Current issue

• 2005 Vol.21 No.3 Published:05 March 2005

  目次

  Recombinant Marker Vaccine of Classical Swine Fever virus C Strain Zhang Miaotao, Zhang Yanming, Li Puhua 2005, 21 (3):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1263 )   The infective clone of classical swine fever virus C strain was used as a skeleton. GP5 gene was used as a marker and was inserted into the infective cDNA clone. After in vitro transcription and transfection of SK6 cell, the recombinant sequence containing GP5 was detected. The results indicated that the GP5 gene was stably insert in the genome of CSFV. The recombinant virus of C strain can be possibly used as a marker vaccine.

  Expression E2 gene of Classical Swine Fever in Mammalian Cell Zhang Yongguo, Zhang Yanming, Sun Pei, Guo Kangkang, Wei Zhongfeng, Wang Jingyu, Ni Bin 2005, 21 (3):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1713 )   The major structure protein E2 gene of Classical swine fever was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).After the amplified fragments were cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector PEGPF-C1,the recombinant plasmids PEGPF-E2 were obtained. The insert position, the size and the reading frame were right by PCR, restriction digestion and the sequence analysis. The positive plasmids was transducted by liposome into PK-15 cell which origin from pig kidney. PCR indicated that E2 gene was in positive cell clone which selection by G418.Fusion protein expression observated by inverted fluorescence microscope. Classical Swine Fever Virus Antigen Test Kit detection indicated that express fusion protein is E2 gene code protein.

  Construction of CSFV E2 Envelope Protein Gene Vaccine and Animal Immune Experiment Xu Xingang, Hu Jianhe, Zhang Yanming 2005, 21 (3):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   CSFV gene vaccine was constructed by inserting full-length cDNA of CSFV Shimen strain E2 gene into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA4.0. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into eukaryotic cells 293T by calcium phosphate transfection method and transient expressive E2 envelope protein was analyzed by FACS. BALB/c mice were intramuscular injection with the recombinant plasmid. Anti-CSFV E2 antibody was screened by FACS and ELISA. The results showed that CSFV E2 protein was expressed transciently in 293T cells. Specific anti-E2 antibody could be detected in DNA immune mouse serum by FACS and ELISA..

  Polymorphisms of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Gene and Its Associations with Several Carcass Traits in Luxi and Jinnan Cattle Dang Ruihua,Wei Wuchuan,Chen Hong,, Lan Xianyong, Hu Shenrong, Su Lihong 2005, 21 (3):  19-19.  Abstract + ( 1743 )   PCR-RFLP technique was used to analyze the relationship between the polymorphisms of IGFBP3 gene and beef performance in 24 Luxi cattles and 19 Jinnan cattles. The results showed that there were polymorphisms in this locus, but only AA and AB genotypes. The genotype frequencies were 0.875/0.125 and 0.895/0.105 respectively. A and B gene frequencies were 0.938/ 0.062 and 0.948/0.052 respectively. Correlations between IGFBP3 genotypes and 19 beef performances were analyzed, and other indexes of individuals with genotypes AB were higher than those of AA except carcass depth, daily gain, net meat percentage, dressing percentage in Luxi cattle, which had no significant difference; While other indexes of individuals with genotypes AA were higher than those of AB except dressing percentage, bone weight, backfat thickness, carcass chest depth, ham girth, ham width, ham length, loin meat thickness in Jinnan cattle, which were insignificant.

  Effect of Enucleation Time on Nuclear Transfer with Cumulus Cells in Mouse Cao Hongguo, Zhang Mingfeng, Zhang Yong 2005, 21 (3):  23-23.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   Mice oocytes were enucleated during 14~16, 16~18, 18~20 and 20~22 h apart after injected hCG (Human Chorionic Gondaotropin, hCG), so as to research effect on mice somatic cell nucear transfer about enucleation time. Results show that encleation rate of mice oocytes was 80.09 %(338/422), 73.12 %(283 / 387), 55.02 %(230/418), and 48.74 %(193/396) respectively; Activation rate of embryos reconstructed was 66.20 %(190/287), 75.43 %(175 /232), 84.78 %(156/184), 85.14 %(126/148) apart; Blastocyst rate of embryos reconstructed was 13.94 %(40/287), 7.33 %(17/232), 3.80 %(7/184) and 1.35 %(2/148) respectively. It is indicated that enucleation time of mice oocytes is good during 14~16 h after injected hCG.

  Study on Prevention and Treatment about Dairy Cow's Recessive Mastitis with“Ruyanning” Cong Rihua, Zhang Miaotao, Zhang Xiaocheng, Zan Linsen 2005, 21 (3):  27-27.  Abstract + ( 1448 )   The cow suffers were diagnosed from Hostein cows through determination of subclinicle mastitis diagnosing liquid and SCC (Somatic cell count), using “Ruyanning” provided by Yangling Lefure company in the experiment. Then 14 cows, which had similar ages, embryo times, childbirth time and day milk yield, were averagely distributed the test group and the control group. Moreover 7 cows from the other health cows, which had similar ages, embryo times, childbirth time and day milk yield, were made health group. After March 7, the test group were put the drug on the udders twice each day (in the morning and the evening), and the control group weren't put the drug. After a week, suffers were determined by BMT recessive mastitis, and surveyed SCC and milk composition. The result showed that SCC reduced significantly, and change rate was 67.3 percent (P<0.01), and that 79.8 percent recessive mastitis transform negative. Therefore, “Ruyanning” have significant treatment efficacy on recessive mastitis.

  Comparison to Isolation of Mouse ES Cells With LIF Media and Cardiomyocyte Media Conditioned Liu Junping ,, Cao Hongguo , An Zhixing , Zhang Yong 2005, 21 (3):  30-30.  Abstract + ( 1311 )   By comparing the difference between LIF media conditioned and rat cardiomyocyte media conditioned during isolation and culture of mouse ES cell, suitable media is selected in the future. Mouse embryos of 3.5 d were collected, cocultured with mouse fetal fibroblasts as feeder layer. According to the difference of ES cell media, mouse embryos were divided into two groups, one with LIF media, other with cardiomyocyte media conditioned. Results showed that isolation rate of ICM with cardiomyocyte media conditioned was 76.30 %, LIF media 59.35 %, and difference between two media was significant (p＜0.01). Isolation of mouse ICM with LIF media was earlier than that with cardiomyocyte media conditioned, and difference between two medias were 11, 11, 12, 10 and 12 h respectively, mean difference was 11.2 h. Differentiation rate of ES cell masses of 48th h with cardiomyocyte media conditioned was 51.55 %, LIF media was 31.69 %, and difference between two medias was significant (p＜0.05). In addition, Normal karyotype rate of mouse ES cell with cardiomyocyte media conditioned 78.6 % was slightly higher than that with LIF media 76 %, but difference was not significant.

