Ion Absorption Characteristics and Saline-alkali Tolerance Evaluation of Different Sugar Beet Varieties in Hetao Irrigation District

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0828

Abstract

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the ion absorption characteristics and saline-alkali tolerance differences of different sugar beet varieties in the saline-alkali soil of the Hetao Irrigation District, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for selecting salt-tolerant varieties and utilizing saline-alkali land. Using sugar beet varieties ‘KWS1197’, ‘KWS9899’, ‘H7IM15’, ‘KUHN4092’, and ‘SV1752’ as test materials, a field experiment was conducted in typical saline-alkali soil of the Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia. Yield, sugar content, biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and the concentration and accumulation of cations such as K⁺ and Na⁺ in plant tissues were systematically measured. The results showed that ‘KWS1197’ performed best under saline-alkali stress. Its yield (80102.03 kg/hm²) and sugar yield (14122.35 kg/hm²) were significantly higher than those of other varieties, which were 16.99% and 27.14% higher than the lowest-performing variety ‘KWS9899’. The proportion of its root biomass reached 82.1%, and its net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and leaf SPAD value were significantly higher than those of other varieties (P<0.05). Ion absorption analysis indicated that ‘KWS1197’ exhibited a capability for sodium exclusion and potassium retention. The Na⁺ concentration in its roots at the end of the growth period was significantly lower than that in ‘KUHN4092’, while the K⁺ accumulation in its roots (465.97 g/plant) was significantly higher than that in ‘KWS9899’. In summary, the saline-alkali tolerance of sugar beet is closely related to selective ion absorption, stability of photosynthetic efficiency, and efficient biomass allocation to the roots. ‘KWS1197’ is a superior variety suitable for cultivation in the saline-alkali soil of the Hetao Irrigation District.

Key words: saline-alkali tolerance, sugar beet, variety, cation, ion absorption characteristics

CLC Number:

S566.3

HAN Kang, HUANG Chunyan, LI Zhi, GUO Xiaoxia, JIAN Caiyuan, TIAN Lu, LI Yinghao, WEI Zhigang, ZHAO Zhixia, AN Jingyuan, REN Huimin. Ion Absorption Characteristics and Saline-alkali Tolerance Evaluation of Different Sugar Beet Varieties in Hetao Irrigation District[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(13): 29-37.

