Abstract:

This study analyzed the relevant information information breeding and trait big data (http://202.127.42.145/bigdataNew) of 489 pea varieties registered through non major crop varieties from 2017 to 2024. The purpose is to provide reference for pea breeding and production. The results indicate that the sources include 25 provinces, with Yunnan, Sichuan, and Gansu ranking in the top three, accounting for a total of 63.19%. Independent registration of enterprises accounts for 60.12%, while scientific and technological cooperation accounts for only 0.82%. Breeding techniques are dominated by hybrid breeding (57.46%) and systematic selection (38.04%). The average plant height of peas is 108.3 cm, the growth period is 106.1 days, the pod length is 8.59 cm, the pod width is 1.57 cm, the number of seeds per pod is 7.12, the weight of 100 seeds is 25.60 g, and the proportion of large grain varieties is 56.27%. The quality traits showed significant differentiation, with a dry crude protein content of 20.27% and a dry crude starch content of 35.29%, but the proportion of high protein and high starch varieties was only 34.91% and 19.68%, respectively. The disease resistance is mainly moderate resistance to rust disease (55.51%) and moderate resistance to powdery mildew (52.31%). The cold tolerance is moderate, accounting for 74.60%. In the future, policy guidance is needed to optimize the allocation of breeding resources, accelerate the integration of modern biotechnology and traditional breeding, build a collaborative innovation system between industry, academia, and research, strengthen the exploration and utilization of local germplasm resources, cultivate high-yield, high-quality, and multi resistant specialized varieties, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the pea industry towards green, efficient, and diversified directions.

Key words: pea, variety registration, current status analysis, breeding methods, agronomic traits, quality traits, disease resistance, cold tolerance