  Discussion on Research of Crop Simulation Technology and its Countermeasures Sun Chengming, Wang Yulong 2005, 21 (3):  31-31.  Abstract + ( 1207 )   Crop simulation technology is a new research field in agricultural science today. On the basis of summarizing the current research situation of crop simulation technology in home and foreign, the paper dissertates some main problems of crop simulation research and model applications, and makes a further discussion on the development countermeasures of crop simulation technology.

  The Effect of Genital Mucosal Immune of PRRSV Attenuated Vaccine and Disactived Vaccine Jin Guangming, Wang Jue, Ning Kangjian, Lv Jinfang Li Shenghe, Ying Ruhai 2005, 21 (3):  34-34.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   The Effect of mucosal immune of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) attenuated and disactived vaccine was investigated by histological method. 18 sow of 5 month age in Landrace×large Yorkshire two-way crossbred were selected. PRRSV attenuated and disactived vaccine has been immunized by genital mucosal. the results of shows that the number of intraepithelial lymphocyte in uterus mucosal of PRRSV attenuated vaccine significantly decreased than that of disactived vaccine and control group (P＜0.01＝. Epithelial of uterus mucosal were lower and regulator than control group and disactived vaccine. the number of intraepithelial lymphocyte in uterus mucosal of PRRSV disactived vaccine genital immune group weren’t significantly difference than that of control group (P＞0.05). The results of showed that the lymphocyte number be suppressed by genital immune group. our result showed that were immunized by genital mucosal in PRRSV attenuated vaccine and disactived vaccine were ideal.

  Sequence Analysis of Dmrt Genes in Gallus gallus.Domesticus Pu Youguang, Peng Qiaoling, Nie Liuwang 2005, 21 (3):  41-41.  Abstract + ( 1639 )   Dmrt gene constitute a new gene family related to sex-determination.They encoded transcription factors characterized by a conserved zinc finger-like DNA-binding motif,the DM domain.In this paper,degenerate PCR was used to amplify the DM domains of Dmrt genes in Gallus gallua.Domesticus.Then,two different Dmrt genes were obtained and named as GdDmrt2,GdDmrt5.The results indicated that Dmrt genes were highly conservative in phylogeny and have several members.

  The Pig Transfer Factor Effects on Proliferation of Canine Lymphocytes Kong Qingbo,, Li Jia, Cong Liyuan, Chen Dekun, Zhang Yanming 2005, 21 (3):  48-48.  Abstract + ( 1541 )   Pick-off blood with anticoagulant aseptically and the lymphocytes were isolated. Effects of FCS，PBMC，PHA-P of different concentration on promote lymphocytes proliferation were tested by orthogonal test. On the base of the best level combination, different concentration pig TF was investigated to detect its effect on the activation of lymphocytes by MTT essay. The result of experiment demonstrate that the best levels combination of canine lymphocyte，PHA-P, calf blood serum were 2.5×106 unit/ml，6.25 μg/ml，10% respectively. Under this optimum cultural condition, the lymphocytes remarkable proliferated between 0.195~25mg/ml of the pig TF，and the best stimulate concentration of the pig TF only or it with PHA-P is 1.56mg/mL. Furthermore, it is confirmed that lymphocytes developed by the pig TF single was much better than it cooperated with PHA-P. The results confirm that the difficult race TF’s effect was obvious and provides a basis for further application on the difficult race TF preventing and curing canine’s virus disease.

  Determination and Analysis of Serum Boron Concentration of Cattle in Part Areas of Anhui Gu Youfang, Liu Xiaocheng, Liu Deyi, Shang Changfa, Chen Huiliang, Liu Hua, Zhu zhenping 2005, 21 (3):  52-52.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   Linquan, Lujiang, Bengbu and Huangshan city were selected. Serum in cattle of different breeds, different sex, and different age were sampled from Linquan County, Lujiang county, dairy cow ground of Bengbu city and Huangshan city. The concentration of boron in serum was determined by curcuma colorimetry, and the result was analyzed by statistics method. Results showed that the concentration of boron in serum of cattle in Linquan county, Lujiang county, dairy cow ground of Bengbu city and Huangshan city was reduced in proper order. There was a extremely notable difference (P<0.01) of the concentration of boron in serum of cattle among Linquan conty and Lujiang county, dairy cow ground of Bengbu city and Huangshan city. There was no remarkable difference (P>0.05) of the concentration of boron in serum of cattle in Lujiang county, dairy cow ground of Bengbu city and Huangshan city. The boron concentration of different breed’s cattle was compared and the boron concentration of cattle, water buffalo and dairy cow was reduced in proper order. There was a significant difference (P<0.01) of serum boron between cattle and water buffalo, dairy cow, no remarkable difference (P>0.05) of serum boron between water buffalo and dairy cow. The serum boron concentration of male water buffalo was higher than that of female, but no notable difference (P>0.05).

  Study on the effect of fertilizer mode applied on output of alfalfa in dryland farming of south part of Ningxia Sun zhaomin, Shang Aijun, Yang Shiqi, Jia Zhikuan, Han Qingfang, Ding Ruixia, Chai Ping 2005, 21 (3):  54-54.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   the south part of Ningxia is the not enough development area in china. the environment is terribly asperity. Since the comprehensive development of western in china, the manpower grassland of clover blossom has gained marked achievement. It was a strategic problem how to increase the output of alfalfa. Based on the study of different fertilizer mode, discussed the fertilizer skill of alfalfa in the south part of Ningxia. A fertilizer mode project in order this area has been put forward. under 400mm precipitation, high efficiency grassland farming can be realized in the some level of fertilization.

  Nucleic Acid Vaccine Current Situation Ao Pingxing, Weng Yinbiao, Zhao Ru,Gao Hong, Ao Chengzhuo 2005, 21 (3):  58-58.  Abstract + ( 1288 )   The nucleic acid vaccine has already displayed the strong superiority and vitalities, it develops the foreground huge. Along with the continuously go deep into of the research, the function mechanism of the nucleic acid vaccine also at was constantly clarified. The choice of the outside source purpose gene, the choice of the carrier and the preparative disposal of inoculated organization etc. are all main factors that affects the nucleic acid vaccine to express in the body. Because the nucleic acid vaccine has the advantage that the normal regulations vaccine have no, but the nucleic acid vaccine also exists some problems that didn’t resolve yet. At the same time,. Improve to the nucleic acid vaccine continuously along with the people, we believe that the nucleic acid vaccine will operate the more important function not only under the gene treatment but also under medical in the disease.

