Abstract: In order to explore the effect of biodegradable films on soil water and temperature and the growth and yield of peanut, a contrast experiment on four kinds of biodegradable film, common plastic film and no plastic film was carried out. The results showed that mulching was better than no mulching treatment. The degradation speed of biodegradable film Q2 was too fast, degradation periods of other kinds of biodegradable film were suitable. Biodegradable film Q3 was more conducive to the formation of the growth and yield of peanut, and its effect was better than common plastic film. Q4 was similar to the ordinary plastic film, the effect was slightly inferior to that of the ordinary plastic film, effects of film Q1 and Q2 were worse than that of the ordinary plastic film. Biodegradable film had moderate degradation period, and could achieve similar effect as the ordinary plastic film in retaining temperature and humidity. Biodegradable film was better than the ordinary plastic film in increasing chlorophyll SPAD of peanut, photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaf and delaying leaf senescence. In conclusion, biodegradable film Q3 and Q4, with suitable degradation period, could satisfy the need of soil temperature and moisture for peanut in different growth stags. In the early stage, they could increase temperature and contain water; in the later stage, they could lower the temperature and increase the penetration of moisture and promote the photosynthesis. In addition, they could reduce the white pollution and the damage of soil properties, had good ecological and economic benefits and broad application prospects.