Effects of Antimony on Seed Germination and Seedling Physiology of Cucumis melo

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0059

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the physiological response mechanism of Cucumis melo to antimony (Sb³⁺) stress, waterlogging tolerant melon strain ‘10-06-3’ was used as experimental materials to study the effects of Sb³⁺(0, 30, 60, 100 mg/L) stress at different concentrations on melon seed germination and seedling physiology through dish germination and hydroponic experiments. The results showed that low concentration antimony had a promoting effect on seed germination of muskmelon, but had an inhibitory effect on root growth and was also beneficial for seedling growth. However, high concentration antimony had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of muskmelon, affecting its development and growth. The concentration of MDA increased with the increase of antimony concentration, and the soluble sugar content and CAT activity were significantly positively correlated with MDA concentration, leading to a regulatory increase. When the concentration of Sb³⁺was lower than 60 mg/L, the soluble protein content, POD activity, SOD activity, and relative chlorophyll content significantly increased with the increase of antimony concentration. However, when the concentration was higher than 60 mg/L, its activity and content sharply decreased. A certain concentration of Sb³⁺could stimulate the antioxidant regulation reaction of muskmelon, while high concentration antimony inhibited antioxidant enzyme activity. High concentration of Sb³⁺led to a decrease in stomatal conductance and intercellular CO₂ concentration in melon leaves, which comprehensively affected the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the melon. Principal component analysis showed that the weight coefficients of soluble sugar content, MDA concentration, and CAT activity in principal component PC₁ were relatively high, while the weight coefficients of soluble protein and SOD in principal component PC₂ were relatively high. This indicates that under low concentration Sb³⁺(30 mg/L) stress conditions, sweet melons enhance their stress resistance by increasing the content of soluble sugars and soluble proteins as osmoregulatory substances. However, under high concentration Sb³⁺(60 mg/L), nickel stress can damage their defense system, leading to unstable growth and development of seedlings.

Key words: melon, antimony, antimony stress, seed, seedlings, physiological mechanism, physiological response, antioxidant enzymes

ZHANG Honglei, DENG Xin, JIANG Yanfang, LI Siqin, LIU Zefa, DANG Jiancheng, WANG Yanan. Effects of Antimony on Seed Germination and Seedling Physiology of Cucumis melo[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(31): 23-29.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

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处理编号	发芽势/%	发芽率/%	发芽指数	活力指数	芽长/cm	根长/cm
CK	81.11±5.09a	93.33±3.34a	46.79±1.65b	113.86±4.03c	2.43±0.32a	9.5±0.26a
T1	85.55±3.85a	92.22±3.85a	47.41±2.05b	123.27±5.34bc	2.60±0.20a	6.47±0.64b
T2	85.56±1.93a	93.33±3.34a	58.66±2.21a	162.27±6.11a	2.77±0.50a	5.87±0.59b
T3	83.33±3.34a	94.44±5.09a	56.30±0.66a	135.11±1.57b	2.40±0.30a	3.33±0.44c

处理编号	发芽势/%	发芽率/%	发芽指数	活力指数	芽长/cm	根长/cm
CK	81.11±5.09a	93.33±3.34a	46.79±1.65b	113.86±4.03c	2.43±0.32a	9.5±0.26a
T1	85.55±3.85a	92.22±3.85a	47.41±2.05b	123.27±5.34bc	2.60±0.20a	6.47±0.64b
T2	85.56±1.93a	93.33±3.34a	58.66±2.21a	162.27±6.11a	2.77±0.50a	5.87±0.59b
T3	83.33±3.34a	94.44±5.09a	56.30±0.66a	135.11±1.57b	2.40±0.30a	3.33±0.44c

处理编号	光合速率(Pn)/[µmol/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率(Tr)/[mmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度(Gs)/[mol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)/(µmol/mol)
CK	12.77±0.94a	4.42±0.07b	0.31±0.012a	305.67±5.03b
T1	13.63±0.19a	6.99±0.35a	0.26±0.010b	273.33±2.08c
T2	8.15±0.55b	4.60±0.25b	0.12±0.017c	284.00±13.53c
T3	5.82±0.24c	3.69±0.17c	0.10±0.010d	358.33±15.04a

处理编号	光合速率(Pn)/[µmol/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率(Tr)/[mmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度(Gs)/[mol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)/(µmol/mol)
CK	12.77±0.94a	4.42±0.07b	0.31±0.012a	305.67±5.03b
T1	13.63±0.19a	6.99±0.35a	0.26±0.010b	273.33±2.08c
T2	8.15±0.55b	4.60±0.25b	0.12±0.017c	284.00±13.53c
T3	5.82±0.24c	3.69±0.17c	0.10±0.010d	358.33±15.04a

	POD	CAT	MDA	可溶性蛋白	可溶性糖
SOD	0.461	-0.005	-0.254	0.953^**	-0.210
POD		-0.784^**	-0.855^**	0.219	-0.884^**
CAT			0.929^**	0.278	0.970^**
MDA				0.022	0.970^**
可溶性蛋白					0.072