  Current Knowledge of Campylobacter Jejuni Chen Xiaoying, Xu Zizhong, Gao Hong, Hua Qunyi, Zhou Xiaoli 2005, 21 (3):  61-61.  Abstract + ( 1544 )   Campylobacter jejuni is a pathogenic bacterium .It infects human ,domestic animals and poultry ,causes symptoms of fever, diarrhea and acute enteritis .This article does a comprehension introduction current knowledge of Campylobacter jejuni include biologic characteristics ,cytotonic enterotoxin ,carriage rates and epidemic ,etc.

  Study on Transformation of the Pinellia Tenata Agglutinin(pta)Gene and Waxy Antisense Gene into Rice Mediated by Agrobacterium Zou Liang-Ping, Qi Deng-Feng, Li Ping, Wang Shi-Quan, Li Shuang-Cheng, Jiang Hong 2005, 21 (3):  64-64.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   The pCAMBIA1304 vector that carried multi-gene(hygromycin gene、waxy antisense gene、pta gene、GFP and GUS genes)was transforred into calli which were derived from immature embryos of three rice varieties(japonica rice NO.9 of zhonghua and ribenqing and indica rice 501)by agrobacterium tumefaciens. These calli were respectively cultived on selective media which containing 65 mg/L, 45 mg/L and 35 mg/L hygromycin and obtained resistant calli. Ninety-two positive transgenic plants(forty-three NO.9 of zhonghua、forty-five ribenqing and four 501)were identified by PCR from 415 T0 regeneration plants. Southern blotting assay for these transgenic progenies indicated that the pta gene and waxy antisense gene have been successfully introduced and integrated into the genome of the receptors. The phynotype of great majority transgenic progenies was normal.The amylase content in the endosperm of mature seeds from some T1 transgenic plants was measured and the results showed that the amylase content in some grains reduced .The lowest was reduced to 6.3%, which was 9.8% lower than that of the untransfored grains.

  Study on Biological Effects of Low Energy Ar+ Ions Implantation in Dian Dian Hong Liang Qiuxia, Cao Gangqian, Huang Qunce, Qin Guangyong , Ma Qingrong 2005, 21 (3):  70-70.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   In this study，We choose Dian dian hong as materials to study the biological effect of low energy Ar+ Ions implantation。The relationships between the materials of the budding rate and the survival rate and the irradiated dosages of low energy Ar+ Ions implantation are explored. Further more, we measure the activity of peroxidase isozyme and the kind of peroxidase isozymes and esterase isozyme in leaves of dian dian hong after implantation by low energy Ar+ Ions. The results improve that different mutation dosages of Ar+ Ions implantation can all make dissociation in the materials of budding rate and the survival rate and their growth and development in each step. Between the dosage of 1×1017Ar+/cm2 and 3×1017Ar+/cm2 the budding rate curve of Dian Dian Hong could take a “saddle pattern” with the increased Ar+ Ions implanting dosage. The survival rate takes the similar change regulation with the budding rate, but has lower amplitude. With Ar+ Ions impanted in low dose, the activity of peroxidase isozymes increase along the Ar+ Ions implanting dosage, but when Ar+ Ions are implanted in higher dose, the peroxidase activity decrease. The band of isozymes suggest that POD increase one band in the dosage of 2.5×1017Ar+/cm2 and 3×1017Ar+/cm2, but these lose in the dosage of 1.5×1017Ar+/cm2 and 3×1017Ar+/cm2 ; the amount of Est bands increase in the dosage of 1.5×1017Ar+/cm2 and 3×1017Ar+/cm2.

  Research Progress on the Tip Meristem Culture of Sweet Potato Zhang Yaqiong, Guo Huachun 2005, 21 (3):  74-74.  Abstract + ( 1719 )   The article Overviews the principles, methods, the effect factors of the tip meristem culture of sweet potatoes and its research progress, and points out the problem that it is unknown widely, its composition of culture medium is different because of varietal difference，virus infects sweet potatoes again and production cost is high . And development foregrounds is that propagation coefficient of the tip meristem culture is high and the range of increasing in yield is clear.

  Construction of Subtracted cDNA Library of Malus xiaojinensis with Suppression Subtractive Hybridization and Their Quality Analysis Zhang Yugang, Xu Xuefeng, Li Tianzhong Han Zhenhai, 2005, 21 (3):  77-77.  Abstract + ( 1537 )   Construction of subtracted cDNA library of Malus xiaojinensis is the base of screening and cloning genes under Fe-deficiency stress. Using LD-PCR technique, cDNA was synthesized from total RNA of Malus xiaojinensis roots treated under Fe-deficiency stress(EDTA-Fe2＋，4μmol/L)which was used as tester and Fe-sufficiency(EDTA-Fe2＋，40μmol/L)as driver. A subtracted cDNA Library was constructed using suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH). After two hybridizations and two suppression PCRs, the amplified library contained 1200 positive clones. Plasmid inserts were PCR amplified and showed 300~800bp inserts. There is the same result with RsaⅠdigestion of plasmid

  Study on Decrease of Vitrification in Subculture of Carnation Huang Yuxiang, Li Zhangting, Zhang Xiaogeng 2005, 21 (3):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1570 )   Vitrification is the main obstacle in subculture of carnation plantlets in vitro, which were induced from shoot tips. The effective way to decrease vitrification is to increase the concentration of sucrose and agar in the medium, to improve luminosity, and to decrease the concentration of cell devision hormone. However, this way has little effect on some of red-colored species, which have a high vitrification frequency of over 61% in subculture.

  Ploidy-estimating and Transplanting of regenerated-plants derived from microspore culture of maize Lu Ruiju, Wang Yifei, Sun Yuefang, Zhou Runmei, Huang Jianhua 2005, 21 (3):  84-84.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   The vigor and rooting of plantlets derived from microspore culture of maize could be obviously improved by adding 1.0mg/L IBA, 0.05mg/L NAA, 1mg/l MET to rooting medium. The transplanting survival rate of plantlets could be increased to 90% through the procedure of hardening plantlets for 24~48h, growing of 5~7d with medium of perlit or vermiculite and then transplanting them to soil supplemented with 1/3 chicken excrement thoroughly decomposed. The survived plants with deep grown color-leaves and vigor roots could grow strongly in the field. The method for measurement of the length of stoma guard cell was proved to be a simple way of estimating ploidy of the regenerated plants.

  Process of Studies on Hormone Controlling Plant Apical Dominance Liu Yinghui, Yuan Jincheng, Kang Yanhong 2005, 21 (3):  86-86.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   Genetic and mutant studies indicate that the apical dominance of plant was controlled by hormone. Auxin and cytokinin interacted with axillary bud outgrowth or reproductive development. The auxin inhibition of bud outgrowth in decapitated plants while cytokinin initiation the bud outgrowth, the ratio of the two was more important in plant architecture development. Further studies showed the other hormone such as ABA,GA also have some affection on the axillary bud growth, the phenotype of apical dominance was interaction among genotype, hormone and plant development stage.

