Abstract: The aim was to provide the anatomical data for studying the accumulation and distribution of secondary metabolites in Bupleurum chinense DC. The structure and the distribution of secretory canals in the different organs and the development of secretory canals in the stem and the leaf of Bupleurum chinense DC have been observed by the paraffin section method. The results showed as follows: (1) Each secretory canal in the organs of Bupleurum chinense DC consists of a layer of epithelial cells encircling a round canal, and there were no sheath cells outside the epithelial cells. (2) Secretory canals of schizogenous origin were found through the observation of the bud, the young stem and the leaf of the Bupleurum chinense DC; and the secretory canal formed in the stage of primary meristem in the stem and the leaf. However, there wasn’t a secretory canal in the primary structure of the root. The secretory canals appeared relatively late in the development of the root. (3) There were secretory canals in root, stem, leaf, bractlet, flower and mericarp, but not in seed. The secretory canals were distributed in parenchyma tissue and mainly beside the vascular bundle.