Abstract: This study aimed at screening the melon germplasms, which were high-resistant to Phytophthora capsici by artificial inoculation. The resistant germplasms would lay a foundation for melon disease resistance breeding and inheritance research of resistance to Phytophthora capsici. Using the root-irrigating method, the resistance of 166 melon accessions were identified by releasing 1 mL zoospore suspension into the soil of each plant with the concentration of 1×106 zoospores per mL. Among the 166 tested accessions, 41 belonged to Cucumis melo L.subsp. agrestis, 104 belonged to Cucumis melo L.subsp. melo, 15 belonged to Cucumis melo L.agrestis and 6 belonged to Cucumis zayherii. It turned out that 4 accessions were immune and 25 accessions were high resistant to P. capsici. 66 percent of the tested Cucumis melo L.subsp. melo were at least at a middle resistant level. While, 98 percent of the tested Cucumis melo L.subsp. agrestis were susceptible or highly susceptible to P. capsici. Further correlation?analysis revealed that the resistance level of Cucumis melo L.subsp. melo was significantly higher than that of Cucumis melo L.subsp. agrestis. The survey of fruit phenotypes showed that the single-fruit weight of 14 accessions was more than 1 kg. and the central soluble solid content of 8 accessions was more than 10%. The resistant germplasms with high-yield or high soluble solid content could be used for genetic research like gene mapping or cloning, and could also be used as parent lines to transfer the resistance gene(s) into the lines which owned good agronomic characters but with poor resistance.