Figures/Tables 6

References 34

[1]	URI N. Cropland soil salinization and associated hydrology: Trends, processes and examples[J]. Water, 2018, 10(8):1030. doi: 10.3390/w10081030 URL
[2]	张凤荣. 分区分类因地制宜综合改造利用盐碱地[J]. 中国土地, 2023(8):30-32.
[3]	张义强, 王瑞萍, 白巧燕. 内蒙古河套灌区土壤盐碱化发展变化及治理效果研究[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2018, 37(S1):118-122.
[4]	SINGH A. Soil salinization management for sustainable development: A review[J]. Journal of environmental management, 2021, 277:111383. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111383 URL
[5]	STAVI I, THEVS N, PRIORI S. Soil salinity and sodicity in drylands: A review of causes, effects, monitoring, and restoration measures[J]. Frontiers in environmental science, 2021, 9:712831. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2021.712831 URL
[6]	郭耀东, 程曼, 赵秀峰, 等. 轮作绿肥对盐碱地土壤性质、后作青贮玉米产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(6):856-864.
[7]	孟利芳, 姚晓翠, 但瑶, 等. 施肥对盐碱地饲用燕麦根际土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2023, 31(10):2960-2967. doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.10.007
[8]	苏日娜, 张健. 基于井渠结合灌溉排水方式对盐碱地改良效果研究[J]. 黑龙江水利科技, 2023, 51(4):38-40.
[9]	杨劲松, 姚荣江, 王相平, 等. 河套平原盐碱地生态治理和生态产业发展模式[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(22):7059-7063.
[10]	张万恒, 何帅, 忠智博, 等. 膜下滴灌结合暗管排水技术改良新疆盐碱地效果综述[J]. 农业工程, 2023, 13(4):101-107.
[11]	崔宏亮, 宋晓晓, 姚庆, 等. 伊犁河谷不同藜麦品种对盐胁迫的生理响应及耐盐评价[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(5):32-45. doi: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.1074
[12]	贾秀苹, 卯旭辉, 梁根生, 等. 向日葵抗盐碱生理生化机制与生长发育特性分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2022(5):146-152.
[13]	任智新, 史建楠, 何佳星, 等. 盐胁迫对青绿苔草生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(8):2045-2052. doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.08.014
[14]	GANAPATI R K, NAVEED S A, ZAFAR S. Saline-alkali tolerance in rice: Physiological response, molecular mechanism, and QTL identification and application to breeding[J]. Rice science, 2022, 29(5):412-434. doi: 10.1016/j.rsci.2022.05.002 URL
[15]	FUJITA Y, NAKASHIMA K, YOSHIDA T. Three SnRK2 protein kinases are the main positive regulators of abscisic acid signaling in response to water stress in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant and cell physiology, 2009, 50(12):2123-2132. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcp147 URL
[16]	CAO Y, SONG H, ZHANG L. New insight into plant saline-alkali tolerance mechanisms and application to breeding[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, 23(24):16048. doi: 10.3390/ijms232416048 URL
[17]	MAIERHOFER T, DIEKMANN M, OFFENBORN J N. Site- and kinase-specific phosphorylation-mediated activation of SLAC1, a guard cell anion channel stimulated by abscisic acid[J]. Science signaling, 2014, 7:86. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.2005703 pmid: 25205850
[18]	CUI L, LIU Y, YAN J. Revitalizing coastal saline-alkali soil with biochar application for improved crop growth[J]. Ecological engineering, 2022, 179:106594. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106594 URL
[19]	HENG T, HE X L, YANG L L. Mechanism of saline-alkali land improvement using subsurface pipe and vertical well drainage measures and its response to agricultural soil ecosystem[J]. Environmental pollution, 2022, 293:118583. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118583 URL
[20]	HUANG Z B, SUN Z J, LU Z H. Effects of soil amendments on coastal saline-alkali soil improvement and the growth of plants[J]. Advanced materials research, 2013, 634:152-159.
[21]	YU Z, DUAN X, LUO L. How plant hormones mediate salt stress responses[J]. Trends in plant science, 2020, 25(11):1117-1130. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.06.008 pmid: 32675014
[22]	ZUO W, XU L, QIU M. Effects of different exogenous organic materials on improving soil fertility in coastal saline-alkali soil[J]. Agronomy, 2023, 13(1):61. doi: 10.3390/agronomy13010061 URL
[23]	田露, 郭晓霞, 苏文斌, 等. 不同改良材料对苏打盐碱化耕地土壤化学特性及甜菜生长的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022, 42(5):8-15.
[24]	张科, 田长彦, 李春俭. 盐土和沙土对新疆常见一年生盐生植物生长和体内矿质组成的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(10):3069-3076.
[25]	赵振勇, 张科, 王雷, 等. 盐生植物对重盐渍土脱盐效果[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(5):1420-1425. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00207
[26]	WANG Y, WANG S, ZHAO Z. Progress of euhalophyte adaptation to arid areas to remediate salinized soil[J]. Agriculture, 2023, 13(3):704. doi: 10.3390/agriculture13030704 URL
[27]	苏媛, 田长彦, 买文选, 等. 滴灌条件下西北干旱区农田生物排盐研究进展与展望[J]. 土壤学报, 2023, 60(4):925-938.
[28]	郭洋, 陈波浪, 盛建东, 等. 几种一年生盐生植物的吸盐能力[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(1):269-276.
[29]	王宁, 赵振勇, 张心怡, 等. 几种藜科盐生植物吸盐能力及生态学意义[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(6):1104-1112.
[30]	余冬梅, 祁兆鑫, 胡夏嵩, 等. 柴达木盆地尕斯库勒盐湖区盐生植物吸盐效应及其耐盐性评价[J]. 盐湖研究, 2020, 28(1):123-131.
[31]	GUI G R L, STEVANATO P, LV C H. Physiological and transcriptome analysis of sugar beet reveals different mechanisms of response to neutral salt and alkaline salt stresses[J]. Frontiers in plant science, 2020, 11:571864. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.571864 URL
[32]	韩康, 黄春燕, 苏文斌, 等. 腐植酸型改良剂对盐碱地甜菜生长发育的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2023(11):189-194.
[33]	韩康, 黄春燕, 郭晓霞, 等. 沿黄灌区盐碱地甜菜微生物菌肥施用量研究[J]. 北方农业学报, 2024, 52(1):79-86.
[34]	韩康, 黄春燕, 苏文斌, 等. 钙基腐殖酸型改良剂施用量对盐碱地甜菜产质量的影响[J]. 中国糖料, 2023, 45(3):35-41.

