Abstract:

Many pathogenicities of Xanthomonas depend on a conserved type III secretion system which injects type III effectors into the plant cell, causing the host's immune response or susceptibility. Here, we present an overview about the classification of type III effectors from Xanthomonas and the main function of Avrbs3, AvrRxv /YopJ, XopN, XopD family. The effector proteins with enzymatic functions in the interaction of Xanthomonas with its host plants were highlighted, for example, the SUMO protease activity of XopD; Effectors of the AvrBs3 family can mimic plant transcriptional activators and manipulate the plant transcriptome; XopN suppresses PAMP-triggered immune responses during Xcv infection. Some of those expertly studied in depth and the interaction with their host factors were reviewed in detail. Finally, the impact of the type Ⅲ effectors’ research on plant disease resistance genetic engineering and the future prospects of research direction about the type III effectors were discussed.