  Researching on tea pollution track in Chongqing Huang Yun, Liu Guangde, Li Qilin, Zhao Zhongjin, Chen Jingchun 2005, 21 (3):  90-90.  Abstract + ( 1569 )   The soil environment quality of investigating area accords with NY/T 391-2000 Environmental technical terms for green food production area, 75% of the soil samples accord with NY 5199-2002 Environmental terms for organic tea production area standard，BHC and DDT aren’t detected in these soil samples, Environment quality of tea production area is very good. By detecting BHC, DDT, Cu, Pb in the tea samples, estimating with NY 5017―2001 No social effects of pollution food Tea standard, 0 % of fresh tea samples doesn’t accord with the standard, 11% of finished product tea samples doesn’t accord with the standard, the pollutant is Cu. Estimating with NY 5196―2002 organic tea standard, 95.2% of fresh tea samples doesn’t accord with the standard, the pollutants are BHC and Pb in the tea samples, percentage of the tea samples which BHC is detected out in is 95.2, percentage of the tea samples which content of Pb doesn’t accord with the standard is 9.5. 100% of finished product tea samples doesn’t accord with the standard, percentage of the tea samples which BHC is detected out in is 89, percentage of the tea samples which content of Cu doesn’t accord with the standard in is 61, percentage of the tea samples which content of Pb don’t accord with the standard in is 50. Pesticide irrationality use in production is the main cause of BHC being detected out in finished product tea samples; uncleanness machining is the main cause of content of Cu and Pb being not according with the standard in finished product tea samples.

  Biological Characteristics of Three Species of Aspergillus Causing Mildew of Store Tobacco Huang Fuxin, Zhu Guining, , Yan Weihong, Huang Shiliang Zhou Xinghua, Tang Yuxin, Lao Daohui 2005, 21 (3):  93-93.  Abstract + ( 1643 )   Effects of temperature, moisture, pH and culture media on the growth of Aspergillus tamarii Kita, Eurotium repens de Bary and Eurotium chevalieri Mangin, which cause mildew of store tobacco, were studied. For the growth of A. tamarii, E. repens and E. chevalieri, the range of temperature were 16~43℃, 13~31℃ and 16~37℃, and the optimum were 22~34℃, 22~28℃ and 22~31℃ respectively. Moisture was the most important factor for the growth of these fungi. E. repens and E. chevalieri started to grow slowly when the relative humidity reached 75%, while A. tamarii started to grow when the relative humidity reached 82%, and the higher the moisture was, the faster the growth of these fungi became. All of them have wide adaptability to pH, they could grow even at pH 2.5. A. tamarii grew fast on artificial media, while E. repens and E. chevalieri grew very slowly, but all of them grew fast on natural tobacco leaves media. The lethal temperature for A. tamarii was 60℃ remaining 20 minutes or 65℃ remaining 10 minutes， while for E. repens was 65℃ remaining 30 minutes or 70℃ remaining 5 minutes and for E. chevalieri was 70℃ remaining 15 minutes.

  Review of the Application of Functional Food against Cancer Chen Donghai, Ouyang Hong 2005, 21 (3):  98-98.  Abstract + ( 1580 )   It is called of functional foods that should be capable of providing additional physiological benefit, such as preventing or delaying onset of chronic diseases, as well as meeting basic nutritional requirements. Some of the most exciting research in the last decade has been the discovery of a group of nutrients, which have protective effects against cell oxidation. These compounds of fruits and vegetables act as antioxidants in the body by scavenging harmful free radicals, which are implicated in most degenerative diseases. It seems that functional foods will be wildly used against cancer.

  The Store and Process of Soybean Ge Xiuxiu, Zhang Shuzhen, Liu YuePing 2005, 21 (3):  103-103.  Abstract + ( 1650 )   Soybean produces are one of traditional food for Chinese. Soybean could reduce cholesterin, prevent cardiopathy and cancer, resist arteriosclerosis and caducity, reduce blood pressure etc, so people all over the world paid attention to the store and process of soybean. This paper analyzed the developing direction for the store and process of soybean and compared the gap in this between China and developed countries, accordingly made initiative orientation for scientific research and developed our traditional soybean dietetic culture.

  Progress of Studies on Triterpene Saponins Compounds of Medicago He Chunnian, Gao Weiwei, Tong Jianming 2005, 21 (3):  107-107.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   A review with many refs. is given on the occurrence and distribution of saponins in Medicago, the result show about 60 saponins compounds in Medicago, and all these compounds were oleanane triterpene saponins. The biol. actitivty of Medicago saponins such as hemolysis, antifungal activity, membrane activity, and toxicity of zanhic acid tridesmoside for animals were described.

  The Entropy of a Pair Alleles Population in Mating of Homologous Phenotypes Zhang Hongli,, Guo Mancai, Wang Libo, Liu Lu, Yuan Zhifa 2005, 21 (3):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1261 )   This paper studies genotypes entropy and gametes’ mutual information of a pair alleles population in mating of homologous phenotypes. In mating of homologous phenotypes, the genotypes entropy of a pair alleles population is monotonically decreasing by generation number from the beginning of equilibrium of random mating. The decrease of genotypes entropy becomes slower and slower, and finally tends to zero. With the decrease of genotype entropy, the genetic diversity degree of population also decreases. In mating of homologous phenotypes, the gametes’ mutual information of a pair alleles population is monotonically increasing by generation number from the beginning of equilibrium random mating. The increase of mutual information becomes slower and slower, finally tends to zero. The increase of gametes’ mutual information shows that passed information between gametes becomes more and more, and that the fact is better reflected by information coefficient of mating of homologous phenotypes. At last, the conclusions are tested by computer imitation.

  Studies of Farinogram Parameters on Wheat Cultivars of Shaanxi Province Pei Awei, Wang Yi, Li Shuobi, Pang Hongxi, DongJian, Du Lianmeng 2005, 21 (3):  116-116.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   This paper studies the variability, correlation coefficient and regression coefficient between farinogram parameters on three types wheat cultivars of Shaanxi Province in different location and different years. The results shows: the variability of Development Time, Stable Time, Softening of Dough and Farinogram Quality Number is absolutely higher than Valorimeter Value, and Valorimeter Value is absolutely higher than Water Absorption; the variability of the same farinogram parameters is different among cultivars; the variability of the different farinogram parameters of several cultivars is rather high in different locations and different years, but it isn’t at variation significance levels ;most of the correlation coefficient and regression coefficient between the farinogram parameters reach absolutely significance levels .From above on ,we may get a conclusion which farinogram parameters is decided by genetic factors.

