Research Progress on Application of Biochar in Peanut Cultivation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0629

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the issues of soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, fertilizer reduction, carbon sequestration and emission reduction in the main peanut producing areas in China, the paper aims to systematically sort out the application effect and mechanism of biochar in the high-quality and efficient production of peanuts, and promote the utilization of straw resources and the improvement of cultivated land quality. It first summarized the types of biochar raw materials, application dosages, and application methods adopted in peanut cultivation. Then, it explored the impacts of biochar on peanut growth and quality, soil physicochemical properties, soil microorganisms, and the mitigation of soil pollution in peanut fields. Additionally, the article analyzed the role of biochar in soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction within peanut cropping systems. The results showed that biochar with suitable raw materials and dosage could promote peanut emergence and root growth, improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase pod yield, and improve quality indicators such as oleic acid. It could effectively improve acidified soil, enhance the effectiveness of organic matter and nutrients, optimize microbial community structure, and reduce the effectiveness of heavy metals such as cadmium. At the same time, it significantly reduced N₂O and CH₄ emissions, enhanced soil carbon sequestration capacity, and achieved synergy between yield increase and emission reduction. However, there are still some shortcomings in the current research, such as short test period, unclear long-term effects and mechanisms, and insufficient specialization and regionalization. In summary, biochar is an efficient improvement material for green quality improvement, carbon sequestration and emission reduction in peanut fields, and has significant synergistic effects with nitrogen reduction, tillage and irrigation. In the future, long-term positioning research, mechanism analysis and regional special product development should be strengthened to promote the large-scale application of biochar in the main peanut producing areas such as Huanghuaihai.

Key words: peanut, biochar, yield, quality, soil, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, application

ZHOU Liyao, LIU Juan, LIU Haijiao, CUI Yanan, LIU Bing, LUO Yilong, YU Longcheng, CHEN Yafei, XU Risheng, MA Tengfei. Research Progress on Application of Biochar in Peanut Cultivation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(7): 15-21.

Figures/Tables 2

References 61

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