Abstract: With the free sharing of data, remote sensing data of Landsat 8 satellite series has become one of the important data of surface temperature inversion. Based on the land surface temperature inversion algorithm of Landsat8 data, this paper selected Mohe City in Daxing''anling area as the research area. Inversion of surface temperature by different methods based on Landsat8 thermal infrared band, such as radioactive transfer equation algorithm, mono-window algorithm, and split-window algorithm. Exploring the law of surface temperature distribution in high latitudes, and use measured geothermal data for verification. The result presents that the fitting effects of the three surface temperature inversions in this study area are good, and the temperature error is around 1°C.Among them, the result of the radiation transfer equation algorithm is more accurate, it can provide some reference value for summer surface temperature inversion and frozen soil degradation in high latitude areas.