Effects of Long-term Non-grain Production on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Topsoil in Ningbo Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0006

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide a reference for the restoration and utilization of non-grain cultivated land, the effects of long-term non-grain production on soil physicochemical properties of topsoil in Ningbo area were explored deeply. In this study, soil samples were collected from 130 non-grain cultivated land and 53 control plots, and then were systematically analyzed based on geomorphic types (water network plain, coastal plain, hilly area and valley plain) and non-grain planting types (nursery land and orchard). The results showed that: the pH, organic matter content and soil bulk density of non-grain cultivated land were 5.74±0.83, 24.72±8.01 g/kg and 1.28±0.05 g/cm³, respectively, significantly lower or higher than that of surrounding paddy fields (6.17±1.02, 30.07±10.68 g/kg and 1.18±0.05 g/cm³, respectively)(P<0.05). Under different terrains, the effects of non-grain production on soil physicochemical properties were different, and the greater effects were found in hilly areas and valley plains. Specifically, there was a decrease of more than 10% in EC, organic matter and total nitrogen content, and pH value decreased into an acidic level less than pH 5.5. The two non-grain production types of nursery stock and orchard both led to the decrease of pH, EC, CEC, organic matter and total nitrogen content and the increase of soil bulk density, and the former had a greater impact. The organic matter content of nursery stock was 22.90±7.18 g/kg, significantly lower than that of orchard and control plots (30.07±10.68 g/kg and 26.87±8.44 g/kg)(P<0.05). Our results indicated that the long-term non-grain production in Ningbo resulted in soil acidification, decreased fertility and increased soil compactness, and the restoration and utilization of non-grain cultivated land should fully consider the differences of geomorphic types and non-grain planting types.

Key words: Ningbo area, non-grain production, soil physicochemical properties, terrains, planting types, restoration and utilization, soil pH, organic matter content, soil bulk density, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, cultivated land management, soil quality

YING Hong, ZHU Shijun, JIN Shuquan, WANG Feng, ZHOU Jinbo. Effects of Long-term Non-grain Production on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Topsoil in Ningbo Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(27): 75-82.

Figures/Tables 7

References 22

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土壤指标	对照样地		非粮化耕地		t	P
土壤指标	平均值	变异系数/%	平均值	变异系数/%	t	P
pH	6.17±1.02	16.57	5.74±0.83	14.49	-3.023	0.003
EC值/(μS/cm)	102.66±70.89	69.05	73.79±59.61	80.78	-2.612	0.011
CEC值/(cmol/kg)	16.98±4.72	27.79	15.84±4.10	25.86	-1.631	0.105
土壤容重/(g/cm³)	1.18±0.05	4.14	1.28±0.05	4.17	11.970	0.000
有机质/(g/kg)	30.07±10.68	35.51	24.73±8.01	32.37	-3.280	0.002
全氮/(g/kg)	1.94±0.69	35.71	1.73±0.66	37.86	-1.877	0.062
有效磷/(mg/kg)	53.86±47.08	87.42	59.56±38.49	64.62	0.851	0.396
速效钾/(mg/kg)	190.07±119.85	63.06	174.19±107.79	61.88	-0.875	0.383

土壤指标	对照样地		非粮化耕地		t	P
土壤指标	平均值	变异系数/%	平均值	变异系数/%	t	P
pH	6.17±1.02	16.57	5.74±0.83	14.49	-3.023	0.003
EC值/(μS/cm)	102.66±70.89	69.05	73.79±59.61	80.78	-2.612	0.011
CEC值/(cmol/kg)	16.98±4.72	27.79	15.84±4.10	25.86	-1.631	0.105
土壤容重/(g/cm³)	1.18±0.05	4.14	1.28±0.05	4.17	11.970	0.000
有机质/(g/kg)	30.07±10.68	35.51	24.73±8.01	32.37	-3.280	0.002
全氮/(g/kg)	1.94±0.69	35.71	1.73±0.66	37.86	-1.877	0.062
有效磷/(mg/kg)	53.86±47.08	87.42	59.56±38.49	64.62	0.851	0.396
速效钾/(mg/kg)	190.07±119.85	63.06	174.19±107.79	61.88	-0.875	0.383

土壤指标	水网平原			滨海平原
土壤指标	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%
pH	6.05±0.71	5.57±0.72	-7.86	7.30±0.89	6.71±0.69	-8.07
EC值/(μS/cm)	114.30±64.63	82.88±63.20	-27.49	170.85±66.18	117.87±71.57	-31.01
CEC值/(cmol/kg)	21.95±5.84	19.10±4.05	-12.97	14.77±2.19	14.12±3.24	-4.45
土壤容重/(g/cm³)	1.17±0.04	1.28±0.06	9.57	1.16±0.06	1.27±0.05	8.82
有机质/(g/kg)	37.89±9.07	29.35±8.31	-22.53	21.38±9.36	18.22±3.80	-14.76
全氮/(g/kg)	2.74±0.50	2.30±0.70	-16.10	1.42±0.40	1.30±0.31	-8.34
有效磷/(mg/kg)	29.78±20.20	61.17±35.46	105.42	44.84±23.04	55.95±44.99	24.77
速效钾/(mg/kg)	189.11±87.72	184.83±116.20	-2.27	266.46±159.27	222.85±144.05	-16.36

土壤指标	水网平原			滨海平原
土壤指标	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%
pH	6.05±0.71	5.57±0.72	-7.86	7.30±0.89	6.71±0.69	-8.07
EC值/(μS/cm)	114.30±64.63	82.88±63.20	-27.49	170.85±66.18	117.87±71.57	-31.01
CEC值/(cmol/kg)	21.95±5.84	19.10±4.05	-12.97	14.77±2.19	14.12±3.24	-4.45
土壤容重/(g/cm³)	1.17±0.04	1.28±0.06	9.57	1.16±0.06	1.27±0.05	8.82
有机质/(g/kg)	37.89±9.07	29.35±8.31	-22.53	21.38±9.36	18.22±3.80	-14.76
全氮/(g/kg)	2.74±0.50	2.30±0.70	-16.10	1.42±0.40	1.30±0.31	-8.34
有效磷/(mg/kg)	29.78±20.20	61.17±35.46	105.42	44.84±23.04	55.95±44.99	24.77
速效钾/(mg/kg)	189.11±87.72	184.83±116.20	-2.27	266.46±159.27	222.85±144.05	-16.36

土壤指标	丘陵山区			河谷平原
土壤指标	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%	对照样地	非粮化耕地	变化幅度/%
pH	5.49±0.50	5.32±0.53	-3.10	5.57±0.66	5.36±0.48	-3.75
EC值/(μS/cm)	51.11±21.49	41.41±20.38	-18.97	49.94±14.29	44.01±14.46	-11.88
CEC值/(cmol/kg)	15.87±2.30	14.74±3.11	-7.15	14.28±1.42	13.42±2.15	-6.01
土壤容重/(g/cm³)	1.20±0.05	1.29±0.04	7.60	1.19±0.04	1.29±0.06	7.91
有机质/(g/kg)	31.75±8.89	24.18±8.12	-23.86	29.18±7.48	24.88±5.39	-14.74
全氮/(g/kg)	1.77±0.52	1.47±0.43	-17.21	1.71±0.35	1.54±0.35	-10.09
有效磷/(mg/kg)	72.32±58.66	65.36±42.15	-9.62	79.50±66.58	54.47±31.73	-31.48
速效钾/(mg/kg)	138.28±77.39	142.75±59.33	3.23	144.22±87.45	134.70±48.60	-6.61