Abstract: System rationale studying pollution discharge right trades, is that the field treats and applies pollution discharge right business system for having more for the concrete understanding and cognition, are conducive to consciousness on practice rationality in terms of theory to whose connotation. Adopt demonstration to describe the analysis method studying with the norm on the article basis in relevance document, the theory discussing pollution discharge right business system by the fact that the origin that the problem produces to the environment tracing , the theory changing mainly from environment outside theory , public domain tragedy theory, resource sparse incomplete theory , theory of marketplace out of order, Kesi theorem theory of government out of order, system waiting for aspect props up. Pattern studying the government intervention theory indicating, not fixing, the also nonexistent complete market orientation carries out a pattern , any pattern all has bringing oneself effect space into play. Pollution discharge right business system is a win-win system arrangement, refraction the government intervention and become market-oriented business big this liang of learning thought mingling, are a trend and inevitable result that modern market economy develops , it's at the back is that the marketplace liberty works, changing being role of government and a function, is improving and perfecting that economic growth system ensures.