  Genotype and Environment Effects on Dough Rheological Characteristics Deng Zhiying, Tian Jichun, Sun Cailing, Zhang Yongxiang, Hu Ruibo 2005, 21 (3):  119-119.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   The effects of wheat cultivars, environments and their interactions on dough rheological characteristics tested by mixograph and texture instrument were studied with the experiment of 3 varieties in 8 locations. The results indicated that genotype, environment and their cooperation all had significant influence on mixogram parameters and dough extensogram and stickness. From mean square values of analysis variance, there was genotype > environment > G×E. The rheological characteristics of cultivars named Jimai20 appeared very good, and so did Yantai location. The analysis of correlations indicated that strong significant negative correlations were observed between dough stickness and max resistance, R/E, peak time, peak area and 8 min band width, but there was significant positive correlation between dough stickness and extensibility. In addition, max extenso-resistance had significantly positive correlation with peak time, peak area and 8 min band width. So when evaluating the quality, dough stickness tested by texture instrument was used to evaluate dough quality quickly.

  Analysis of Rotational Regression on Yield Constitute Factors of the Rape In Different Nitrogen and Density Ai Fuqing, Li Gaizheng 2005, 21 (3):  123-123.  Abstract + ( 1422 )   Using quadratic rotational regression combination design to study the influence on yield constitute factors in different nitrogen and density of the rape, the result showed that the influence of density and nitrogen on active silique per plant were significant but the quantity and weight of seed, while the influence of density was higher than that of nitrogen. The result also gave the best combination of density and nitrogen to the active silique per plant.

  Market Licorice Seed Quality Analysis Sun Qun, Tong Hanwen, Yang Ligang, Sun Baoqi, Wang Jianhua 2005, 21 (3):  127-127.  Abstract + ( 1458 )   Licorice (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis F.) is one of the Chinese herbs used in the largest scale, with the drug effect of supplementing qi, clearing away heat and toxic material, harmonizing other medicines and so on. In addition, it has important ecological and industrial value. However, due to predatorily digging roots for a long time, the wild licorice resources are facing with exhausting. The cultivated area of licorice is bigger and bigger, good quality seeds are essential to get good quality medicinal materials. We investigated the market seeds from 10 different areas on cleanliness, germination rate, thousand-grain weight, seed diameter, and hard seeds percentage, moldy seeds percentage. The results indicated: The thousand-grain weight, seed diameter of the seeds from Neimenggu province and Ningxia province are significantly greater than that from Xinjiang province. The cleanliness, germination rate, hard seeds percentage and moldy seeds percentage of seeds from different areas are varied in a large range. Without package, declaration, almost all the seeds were not treated to break the dormancy. The quality grading and testing rules of licorice seeds are suggested to be established as soon as possible.

  The plant species diversity of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve Hu Zhenghua ，Yu Mingjian , Suo Fuxi 2005, 21 (3):  134-134.  Abstract + ( 1428 )   The vegetation data of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve are used as the information for analyses of flora and species diversity. There are 64 families, 114 genera and 198 species, including 7 families, 8 genera and 19 species of peridophyte, 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species of gymnosperme, 55 families, 104 genera and 177 species of angiospermae. The floristicelements are complex, and the total of tropical distribution type amounts to 50.94 %. The species diversity of different communities are different, it of Castanopsis forgesii forest numbers first, and it of Castanopsis eyrei- Schima superba forest is the smallest. In the vertical structure of community, the species diversity is the highest on shrub layer, and decreases from shrub, tree layer to herb layer. The species diversity index between the tree layer and the shrub layer has no significant difference, the species richness and species diversity index of the tree and shrub layer are obviously bigger than those of the herb layer.

  Estimating Forest Carbon Storage and Carbon Density at Huoditang Forestry Region in the Qinling Mountains Liu Hua, Lei Ruide 2005, 21 (3):  138-138.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   Huoditang Forestry Region is on south-facing slope at mid-mountain zones of Qinling Mountains lies in the transition zone form warm temperate to subtropical. There were rich plant species that have distinct elevation steepness characteristic in spatial distribution, and most of them were secondary forests. Accurately estimating forest carbon storage plays an important role in study of national or global carbon budget. In this article, use biomass regression equation of five main forest-types at the Huoditang forestry region to calculate carbon storage and carbon density of these forests, and use GIS computer software Citystar (4.0) to analyze the spatial distribution of forests, carbon storage and carbon density in this area. The results showed that the distribution of forests have different characteristics in different elevation. Pinus armandii and Betula albo-sinensis distributed in all area, and Quercus aliena var. acuteserrat and Pinus tabulaeformis distributed at lower mountain belt. Carbon storage of and Betula albo-sinensis were higher than other three types. Mean carbon density of Larix princepisrupprechtii was highest, Betula albo-sinensis and Quercus aliena var. acuteserrat took second place and the value were almost equal, and Pinus armandii and P. tabulaeformis took third place and the value were almost equal. The spatial distribution of carbon storage and carbon density of forests was consistent with elevation.

  Selective Breeding of High-yield and Drought-resistant Soybean Variety---Jinda53 Examined and Approved by country Du Weijun, Li Guiquan, Yue Aiqin, Yang Wancang, Guo Xianrong, Cheng Shunhua 2005, 21 (3):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1616 )   New soybean variety Jinda 53 is family-seed-selected through sexual hybridization with nice hybrid descendent from Jin-dou No.371 ×Jin-dou No.17 by Soybean Research center of Shanxi Agricultural University in 1987.The variety is characterized by high -yield, drought-resistance, resistance to SMV, and superior systematic traits. It has been examined and approved by country in 2001.

  Research on the Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Typical Maize Inbreds Xiang Chunyang,, Tian Xiuping, Yang Kejun, Dong Bingyou 2005, 21 (3):  146-146.  Abstract + ( 1591 )   The nitrogen (N) absorption, N utilization and some characters relationship with N use efficiency was studied on eight maize inbreds. The results were as follows: significant difference existed among inbred lines in yield, biomass and N accumulation amount. Correlation between NUE and characters of inbred lines were analyzed. The resulted showed that in choosing inbred lines, the following traits should be included, higher chlorophyll content and big area of ear leaf at heading period, higher N content of grain and harvest index at low N, and the big biomass at heading period and maturity at high N. Path analysis showed that the direct effect of N uptake and N utilization contributed to NUE was bigger than indirect effect of that. The direct effect of N uptake efficiency was bigger than the direct effect of N utilization efficiency at three applications N and uptake was more effectively at low N. The direct of utilization to NUE was gradually strengthened along with increasing N fertilizer. Both N uptake and utilization efficiency affected the inbred variations for grain yields at N2 and N3 treatment, and N uptake was the main influencing factor. While only N uptake was the mail-influencing factor at high N (N4) treatment.

