis showed that 34 materials carries the Pm21 gene, and ‘Shumai 2352’ carries Pm56. GISH analysis further confirmed that wheat cultivar ‘Mianmai 367’ carries a whole-arm chromosomal translocation of V chromosome (6VS·6AL) harboring Pm21, and ‘Shumai 2352’ possesses a whole-arm translocation of R chromosome (6RS·6AL) containing Pm56. The study highlights the limited genetic diversity of powdery mildew resistance in Sichuan wheat germplasm which are mainly relying on the Pm21 resistance gene, and emphasizes the urgent need to diversify resistance sources by introducing more Pm genes to broaden the genetic basis of disease resistance sources.

Key words: wheat, powdery mildew, disease resistance gene, wheat breeding, molecular marker, resistance identification, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)

YANG Jingyuan, GAO Jing, SHENG Wenting, WANG Fei, DU Yuting, HUANG Shiyu, MUHAMMAD Saqlain, MUHAMMAD Hammad Latif, ZHU Wei, ZHOU Yonghong, WU Dandan, HAO Ming, KANG Houyang, LI Yinghui. Powdery Mildew Resistance Evaluation and Resistance Gene Analysis of Sichuan Wheat Varieties (Lines)[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(21): 58-63.

Figures/Tables 5

References 24

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反应型	抗性评价	症状
0	免疫	叶片无病斑，无过敏性坏死反应
0;	过敏性坏死	叶片出现过敏性坏死反应
1	高抗	病斑很少，直径≤1 mm，菌丝层薄，透过菌丝层可见绿色叶面，偶见较大病斑，但产孢量较少
2	中抗	病斑少，直径≤1 mm，菌丝层较厚，不透绿，能产生一定量的孢子
3	中感	病斑多，直径≥1 mm，菌丝层较厚，产孢量大，但病斑不会连成片
4	高感	病斑多，直径≥1 mm，菌丝层厚，产孢量大，病斑连成片

反应型	抗性评价	症状
0	免疫	叶片无病斑，无过敏性坏死反应
0;	过敏性坏死	叶片出现过敏性坏死反应
1	高抗	病斑很少，直径≤1 mm，菌丝层薄，透过菌丝层可见绿色叶面，偶见较大病斑，但产孢量较少
2	中抗	病斑少，直径≤1 mm，菌丝层较厚，不透绿，能产生一定量的孢子
3	中感	病斑多，直径≥1 mm，菌丝层较厚，产孢量大，但病斑不会连成片
4	高感	病斑多，直径≥1 mm，菌丝层厚，产孢量大，病斑连成片

序号	品种	系谱	Pm21基因	Pm56基因	Pm8基因	Pm38基因
1	川麦87	-	+
2	川麦817	Chapio/川麦104	+			+
3	蜀麦1671	HZ10-28/K10-951	+
4	蜀麦1821	-	+
5	蜀麦1862	绵阳2000-30/凡23029-9	+
6	蜀麦2114	川双麦1号/20828	+			+
7	蜀麦2134	-	+
8	蜀麦2229	Syn-SAU-69/R248//KD286///川育24	+
9	蜀麦2319	蜀麦375/普冰04-3504//B1291	+
10	蜀麦2352	蜀麦969/6RS6AL//蜀麦830///17-WJL3931		+
11	蜀麦2363	-	+
12	绵麦221	014-997/川辐8号	+
13	绵麦302	天水08-3/MY37//MY37	+
14	绵麦319	-	+
15	绵麦367	绵麦37/川麦43	+
16	绵麦835	-	+
17	绵麦839	(11M6/XK0253-1)F1//SH1103	+
18	绵麦857	(11M6/XK0253-1)F1//SW5085	+
19	绵麦902	绵麦37、MY1848、绵麦367	+
20	绵麦905	PANDAS/绵麦37	+		+
21	绵麦906	-	+
22	绵麦915	南30-2/SYN769//绵麦37/3/绵麦112	+
23	绵麦920	13C38/MY11-36	+
24	绵麦1419	-	+
25	绵麦1501	贵农006/MY1848	+
26	绵麦5695	-	+		+
27	川农32	川农27/80978	+
28	川农61	川农27/绵麦37//川麦62	+
29	西科麦11	贵农06/J20	+
30	西科麦497	-	+
31	西科麦618	西科麦8号/LB12087	+
32	南紫麦2201	南黑麦2号/内麦101	+
33	科成麦3号	-	+			+
34	N007	-	+
35	N013	-	+

序号	品种	系谱	Pm21基因	Pm56基因	Pm8基因	Pm38基因
1	川麦87	-	+
2	川麦817	Chapio/川麦104	+			+
3	蜀麦1671	HZ10-28/K10-951	+
4	蜀麦1821	-	+
5	蜀麦1862	绵阳2000-30/凡23029-9	+
6	蜀麦2114	川双麦1号/20828	+			+
7	蜀麦2134	-	+
8	蜀麦2229	Syn-SAU-69/R248//KD286///川育24	+
9	蜀麦2319	蜀麦375/普冰04-3504//B1291	+
10	蜀麦2352	蜀麦969/6RS6AL//蜀麦830///17-WJL3931		+
11	蜀麦2363	-	+
12	绵麦221	014-997/川辐8号	+
13	绵麦302	天水08-3/MY37//MY37	+
14	绵麦319	-	+
15	绵麦367	绵麦37/川麦43	+
16	绵麦835	-	+
17	绵麦839	(11M6/XK0253-1)F1//SH1103	+
18	绵麦857	(11M6/XK0253-1)F1//SW5085	+
19	绵麦902	绵麦37、MY1848、绵麦367	+
20	绵麦905	PANDAS/绵麦37	+		+
21	绵麦906	-	+
22	绵麦915	南30-2/SYN769//绵麦37/3/绵麦112	+
23	绵麦920	13C38/MY11-36	+
24	绵麦1419	-	+
25	绵麦1501	贵农006/MY1848	+
26	绵麦5695	-	+		+
27	川农32	川农27/80978	+
28	川农61	川农27/绵麦37//川麦62	+
29	西科麦11	贵农06/J20	+
30	西科麦497	-	+
31	西科麦618	西科麦8号/LB12087	+
32	南紫麦2201	南黑麦2号/内麦101	+
33	科成麦3号	-	+			+
34	N007	-	+
35	N013	-	+