Abstract: The comparative advantage of maize production in Jilin province is analyzed based on the sow area index ,unit yield index and benefit index in this paper．The results show that there are obvious comparative advantage in sow area index and unit yield index ,compared with the other provinces in China，the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the third in China；there is comparative advantage of benefit index compared with the average of the whole countries．However, there is not comparative advantage compared with the preponderant provinces in China，the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the twelfth in China；there is obvious comprehensive comparative advantage in Jilin provincial maize production ,the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the fourth in China．On the basis of the above，we put forward the countermeasures to develop maize production in Jilin province．