Influence of Pollination Amount and Stigma Number on Pollination and Fertilization of ‘Fujian Passion Fruit No.1’

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0273

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to scientifically guide the artificial pollination for passion fruit and solve the problem of passion fruit flowers not bearing fruit. The experiment utilized ‘Fujian Passion Fruit No.1’ as the test material to evaluate temporal changes in pollen viability and stigma receptivity across developmental stages. Pollination treatments were designed with three pollen quantities (small: H1, medium: H2, large: H3) and three stigma retention levels (one: Z1, two: Z2, three: Z3). Excess stigmas were excised during manual pollination. Fruit development was quantified by measuring longitudinal and transverse diameters, and the impacts on pollination and fertilization outcomes were statistically analyzed. The pollen viability peaked 1 hour prior to flowering, followed by a continuous decline, with a significant reduction at 2 hours after flowering. Stigma receptivity reached maximal levels 1 hour after flowering and declined sharply at 3 hours after flowering. Fruit development exhibited a positive correlation with pollen quantity: increasing pollen loads resulted in progressive increases in longitudinal (7.22%-10.72%) and transverse (6.82%-13.38%) diameters (H1 vs. H2/H3; P<0.05), alongside a marked reduction in pollination failure rates (H1: 26.67%; H2/H3: 0%). Under medium pollen quantity (H2), fruits with one retained stigma (Z1) displayed severe developmental impairment, with longitudinal and transverse diameters reduced by 24.06%-24.32% and 25.56%-26.29%, respectively, compared to Z2 and Z3 (P<0.05). No significant differences were detected between Z2 and Z3. Pollination and fertilization failure rates for Z1 were 11.8% and 29.4%, respectively, whereas Z2 and Z3 exhibited no such deficiencies. All H1-H3 treatments achieved 100% fertilization success, indicating that visible pollen deposition on stigmas eliminated fertilization failure. The results showed that the optimal pollination conditions for ‘Fujian Passion Fruit No.1’ occur within 1 hour after flowering, and the pollination meets more than 2 stigmas and reaches the medium pollen amount, which can effectively mitigate risks of pollination and fertilization failure.

Key words: pollen amount, stigma number, pollen activity, stigma activity, pollination, fertilization, ‘Fujian Passion Fruit No.1’

DU Lijun, JIANG Li, ZHUANG Wenjing, WANG Pengbo, LIN Xiubao, ZHU Qingqing, LI Yongyu, NIU Xianqian. Influence of Pollination Amount and Stigma Number on Pollination and Fertilization of ‘Fujian Passion Fruit No.1’[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(31): 14-19.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

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处理	花粉量	柱头数量/个
H1	少量	3
H2	中量	3
H3	大量	3
Z1	中量	1
Z2	中量	2
Z3	中量	3
CK	无	3

处理	花粉量	柱头数量/个
H1	少量	3
H2	中量	3
H3	大量	3
Z1	中量	1
Z2	中量	2
Z3	中量	3
CK	无	3

处理	果实纵径/mm	果实横径/mm	授粉不良概率/%	受精不良概率/%	授粉受精不良概率/%
Z1	49.04±2.35b	41.58±2.34b	11.33±1.56b	29.67±3.78a	41.00±5.33b
Z2	64.58±3.16a	56.41±2.56a	0c	0b	0c
Z3	64.80±3.34a	55.86±2.68a	0c	0b	0c
CK	0c	0c	100a	0b	100a

处理	果实纵径/mm	果实横径/mm	授粉不良概率/%	受精不良概率/%	授粉受精不良概率/%
Z1	49.04±2.35b	41.58±2.34b	11.33±1.56b	29.67±3.78a	41.00±5.33b
Z2	64.58±3.16a	56.41±2.56a	0c	0b	0c
Z3	64.80±3.34a	55.86±2.68a	0c	0b	0c
CK	0c	0c	100a	0b	100a