Abstract: Materials Identification and Screening of drought resistance in rice is an important aspect to cultivate rice variety of drought resistance. In this paper, identification methods and evaluation indicators used by assessment of drought resistance of rice at home and abroad were provided, and the pros and cons of various research methods were comprehensive analyzed. Besides, the limitations of using a single drought evaluation indicator was pointed out, and a comprehensive index system include morphological, physiological and biochemical should be built to correctly evaluate the drought resistance of rice.