  Nutrients uptake and pests and diseases control of crops in intercropping system Xiao Jingxiu, Zheng Yi 2005, 21 (3):  150-150.  Abstract + ( 1847 )   Rational intercropping can improve crop yields and decrease occurrence of pests and diseases. The article introduced the crop nutrition and soil nutrients in intercropping system, and the effect of intercropping on soil fertility. And the relationship between mineral nutrients and plant diseases and pests was reviewed in the paper. At last the suggestion of pay more attention to the relationship of mineral nutrients and pests and diseases control in intercropping system in future study was advanced.

  Effects of High Temperature on Seed Setting Rate and Yield and Its Defense Technique in Single-cropping Late Rice Liu Yunkai, Xia Shengping, Luo Xianfu, Li Wenzhong 2005, 21 (3):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   In order to find the best sowing date of single-cropping late rice in Hunan, and to avoid high temperature harm to rice in pollen mother cell meiosis stage and heading stage, the effects of air temperature of different rice stage in pollen mother cell meiosis stage and heading stage on seed setting rate and yield were studied by different sowing date in plot. The harm of high temperature to rice in Hunan province also was investigated. The results showed that the best sowing date of the long-growing –period-single-cropping late rice was on 20th May, and to the short-growing-period-single -cropping late rice, the best sowing date was on 30th May in the center of Hunan. The safety pollen mother cell meiosis stage of panicle development stage and heading stage were after 13th Aug and the last ten days of August in both sort of rice, respectively.

  Yixing 2292,a New Aromatic Rice Combination with Fine Quality and High Yied Yin Fuqiang, Lin Gang, Zhao Deming, Liu Ming, Li Yunwu, Yang Congjin, He Bing 2005, 21 (3):  159-159.  Abstract + ( 1426 )   Yixiang2292 is a new india hybrid rice combination for late cropping season developed from the fine quality CMS Yixiang1A and the fine quality restorer line Yihui2292 by Yibin agriculture scientific research institute .It has the charateristics of excellent agricultural properties, fragrant smell strong, high yield, Fine quality, wide adaptability . It was awarded fine quality rice title of the third “fragrant cup of rice ” of Sichuan Province in 2002. It was registered and released in the country and Jiangxi Province in 2004.

  Study on new rice variety “Long-jing NO.13” Bred with anther culture in cold region Guan Shiwu 2005, 21 (3):  161-161.  Abstract + ( 1509 )   Long-jing NO.13 was selected through sexual hybridization with nice hybrid descendent from Longhua91-340 and Kongyu139 by Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1995，and anther culture in 1996.The variety is characterized by resistance to disease，early Maturity，high quality，high Yield and wide planting.

  Studies on Selection and Breeding of a New Big Peanut Variety Weihua No.6 With High Yield and Good Quality Jiang Yansheng,Wang Dehua, Fu Chun, Zhang Dongqi, Li Yishou 2005, 21 (3):  163-163.  Abstract + ( 1669 )   Weihua No.6 is a new peanut variety which was bred systematically between 79266 as female parent and Luhua No.11 as male parent by Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Shandong and Hebei Provincial New Peanut Varieties Trial from 1998 to 2001, Production Test and High-yield Demonstration showed the variety is characterized by early ripening, high and stable yield, big fruit and big kernel, high rate of kernel, good storability and good taste. The variety was released by Crops Varieties Approval Committee of Shandong and Hebei Province in 2001 and 2002. It is suitable for cultivation in North China.

  Study on High and Stable Yield of CCRI-41(Bt+CpTI) and its Sample Cultural Technique Liu Shengrong, Xia Zhiming, Liu Dangpei 2005, 21 (3):  166-166.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   The selective test of transgenic boll worm resistant cotton variety and demonstration experiments of cotton production were conducted in east and middle of Guanzhong cotton region of Shaanxi province from 2002 to 2003. The results showed that CCRI-41(double gene cotton Bt+CpTI) presented a good plant type structure, higher fruit branch, longer 1st and 2nd fruiting positions, rational spatial distribution of height, productive branches fruiting positions and leaves so that it may be strengthen ventilate and bright in the center space near stem. CCRI-41 was with more concentrative bolling, bigger boll and higher lint percent, better early-maturity, good adaptability to the local environment. In comparison with 33B，CCRI-41 lint yield，which raised more in normal year and reduced less in disaster one, was increased by 7.9%~39.8%. Meanwhile, it provided the combined technique for early-sample culture of CCRI-41.

  The Agronomic Trait and Correlation Analysis of Soybean Varieties Yang Shouzheng, Sun Zudong, Chen Huaizhu, Li Chuying 2005, 21 (3):  169-169.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   The 10 agronomic traits in 19 varieties of soybean have studied. The results showed as follows: 1) The ordinal genetic coefficient of variation were the number of branches, 100-seeds weight, Pods on stem, the height of lowest legume, seeds per plant, plant height, the seed weight per plant, node number, diameter of stem and the bearing term.2) There were significantly correlations between seed weight per plant and 100-seeds weight .The seed weight per plant is positively correlated with the height of lowest legume, number of branches, diameter of stem and seeds per plant; The seed weight per plant is negatively correlated with Plant height, Node number and Pods on stem.

  Effect of Different Transplanting Seedling Ages on Grain Yield and its Quality Wu Chenzan, Ye Dingchi, Lin Hua, Lin hui, Lai Liansai 2005, 21 (3):  172-172.  Abstract + ( 1327 )   The result of field experiment by means of transplanting seedling ages showed that rice seedlings were transplanted from 3 to 8 seedling ages, among which 4 seedling age treatment can obtain the highest grain yield: 10374kg/hm2 , its grain yield is 11 percent higher than the treatment of 8 seedling age. According to the results of analysis variance, the difference among 3~6 seedling age’s treatments isn’t distinct, while their grain yields of all of these treatment are evidently higher than the treatment of 8-seedling age. The data of the grain quality test indicated chalky grain rate, chalkiness are greatly influenced by transplanting seedling ages, however appropriate transplanting seedling ages can remarkably decrease chalky grain rate, chalkiness. The brown rice, milled rice, head rice and protein content can be increased while amylase can be lowered if seedlings were transplanted at appropriate ages which is also beneficial to boost grain yield and improve grain quality.

  Advances in Biological Mechanism of Zinc Hyper-accumulation in Plants Du Suojun, Qiu Rongliang, Fang Xiaohang 2005, 21 (3):  174-174.  Abstract + ( 1311 )   Zn hyperaccumulators have the ability to hyper-accumulate zinc in their shoots. Currently considering, one detoxic mechanism may exist in Zn hyperaccumulators, and Zinc was absorbed, transported and accumulated through a particular metabolic process. The processes include Zinc ion influx across root plasma membrane, translocation within the root symplasm and sequestration, long distance translocation in the xylem. This review summarizes the reported Zn hyperaccumulators so far in the world. Meanwhile, biological mechanisms of Zinc absorption and accumulation are expatiated on three aspects in tolerance, uptake and translocation. Several prospects for the future work were also discussed in this paper.

