Abstract: In order to understand the effects of climate change on cotton growth, a field experiment with rising temperatures and different irrigation amounts in two green houses was conducted in 2011- 2012. Infrared lamps were used to enhance temperatures in one green house, and no infrared lamps were used in another green house. Five irrigation levels, which were 0.7 times, 0.85 times, 1 times, 1.15 times and 1.3 times of field irrigation amounts, were employed in every green house. All the measures were to study the effects of rising temperatures and irrigation amounts on seed cotton yields, biomass and water use efficiency. The results showed that rising mean temperature of 1-3.5℃during cotton growth season helped raise seed cotton yields. Rising temperature of 1℃at the growing season, anthesis and boll-opening stages, seed cotton yields increased by 200.694, 225.732 and 109.838 kg/hm²; but rising temperature of 1℃at the stage of budding would decrease seed cotton yields by 162.814 kg/hm². Rising temperature of 1℃at the growing season and budding stages, biomass decreased by 1079.2 and 1179.8 kg/hm², respectively, TWUE and BWUE decreased by 3.4215 and 2.8098 kg/hm², respectively. Rising 1 times irrigation, the seed cotton yields and biomass increased by 734.51 and 2242.3 kg/hm², respectively. However, rising temperatures would enhance water use, which was disadvantageous for an arid region like Xinjiang. With climate warming, much water will be needed for high yield of cotton.