Abstract:

The paper aims to breed potato varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals and solve the problem of heavy metal accumulation in food chain. Using 11 potato varieties as materials, the absorptive and transport capacity of Cd, Pb, As and Cr in different organs of potato plants were studied. The results showed that, among the 11 varieties, the contents of Cd, Cr, As and Pb in different organs of different genotypes of potato were significantly different. The average content order of the four heavy metals in potato roots, skins and tubers was Cr> Pb> Cd> As, but was Pb> Cr> Cd> As in potato stems and leaves. Moreover, the contents of the four heavy metals in all the potato varieties did not exceed the national standard for heavy metals in food. For heavy metal accumulation in various organs of potato, the average enrichment coefficient of Cr, As, Pb and Cd in potato roots was the highest. The average enrichment coefficient of Cd in potato roots, stems and leaves were all greater than 1, indicating a strong enrichment capacity. The transfer coefficient of heavy metals in different organs of potato also showed significant differences. The average transfer coefficient of Cd and As in potato organs followed an order of stem> leaf> skin> tuber, while that of Cr and Pb was leaf> stem> skin> tuber. Additionally, Cd enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient in ‘D597’ were the lowest, indicating that ‘D597’ was a low Cd absorption and accumulation variety.

Key words: potato, heavy metal, enrichment coefficient, transport coefficient