Abstract: Effects of straw mulch on soil erosion and water, soil temperature, sorts and multitudes of small animals, weeds growth and tomato productivity were studied through field experiments. The results showed that soil erosion were lower with 57.1%~71.4% than conventional cultivation. It was effective to mitigate extreme temperature in autumn and winter, enhance soil water retention, and increase soil biology diversity and its multitudes, especially the earthworm higher with over 1.5 times than conventional cultivation, by straw mulch. The weeds weight accounted for 9%~57% and the tomato productivity increased 33%~77% in relative to conventional cultivation. Adoption of straw mulch led to a decline in soil erosion, increase in soil water retention, and improvement soil properties and stable enhancement tomato productivity compared with bare reference, suggesting it was a valuable conservation practice for tomato produce on slope land.