  Effects of Leaf-cutting and Spikelet-thinning on Net Photosynthesis Rate of Rice During Grain Filling Ding Zhingyong, Yang Shimin, Yuan Jichao, E Shengzhe, Yu Xiaoping, Yao Fengjuan 2005, 21 (3):  179-179.  Abstract + ( 2002 )   Effects of leaf cutting and spikelet-thinning on net phyotosynthesis rate of the rice flag leaf during grain filling were studied, taken Diantu502 (medium-maturing indica rice) and Hexi39 (medium-maturing japonica rice) as experiment materials. The results showed that treatment of leaf-cutting had feedback improvement effects on rice flag leaf in the control of light intensity and CO2 concentration, including increase of net photosynthesis rate, apparent quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency. Different source-sink model of rice showed different responses to spikelet thinning. Feedback effects of net photosynthesis rate of rice flag leaf on source limit yield were weaker, while the source-sink relation model or sink limit yield stronger.

  Advances of Research on Rice Leaf Senescence Physiology Wang Xujun, Xu Qingguo, Yang Zhijian 2005, 21 (3):  187-187.  Abstract + ( 1993 )   Advances of studying rice leaf senescence physiology were reviewed in detail for the past 20 years, including the physiological mechanism of rice leaf senescence, the normal indexes of leaf senescence and its dynamic changes during the leaf aging, and some research results of regulating leaf senescence in rice. At the same time, some key aspects in the future were discussed briefly in this research field.

  Effect of Calcium Spraying on Quality and Ca2+-ATPase Activity of Red Fuji Apple Li Bingzhi, Che Yuhong, Zhang Linsen, Han Mingyu, Ruan Banlu, Li Jianguo, Wu Chonglin 2005, 21 (3):  191-191.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   The effect of different calcium fertilizers on quality and Ca2+-ATPase activity was conducted with spraying amino acid calcium, calcium Cuikang(Stopit), calcium 2000 and JuJin calcium(Fulvic acid calcium) in red Fuji apple. The results showed that calcium had increased the single fruit weight, L/D, Vc content, SSC content and anthocyanidin content, while had decreased the chlorophyll content and titratable acid. In all tested calcium fertilizers, the Jujin calcium was the best, then the amino acid calcium, Cuikang calcium, calcium 2000 respectively. Ca2+-ATPase activity in calcium-treated fruits are significantly higher than that in control, and the change of Ca2+-ATPase activity had the similar tendency with that of fruit quality o apple.

  Research Progress in Drought Stress of Tea Plant Chang Shuoqi,, Peng Keqin, Duan Jichun 2005, 21 (3):  194-194.  Abstract + ( 1509 )   This paper presents the changes of internal materials of tea plant caused by drought stress : the content of the internal phytohormone ABA, IAA changes’ regularities; the activity changes of the protective enzymes _SOD, POD. The content ‘s variation of different inorganic elements under different degree drought stress.and the recent advances in the study on drought stress of tea plant.

  Studies on the Callus Inducement of Acanthopanax senticosus (Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, Daqing 9) 2005, 21 (3):  197-197.  Abstract + ( 1019 )   Acanthopanax senticosus, Callus, Inducement, Medium, Explants, Hormone

  study of the influence of high efficiency organic fertilizer on Chinese angelica yield effect Qiu Daiyu, Lin Haiming,Wang Fu’an, He Chunyu, Qi Jutao, Ma Zhanchuan 2005, 21 (3):  200-200.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   Compared with chemical fertilizer, the influence of high efficiency organic fertilizer on Chinese angelica root’s configuration, weight, yield and Ditylenchus destructor occurring rate was studied by field test. Conclusions were drawn as follows: By using high efficiency organic fertilizer, fresh and dry root- head diameter were 3.67cm and 2.57cm, which increased 10.54% and 7.08% than using chemical fertilizer; fresh and dry main root diameter enhanced 7.69% and 6.60% respectively; dry root weight was 38.82, which improved 15.02% than using chemical fertilizer, and D/F increased 40%; dry angelica root yield increased too, reached 2371.84 ㎏/hm2; using high efficiency organic fertilizer reduced Ditylenchus destructor occurring rate ,which was 6.95%,lower than using chemical fertilizer about 17.04%.So high efficiency organic fertilizer is helpful to get high yield and good quality on Chinese angelica.

  The Effects of Peganum Harmala Extraction on Water Metabolism in Wheat and Corn Zhao Xiaomeng, Zeng Zhaohai 2005, 21 (3):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1354 )   the seeds of wheat and corn were dipped in water-soluble substance distilled from peganum harmala, before incubate in greenhouse. The moisture of leave tissues was determined at seedling period. In this experiment, we found the water of wheat leaves increase 0.6%~3.06 % for wet weigh and 17%~99.73 % for dry weigh,The oppositely containing the water increase 0.24%~3.42 %, The water saturation decrease 0.24%~3.39 % 。The resulte of the leaves of corn is similar with wheat。 it indicates that treat with extracts of peganum harmala could enhance the drought resist ability of wheat and corn.

  Effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of 4 graminaceous pasture cultivars Qin Guangquan，Chen Ping，Su Donghai 2005, 21 (3):  205-205.  Abstract + ( 1506 )   Experiment was conducted to study salt stress (salt conc. 0,1.5,3.0,6.0,9.0g/L) on seed germination and seedling growth of 4 graminaceous pasture cultivars. The results showed that salt-tolerant ability of pennisetum americanium was higher than others, it maintained higher value and relative value of seed germination rate, germination index , vigor index, and shoot height and root length and its relative value was higher than others treated with salt 9.0g/L. Salt stress increased relative membrane permeability of seedlings significantly, and inhibited the use speed and rate of endosperm overall.

  The Relationship between Moisture content of Ginkgo Biloba Seeds and Activity of Reactive-Oxygen-Scavenging Enzymes Yan Shichao, Gao Rongqi, Yin Yanping 2005, 21 (3):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1478 )   The Ginkgo Biloba Seeds were desiccation-sensitive when shedded. With the lost of water, the change tendency of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was decreased-increasde-decreased. The Activity of peroxidase (POD) and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) increased at the earth desiccation stage, then it decreased with dehydration. The rate of electrolyte leakage increased and seed vigor decreased rapidly.

  Progress of postharvest physico-chemical changes and storage research of papaya fruit Li Xueping, Chen Weixin 2005, 21 (3):  211-211.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   The progress of postharvest physico-chemical changes ,pathology and storage research of papaya fruit is summarized.The paper emphasizes on the physico-chemical changes during ripening of papaya fruit ,the physiological of chilling injuring and heating injuring and the advance On postharvest technology and storage.

