Effects of Biogas Residue Application on Nutrient and Heavy Metal Content in Soil and Yield of Crops Under Peanut-wheat Rotation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1069

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the effects of biogas residue application on nutrient and heavy metal content in soil and yield of crops under peanut-wheat rotation, field experiments were carried out including six fertilizer treatments, i.e., 1.5×10⁴ kg/hm² (A1), 3.0×10⁴ kg/hm² (A2), 4.5×10⁴ kg/hm² (A3), 6.0×10⁴ kg/hm² (A4), 7.5×10⁴ kg/hm² (A5) and no biogas residue treatment (CK, A6), with the application of 750 kg/hm² compound fertilizer as basal fertilizer in each treatment. The grain yield of crops, the heavy metal content in grains, and the soil nutrient and heavy metal content were determined respectively. The results showed that the yield of peanut using biogas residue increased by 4.74% to 9.03% compared with that of the control, the yield of A2, A3, A4 and A5 was significantly higher than that of control (A6) (P<0.05); the yield of wheat using biogas residue increased by 3.08%-7.38% compared with that of the control, the yield of A2, A3, A4 and A5 was significantly higher than that of control (A6) (P<0.05); treatment A2 had significantly higher yield of peanut and wheat compared with that of A6, and the lowest biogas residue using amount, so it was the appropriate application amount of biogas residue. Compared with no biogas residue application, the addition of biogas residue significantly increased soil nutrients’ content, the content variation range of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium was 56.80-107.23 g/kg, 0.26%-0.45%, 93.77-128.67 and 218.33-329.67 mg/kg, respectively. Hg and As were not detected in peanut or wheat grains, and the content of Pb, Cd and Cr changed in the range of 0.023-0.07, 0.11-0.23 and 0.015-0.062 mg/kg, respectively, all lower than The National Food Safety Standard Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods (GB 2762—2017). The soil content of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr and As was 0.046-0.061, 23.4-29.7, 0.09-0.22, 71.1-89.5 and 12.0-14.4 mg/kg, respectively, all were lower than The Soil Environmental Quality - Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial) (GB 15618—2018).

Key words: yield, biogas residue, peanut-wheat rotation, soil nutrient, heavy metal

CLC Number:

X833

QIN Naiqun, MA Qiaoyun, GAO Jingwei, YANG Pu, CAI Jinlan, HAO Yingchun, LI Yanmei, JI Hongce, LIAO Xiangzheng. Effects of Biogas Residue Application on Nutrient and Heavy Metal Content in Soil and Yield of Crops Under Peanut-wheat Rotation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(8): 58-63.

Figures/Tables 5

References 34

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处理	花生产量/(kg/hm²)	花生产量比CK±/%	小麦产量/(kg/hm²)	小麦产量比CK±/%
A1	5355.000±174.619ab	4.74	8229.000±206.482bc	3.08
A2	5507.505±80.670a	7.72	8485.005±274.833ab	6.29
A3	5533.005±129.750a	8.23	8544.495±63.540a	7.03
A4	5560.005±100.066a	8.75	8572.005±47.251a	7.38
A5	5574.000±104.323a	9.03	8592.000±57.451a	7.63
A6(CK)	5112.495±245.970b	0	7983.000±138.221c	0

处理	花生产量/(kg/hm²)	花生产量比CK±/%	小麦产量/(kg/hm²)	小麦产量比CK±/%
A1	5355.000±174.619ab	4.74	8229.000±206.482bc	3.08
A2	5507.505±80.670a	7.72	8485.005±274.833ab	6.29
A3	5533.005±129.750a	8.23	8544.495±63.540a	7.03
A4	5560.005±100.066a	8.75	8572.005±47.251a	7.38
A5	5574.000±104.323a	9.03	8592.000±57.451a	7.63
A6(CK)	5112.495±245.970b	0	7983.000±138.221c	0

处理	有机质/(g/kg)		全氮/%		有效磷/(mg/kg)		速效钾/(mg/kg)
处理	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季
A1	56.80±3.69c	61.17±3.74c	0.26±0.02cd	0.30±0.02d	93.77±4.62d	113.67±4.16c	289.00±3.61c	218.33±3.06c
A2	79.20±3.18b	86.60±3.95b	0.32±0.02ab	0.33±0.01cd	99.13±1.82cd	117.33±4.04c	297.67±7.57c	224.33±4.51c
A3	82.50±2.52b	93.77±12.28ab	0.30±0.06a	0.35±0.02bc	104.87±4.61bc	120.33±1.53bc	314.33±4.73b	245.67±4.16b
A4	88.30±3.83a	102.20±8.60a	0.34±0.02a	0.38±0.01b	108.37±2.76b	124.67±6.03ab	320.67±6.66ab	259.67±7.02a
A5	91.60±3.26a	107.23±10.88a	0.45±0.02a	0.42±0.02a	116.03±4.19a	128.67±2.52a	329.67±3.79a	268.67±7.77a
A6	46.50±2.46d	46.13±2.02d	0.20±0.03d	0.23±0.01e	85.50±3.50e	105.73±1.75d	265.67±5.86d	206.67±3.51d

处理	有机质/(g/kg)		全氮/%		有效磷/(mg/kg)		速效钾/(mg/kg)
处理	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季	花生季	小麦季
A1	56.80±3.69c	61.17±3.74c	0.26±0.02cd	0.30±0.02d	93.77±4.62d	113.67±4.16c	289.00±3.61c	218.33±3.06c
A2	79.20±3.18b	86.60±3.95b	0.32±0.02ab	0.33±0.01cd	99.13±1.82cd	117.33±4.04c	297.67±7.57c	224.33±4.51c
A3	82.50±2.52b	93.77±12.28ab	0.30±0.06a	0.35±0.02bc	104.87±4.61bc	120.33±1.53bc	314.33±4.73b	245.67±4.16b
A4	88.30±3.83a	102.20±8.60a	0.34±0.02a	0.38±0.01b	108.37±2.76b	124.67±6.03ab	320.67±6.66ab	259.67±7.02a
A5	91.60±3.26a	107.23±10.88a	0.45±0.02a	0.42±0.02a	116.03±4.19a	128.67±2.52a	329.67±3.79a	268.67±7.77a
A6	46.50±2.46d	46.13±2.02d	0.20±0.03d	0.23±0.01e	85.50±3.50e	105.73±1.75d	265.67±5.86d	206.67±3.51d

处理	Hg	Pb	Cd	Cr	As
A1	0.061±0.005a	25.8±0.70d	0.21±0.031a	74.2±1.05ab	12.4±0.86a
A2	0.057±0.004ab	26.2±0.42cd	0.21±0.015a	71.1±1.55b	13.3±0.86a
A3	0.058±0,004ab	27.4±0.47bc	0.22±0.021a	72.5±2.34ab	12.2±0.85a
A4	0.052±0.004b	29.7±0.71a	0.20±0.031a	75.1±1.91a	12.0±0.97a
A5	0.056±0.003ab	28.5±0.67ab	0.22±0.031a	71.3±1.78b	12.1±1.32a
A6	0.040±0.003c	26.9±1.50cd	0.21±0.038a	73.0±1.96ab	12.0±1.02a