Comparative Study on Diversity of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Communities in Different Medicinal Plants

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0523

Abstract

Abstract:

The research on the rhizosphere microbial interaction mechanism of the main medicinal plants in Yunnan is weak, and there is a lack of multi-species comparative data in the same habitat. To investigate the diversity of microorganisms in the rhizosphere soils of different medicinal plants, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from three medicinal plant species, namely Bletilla striata, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and Polygonatum kingianum, together with soil samples from an uncultivated area. High-throughput sequencing of 16S/ITS rRNA genes was performed to analyze the differences in bacterial and fungal community diversity among these soil samples. The results showed that the microbial community diversity indices of the medicinal plant rhizosphere soils were significantly higher than those of the uncultivated soil. At the bacterial phylum level, there was little variation in the dominant taxa across the four sample groups. The overall relative abundances were ranked as follows: Proteobacteria (32.94%) at the first place, followed by Actinobacteriota (20.16%), Chloroflexi (14.00%), Firmicutes (13.85%), and Acidobacteriota (7.91%). For fungal phyla, the abundance ranking was Ascomycota (70.84%) as the most dominant, followed by Basidiomycota (11.62%), unclassified_k__Fungi (8.41%), Mortierellomycota (4.22%), and Fungi_phy_Incertae_sedis (3.91%). The rhizosphere soils of the three medicinal plants were each enriched with specific beneficial bacterial genera. Among these, Sphingomonas, Nakamurella, and Mortierella exhibited higher relative abundances compared with the uncultivated soil. The study clarified the shaping effect of three medicinal plants on rhizosphere microorganisms, and provided a theoretical basis for green planting of medicinal plants, utilization of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere and regulation of continuous cropping obstacles. Subsequent research and development of microbial agents and field application verification can be carried out.

Key words: medicinal plant, rhizosphere soil, microbial community, diversity, high-throughput sequencing

CLC Number:

S154.36

YANG Yuling, WANG Can, SUN Hongwei, PENG Cuixian, YANG Qingsong, LI Ling, GUO Kaiji, ZHAO Dawei, TAO Yonghong. Comparative Study on Diversity of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Communities in Different Medicinal Plants[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(15): 157-164.

Figures/Tables 7

References 36

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Group	Sample	Bacterial			Fungal
Group	Sample	SeqNum	BaseNum	MeanLen	SeqNum	BaseNum	MeanLen
1	BJ1	55 437	22 998 549	414.86	47 259	11 545 382	244.30
2	BJ2	60 378	25 102 933	415.76	60 892	15 154 968	248.88
3	BJ3	51 708	21 439 846	414.63	63 187	15 543 855	246.00
4	CK1	43 175	18 408 431	426.37	49 133	12 087 721	246.02
5	CK2	41 430	17 653 134	426.10	70 725	17 421 818	246.33
6	CK3	46 150	19 701 264	426.90	75 413	18 416 315	244.21
7	HJ1	61 184	25 329 179	413.98	56 960	15 145 530	265.90
8	HJ2	52 769	21 911 384	415.23	50 722	12 544 694	247.32
9	HJ3	71 272	29 515 050	414.12	58 713	14 789 341	251.89
10	SJ1	57 851	23 967 940	414.30	62 131	15 253 138	245.50
11	SJ2	50 718	21 007 303	414.20	48 938	12 420 015	253.79
12	SJ3	53 953	22 393 230	415.05	50 552	12 609 526	249.44

Group	Sample	Bacterial			Fungal
Group	Sample	SeqNum	BaseNum	MeanLen	SeqNum	BaseNum	MeanLen
1	BJ1	55 437	22 998 549	414.86	47 259	11 545 382	244.30
2	BJ2	60 378	25 102 933	415.76	60 892	15 154 968	248.88
3	BJ3	51 708	21 439 846	414.63	63 187	15 543 855	246.00
4	CK1	43 175	18 408 431	426.37	49 133	12 087 721	246.02
5	CK2	41 430	17 653 134	426.10	70 725	17 421 818	246.33
6	CK3	46 150	19 701 264	426.90	75 413	18 416 315	244.21
7	HJ1	61 184	25 329 179	413.98	56 960	15 145 530	265.90
8	HJ2	52 769	21 911 384	415.23	50 722	12 544 694	247.32
9	HJ3	71 272	29 515 050	414.12	58 713	14 789 341	251.89
10	SJ1	57 851	23 967 940	414.30	62 131	15 253 138	245.50
11	SJ2	50 718	21 007 303	414.20	48 938	12 420 015	253.79
12	SJ3	53 953	22 393 230	415.05	50 552	12 609 526	249.44

处理		ace	chao	shannon	simpson
细菌	CK	396.101±26.623 c	395.677±28.698 c	3.729±0.220 b	0.902±0.016 b
	BJ	2 374.591±124.13 a	2,374.591±118.95 a	7.073±0.251 a	0.998±0.013 a
	HJ	2 496.573±154.77 a	2,469.195±109.23 a	6.960±0.301 a	0.997±0.011 a
	SJ	1 893.688±194.73 b	1,872.626±156.37 b	6.631 ±0.278 a	0.996±0.010 a
真菌	CK	68.823±7.544 c	67.846±7.215 c	1.170±0.125 b	0.418± 0.075 b
	BJ	553.826±52.520 a	554.324±53.761 a	4.493±0.102 a	0.966±0.014 a
	HJ	558.696±60.024 a	558.709 ±61.221 a	4.277±0.261 a	0.949±0.017 a
	SJ	457.011±78.694 b	456.764±43.261 b	4.177±0.201 a	0.949±0.025 a

处理		ace	chao	shannon	simpson
细菌	CK	396.101±26.623 c	395.677±28.698 c	3.729±0.220 b	0.902±0.016 b
	BJ	2 374.591±124.13 a	2,374.591±118.95 a	7.073±0.251 a	0.998±0.013 a
	HJ	2 496.573±154.77 a	2,469.195±109.23 a	6.960±0.301 a	0.997±0.011 a
	SJ	1 893.688±194.73 b	1,872.626±156.37 b	6.631 ±0.278 a	0.996±0.010 a
真菌	CK	68.823±7.544 c	67.846±7.215 c	1.170±0.125 b	0.418± 0.075 b
	BJ	553.826±52.520 a	554.324±53.761 a	4.493±0.102 a	0.966±0.014 a
	HJ	558.696±60.024 a	558.709 ±61.221 a	4.277±0.261 a	0.949±0.017 a
	SJ	457.011±78.694 b	456.764±43.261 b	4.177±0.201 a	0.949±0.025 a