Effects of Arundo donax-based Substrate Substitution on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Accumulation of Volvariella volvacea

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0386

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to identify low-cost and high-quality alternative materials to replace traditional substrates for straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) cultivation, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency, reducing cultivation costs, and increasing farmers’ income. Using Arundo donax as the experimental material, cultivation trials were conducted by incorporating it into the substrate at different mass ratios (0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 99%). The suitability of A. donax as a substrate alternative was evaluated through analyses of straw mushroom growth, economic traits, and nutritional composition. The results demonstrated that a substrate containing 60% A. donax was the most suitable alternative formulation. Under this treatment, mycelial growth (2.40-2.42 cm/d), cropping cycle (18-23 d), commercial traits (mushroom length 4.33-4.83 cm, single mushroom weight 8.79-10.21 g), fresh mushroom yield (535.16-550.42 g/tray), and biological conversion rate (7.64%-7.86%) did not differ significantly from those of the control. When the content of A. donax≥80%, the indexes decreased significantly. Meanwhile, the nutritional quality of straw mushrooms cultivated with this formulation was significantly improved. The protein content reached 29.83 g/100 g, while the contents of essential amino acids, umami amino acids, ash, and crude fiber were 9.43, 12.46, 9.00 and 5.5 g/100 g, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of the control, and the fat content (1.3 g/100 g) was lower than that of CK. It is concluded that A. donax could be used as a high-quality alternative raw material for V. volvacea cultivation matrix, and 60% A. donax+ 39% cottonseed hull+ 1% gypsum is the optimal formula. This formula takes into account the growth, yield and nutritional quality of V. volvacea, and could achieve the dual goals of efficient utilization of resources and cost reduction.

Key words: Volvariella volvacea, Arundo donax, cultivation, substrate, alternative formulation, growth, nutritional composition

WANG Jianhao, PENG Yangyang, WANG Sisi, LIU Haijun, PAN Ziheng, LI Xinyang, HE Huanqing, XU Jiang, XIAO Zitian, LIAO Nan, LIU Ming. Effects of Arundo donax-based Substrate Substitution on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Accumulation of Volvariella volvacea[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(7): 85-91.

Figures/Tables 9

References 25

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配方编号	芦竹含量/%	菌丝状态	平均生长速度/(cm/d)	满管时间/d
CK	0	＋＋＋＋	2.21±0.23ab	7.00
A	20	＋＋＋＋	2.40±0.21a	7.00
B	40	＋＋＋＋	2.41±0.19a	6.66
C	50	＋＋＋＋	2.42±0.20a	6.66
D	60	＋＋＋＋	2.40±0.04a	6.33
E	80	＋＋＋	2.46±0.04a	6.33
F	99	＋＋	1.88±0.27b	7.66

配方编号	芦竹含量/%	菌丝状态	平均生长速度/(cm/d)	满管时间/d
CK	0	＋＋＋＋	2.21±0.23ab	7.00
A	20	＋＋＋＋	2.40±0.21a	7.00
B	40	＋＋＋＋	2.41±0.19a	6.66
C	50	＋＋＋＋	2.42±0.20a	6.66
D	60	＋＋＋＋	2.40±0.04a	6.33
E	80	＋＋＋	2.46±0.04a	6.33
F	99	＋＋	1.88±0.27b	7.66

配方编号	芦竹含量/%	菌丝培养时间/d	菌丝长势	菌丝形态	原基出现时间/d	采收天数/d	完全生长周期/d
CK	0	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
A	20	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
B	40	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
C	50	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	4~6	18~24
D	60	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
E	80	4	＋＋	洁白略稀疏	4	4~7	19~25
F	99	4	＋＋	洁白略透明	4	4~7	19~25

配方编号	芦竹含量/%	菌丝培养时间/d	菌丝长势	菌丝形态	原基出现时间/d	采收天数/d	完全生长周期/d
CK	0	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
A	20	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
B	40	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
C	50	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	4~6	18~24
D	60	4	＋＋＋	洁白	4	3~6	18~23
E	80	4	＋＋	洁白略稀疏	4	4~7	19~25
F	99	4	＋＋	洁白略透明	4	4~7	19~25

配方编号	芦竹含量/%	菇形	菇长/cm	直径/cm	单菇重/g
CK	0	长椭圆形	4.83±0.49a	3.01±0.21a	10.21±3.00a
A	20	长椭圆形	4.44±0.34a	2.81±0.33a	9.07±1.46a
B	40	长椭圆形	4.33±0.41a	3.00±0.44a	9.10±0.87a
C	50	长椭圆形	4.70±0.13a	2.82±0.37a	8.80±0.79a
D	60	长椭圆形	4.81±0.72a	2.97±0.53a	8.79±1.37a
E	80	长椭圆形	4.23±0.50a	2.81±0.38a	8.78±0.578a
F	99	长椭圆形	4.78±0.43a	2.22±0.20a	7.51±2.11a