Abstract: In order to reveal the genetic distance of sorghum parents on DNA level and its correlation with heterosis, the genetic distances of 11 sorghum parent lines were calculated by the method of microsatellite molecular marker technology, and the heterosis of plant height, ear length, spike wide, stem diameter, grain weight, thousand seed weight of 10 coeno-species were measured. The results showed that the genetic distance data among 11 materials were 0.208 to 0.574 with the average of 0.431. The correlation analysis showed that the heterosis index of the grain weight was significantly and positively correlated with the genetic distance values with the correlation coefficient of 0.830 of 10 coeno- species, the correlation coefficient of other characters was small. However, because of the lack of test combination in this study, which could not entirely corresponded to parents, the correlation between the genetic distance of parent lines and heterosis needed to be further studied.