Abstract:

The effects of maximum temperature and minimum temperature on winter wheat phenology, yield components in northern regions of Henan province. The trend of the extreme temperature in winter and spring, winter wheat phenology and yield components in northern regions of Henan province and the impacts of climate change on winter wheat growth were analyzed by the method of statistics and person relation based on the data of temperature between 1981 and 2010 and the observed winter wheat data between 1984 to 2010. The results showed as follows. The minimum temperature respectively increased significantly as 1.4℃/10 years and 1.3℃/10 years in winter and spring, which increased more in winter. The maximum temperature didn’t changed obviously in winter, however increased significantly as 0.7℃/10 years in spring. The regreening date of winter wheat didn’t changed obviously, the heading date and maturity date respectively advanced significantly as 4.0 days/10 years and 2.9 days/10 years. The heading stage advanced more. The growth stage significantly shortened as 4.6 days/10 years. The number of spikes of winter wheat didn’t change obviously, the number of kernels per spike of winter wheat decreased significantly as 4.4 kernels/(spike?10 years), 1000-kernels-weight of winter wheat increased significantly as 4.9 g/(1000-kernels?10 years). The results of person relation analysis showed that. The regreening date advanced 2.7 days while the maximum temperature increased 1℃ in winter. The heading date respectively advanced as 2.8 days and 3.4 days, maturity date respectively advanced as 2.6 days and 2.5days, the growth stage respectively shorten as 3.5 days and 3.6 days while the maximum and minimum temperature increased 1℃ in spring. The number of spikes and kernels per spike of winter wheat respectively decreased as 20.5 spikes/m2 and 2.4 kernels/spike when the minimum temperature increased as 1℃ in winter. 1000-kernels-weight of winter wheat increased 2.0 g/1000-kernels when the maximum m temperature increased as 1℃. 1000-kernels-weight of winter wheat increased with the increased minimum temperature in spring, however, decreased when minimum temperature extended 13℃. The extreme temperature warmed obviously during the past 30 years in winter and spring in northern regions of Henan province and its impacts on the winter wheat production also were obvious.