甜菜品种	产量/(kg/hm²)	含糖率/%	产糖量/(kg/hm²)
KWS9899	68470.24e	16.22c	11107.92d
H7IM15	75457.73b	15.83d	11943.18c
KUHN4092	70123.01d	16.15c	11326.03d
SV1752	73258.58c	17.14b	12557.96b
KWS1197	80102.03a	17.63a	14122.35a

甜菜品种	产量/(kg/hm²)	含糖率/%	产糖量/(kg/hm²)
KWS9899	68470.24e	16.22c	11107.92d
H7IM15	75457.73b	15.83d	11943.18c
KUHN4092	70123.01d	16.15c	11326.03d
SV1752	73258.58c	17.14b	12557.96b
KWS1197	80102.03a	17.63a	14122.35a

采样日期	阳离子	部位	KWS9899	H7IM15	KUHN4092	SV1752	KWS1197
6月17日	Na⁺	地上部	3.62a	2.74bc	2.94b	2.58bc	2.46c
	Na⁺	块根	0.89a	0.72b	0.76b	0.56c	0.52c
	K⁺	地上部	4.99b	5.07b	4.93b	5.27b	5.65a
	K⁺	块根	2.29c	2.88a	2.60b	2.71ab	2.82a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.48e	0.63d	0.70b	0.78a	0.67c
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.40a	0.39a	0.38a	0.30b	0.38a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	1.05c	1.14a	1.02c	1.13a	1.09b
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.42a	0.35c	0.30d	0.24e	0.39b
7月18日	Na⁺	地上部	3.97a	3.68b	3.41c	2.54e	2.79d
	Na⁺	块根	0.66a	0.55b	0.48c	0.38d	0.51bc
	K⁺	地上部	5.15c	5.34b	5.43b	5.67a	5.21c
	K⁺	块根	1.74c	1.81c	2.08b	2.48a	1.84c
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.54c	0.65a	0.50d	0.49d	0.58b
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.12c	0.15ab	0.14b	0.16a	0.12c
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.89b	0.88b	0.87b	0.67c	0.92a
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.17b	0.17b	0.17b	0.16b	0.21a
8月16日	Na⁺	地上部	2.51bc	2.52bc	2.85a	2.59b	2.24c
	Na⁺	块根	0.39c	0.65b	0.90a	0.44c	0.22d
	K⁺	地上部	4.88a	4.55c	4.43d	4.55c	4.70b
	K⁺	块根	1.27b	0.70c	0.56d	1.35b	1.66a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.73a	0.71b	0.62c	0.52d	0.45e
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.19a	0.12d	0.17b	0.13c	0.13c
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.91a	0.74c	0.78b	0.66d	0.53e
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.21c	0.23a	0.20d	0.20d	0.22b
9月12日	Na⁺	地上部	1.91c	1.90c	2.41a	2.24ab	2.14bc
	Na⁺	块根	0.21c	0.11d	0.38a	0.32b	0.23c
	K⁺	地上部	4.99a	5.01a	4.01d	4.40c	4.45b
	K⁺	块根	0.87d	1.03e	0.81c	1.17b	1.30a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.71a	0.64b	0.63c	0.56d	0.44e
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.12b	0.12b	0.12b	0.12b	0.14a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.63b	0.57d	0.66a	0.61c	0.47e
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.22b	0.17d	0.19c	0.19c	0.26a

