Abstract: The characters of dry matter production and its transition were analyzed with 4 two-line hybrid rice and 2 three-line hybrid rice under mountainous area of western Hunan. The results showed that: as for two-line hybrid rice, the accumulated dry matter in leaves and leaf-sheathes was more, and the amount of accumulated dry matter transition to panicle at late stage was higher. The average total dry weight was 39.7g/hill at flag-leaf full developed stage, the weight of stem+leaf-sheath+leaf was 41.0g/hill, 14.41% and 23.88% higher than that of three-line hybrid rice respectively. The average amount of dry matter transmitted from stems, leaf-sheathes and leaves to panicles was 16.4g/hill, 18.84% higher than that of three-line hybrid rice; The average transition ratio was 40.00%, equivalent to that of three-line hybrid rice (40.18%); The contribution ratio of accumulated dry matter the grain yield was 43.27%, 5 percentage higher than that of three-line hybrid rice.