采样日期	阳离子	部位	KWS9899	H7IM15	KUHN4092	SV1752	KWS1197
6月17日	Na⁺	地上部	3.62a	2.74bc	2.94b	2.58bc	2.46c
	Na⁺	块根	0.89a	0.72b	0.76b	0.56c	0.52c
	K⁺	地上部	4.99b	5.07b	4.93b	5.27b	5.65a
	K⁺	块根	2.29c	2.88a	2.60b	2.71ab	2.82a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.48e	0.63d	0.70b	0.78a	0.67c
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.40a	0.39a	0.38a	0.30b	0.38a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	1.05c	1.14a	1.02c	1.13a	1.09b
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.42a	0.35c	0.30d	0.24e	0.39b
7月18日	Na⁺	地上部	3.97a	3.68b	3.41c	2.54e	2.79d
	Na⁺	块根	0.66a	0.55b	0.48c	0.38d	0.51bc
	K⁺	地上部	5.15c	5.34b	5.43b	5.67a	5.21c
	K⁺	块根	1.74c	1.81c	2.08b	2.48a	1.84c
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.54c	0.65a	0.50d	0.49d	0.58b
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.12c	0.15ab	0.14b	0.16a	0.12c
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.89b	0.88b	0.87b	0.67c	0.92a
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.17b	0.17b	0.17b	0.16b	0.21a
8月16日	Na⁺	地上部	2.51bc	2.52bc	2.85a	2.59b	2.24c
	Na⁺	块根	0.39c	0.65b	0.90a	0.44c	0.22d
	K⁺	地上部	4.88a	4.55c	4.43d	4.55c	4.70b
	K⁺	块根	1.27b	0.70c	0.56d	1.35b	1.66a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.73a	0.71b	0.62c	0.52d	0.45e
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.19a	0.12d	0.17b	0.13c	0.13c
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.91a	0.74c	0.78b	0.66d	0.53e
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.21c	0.23a	0.20d	0.20d	0.22b
9月12日	Na⁺	地上部	1.91c	1.90c	2.41a	2.24ab	2.14bc
	Na⁺	块根	0.21c	0.11d	0.38a	0.32b	0.23c
	K⁺	地上部	4.99a	5.01a	4.01d	4.40c	4.45b
	K⁺	块根	0.87d	1.03e	0.81c	1.17b	1.30a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	0.71a	0.64b	0.63c	0.56d	0.44e
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.12b	0.12b	0.12b	0.12b	0.14a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	0.63b	0.57d	0.66a	0.61c	0.47e
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.22b	0.17d	0.19c	0.19c	0.26a

采样日期	阳离子	部位	KWS9899	H7IM15	KUHN4092	SV1752	KWS1197
6月17日	Na⁺	地上部	27.84a	25.21ab	22.77c	21.42c	22.33c
	Na⁺	块根	1.77b	2.37a	1.59b	1.60b	1.67b
	K⁺	地上部	38.43c	46.67ab	38.16c	43.76b	51.16a
	K⁺	块根	4.58d	9.37a	5.48c	7.69b	9.09a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	3.73d	5.81bc	5.44c	6.48a	6.02b
	Ca²⁺	块根	0.81b	1.26a	0.81b	0.84b	1.21a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	8.07c	10.49a	7.89c	9.41b	9.84b
	Mg²⁺	块根	0.84c	1.12b	0.64d	0.69d	1.28a
7月18日	Na⁺	地上部	259.91c	366.30a	233.42d	199.99e	306.91b
	Na⁺	块根	58.83b	78.53a	41.94c	38.87c	83.28a
	K⁺	地上部	337.27e	531.77b	371.52d	446.52c	572.31a
	K⁺	块根	153.77d	260.54b	180.67c	254.68b	299.61a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	35.04c	64.44a	34.15c	38.28b	64.04a
	Ca²⁺	块根	10.75c	22.00a	12.15c	16.42b	20.42a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	58.55c	87.53b	59.68c	52.96d	101.72a
	Mg²⁺	块根	15.07c	24.79b	15.10c	16.62c	35.12a
8月16日	Na⁺	地上部	197.86d	338.41a	236.06c	292.92b	298.62b
	Na⁺	块根	76.20c	168.74a	182.09a	107.68b	62.00c
	K⁺	地上部	385.29d	609.90b	367.31e	515.56c	628.84a
	K⁺	块根	247.05c	182.90d	114.15e	328.06b	460.38a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	57.74b	95.44a	51.80c	58.36b	59.63b
	Ca²⁺	块根	37.87a	30.89c	35.07ab	33.05bc	37.90a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	71.79c	98.32a	64.52d	74.47b	71.07c
	Mg²⁺	块根	41.01c	60.61a	40.44c	48.35b	61.75a
9月12日	Na⁺	地上部	123.27d	172.00c	163.52c	210.23b	252.89a
	Na⁺	块根	54.44b	32.28c	78.63a	86.65a	82.50a
	K⁺	地上部	323.35d	452.75b	271.77e	412.35c	526.52a
	K⁺	块根	229.07d	289.56c	166.23e	319.72b	465.97a
	Ca²⁺	地上部	45.98c	58.27a	42.52d	53.08b	52.54b
	Ca²⁺	块根	32.96b	35.47b	25.02c	32.12b	52.46a
	Mg²⁺	地上部	41.00d	51.87b	44.66c	57.12a	55.50a
	Mg²⁺	块根	57.17b	47.29d	38.81e	50.89c	94.27a