  The Prevention Measure of Soil Secondary Salinization for Paddy Rice Replacing Dry Rice Wang Ying 2005, 21 (3):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1646 )   The study is about the threaten of soil salt in Song Nen plain. We prognosticate through fixed-point and fixed-position from 1996 to 2000. And the soil salt of only irrigation and not drainage is above irrigation and drainage. The average soil salt of only irrigation and not drainage is 0.1086%, the average soil salt of irrigation and drainage is 0.1004%. In the finally we find out soil -salt contain and exercise regulation, the report is brought up about the degree of soil salt and its developing trend, at the same time the way of preventing soil secondary salinization is brought up.

  NP Fertilization recommendation of Danshen by Quadratic Best Design Wang Weiling, Liang Zongsuo, Sun Qun, Han Jianping, Wang Jingmin, Jiang Chuanzhong 2005, 21 (3):  218-218.  Abstract + ( 1608 )   The field fertilization experiment, which was conducted in the Danshen Base of Shaanxi Tasly medicine, Plant limited Company in Shangzhu city, Shaanxi province to get the optimum rate of N, P and to known the effect of N, P fertilizer on active ingredient of danshen. The results shown that it was set up the response mathematics equations was set up and analysis the active ingredient (danshentong and danshensu) dynamics change at different growth period. The response equations fertilizer rate of N and P for certain Danshen yields in different soil condition were obtained base on the response mathematics equations of danshen yield with N and P fertilization, the optimum amount of N, P was N127.5~196.7 kg/hm2 and P2O566.55~153.68 kg/hm2 when Danshen target yield at 4500~5000 kg/ hm2, the consequent expressed that N and Pl promoted the Danshen yield exaltation, but is not an using of N and P to more and more needed, if too many N, P fertilizer was used, the output of Danshen would be reduced.

  Effects of manganese fertilizer on growth,output and quality of potatoes Song Zhirong, 2005, 21 (3):  222-222.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   To find out effects of manganese fertilizer on growth, output and quality of potatoes, potato seeds were dipped in MnSO4 solution for some time. The result indicated that the appropriate dosage of manganese fertilizer could promote the growth, strengthen the ability of resisting adversity, heighten and output and quality of potatoes. However, too much use of manganese fertilizer could have negative effects. The appropriate content of MnSO4 solution is 0.01~0.1%。

  Effect and Analysis on Response of Lettuce Equilibrium Fertilization with N,P and K Yao Baoquan 2005, 21 (3):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1457 )   311-A best regression design of supposed saturation and {3, 3} saturated design of single barycenter check were used to study the effects of NPK application rates and N application proportion in different growing periods on lettuce economical yield, fertilization profit. The results showed that the best NPK application of lettuce with maximum economical yield of 41.859t/hm2 was N90.92kg/hm2, P2O566.38kg/hm2 and K2O 116.84kg/hm2, the best NPK application with the best fertilization profit of 26822.78 yuan/hm2 and economical yield of 41.849t/hm2 was N94.31kg/hm2, P2O565.97kg/hm2 and K2O116.48kg/hm2, and better N application proportion of basal manure, former and latter topdressing with higher expecting economical yield of 45.340t/hm2 was 0.402:0.328:0.270,three periods N application quantities were N37.79kg/hm2, 30.83kg/hm2 and 25.38kg/hm2, respectively.

  Net Photosynthetic Rate of Pumpkin in Fruit-setting Period and the Day Change Character of Effecting Factors Liu Zhenwei, Li Xinzheng, Sun Li 2005, 21 (3):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1481 )   The net photosynthetic rate of Mi-ben Pumpkin and the effecting factors of PAR, temperature, air humidity, and CO2 content and transpiration rate were studied. The net photosynthetic rate was double-peak and exited significant photosynthesis “noon-rest” on sunny day. It was single-peak on cloudy day. The effecting factors had significant day-change Character. The solar radiation was powerful on sunny noon. The average PAR was 1246.3?mol/(m2·s) from 12:00 to 15:00. The temperature was high on sunny noon. The average air temperature was 31.7℃ and the leaf temperature was 37.4℃ from 12:00 to 15:00. The air humidity was low and was 42.3% from 12:00 to 15:00. These factors were main environment factors leading to “photosynthesis noon-rest”.

  Study on Cutting Root Reproduction of Aralia elata Zhang Meiping ，Gao Yugang 2005, 21 (3):  237-237.  Abstract + ( 1324 )   Towards the difficulty of breed the Aralia elata, the author explored effect methods of asexual reproduction .Through the experiment we have studied the effect to germination by using different lenth of cutting root , different cuttaging mode, different plant growth regulators. The results showed choosing the diameter as 1.0~2.0cm thick root segment, the length is above 15cm, using 108 Sheng Gen Fen or Du Gen Su to declinate cuttage, the survival rate can reach to 70%,And they can become independent plant.

  Preliminary Studies on the Physiology of Heat Tolerance in Lilium longiflorum Zhang Shijun, Zhou Hougao, Pan Wenhua, Yu Zhuolin 2005, 21 (3):  240-240.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   Protein content, peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT) activity and transpiration rate were measured to determine the heat tolerance of three lily genotype leaves at seedling stage. The results showed that protein content decreased continuously. POD and CAT activities showed a transient rise. Those physiology indexes were worse of heat sensitive genotype, which indicated the three indexes were positively correlative with heat tolerance. Transpiration rate showed invisible correlation with heat tolerance.

  Problems and Countermessures on Sustainable Development of Protected Vegetable Production in Yunnan Province Meng Jingui, Zhang Naiming 2005, 21 (3):  243-243.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   This paper introduced three, briefly introducing the changing and progressing in the layout of vegetable field, planting area, variety of vegetable crops etc, in yunnan in the past ten years; appointing out the problems around the scale of production and the system of circulation etc in yunnan, putting forward the developing strategy of vegetable production in the future, i. e. changing the traditional planting way of vegetables to the modernizing sustained agriculture as soon as possible through the progress of technology, at the same time establishing a modernized technology system of vegetable planting and market circulation in order to improve the productivity and economic profit, and drawing up the developing strategy of vegetable in yunnan.

  Progress on Study of production of Cucumber Hybrid Seeds Chen Zhengwu, Wang Yanfei, Zhang Xia, Yu Haisheng 2005, 21 (3):  245-245.  Abstract + ( 1443 )   Introduced the actuality of cucumber hybrid seeds production in china and also in the other country. Summarized the study on the cultivation technique of hybrid seeds production, indicated that the suitable density was 5500plants/667m2, the suitable pollination temperature was 25℃, the suitable potash fertilizer was 40kg/667m2 for cucumber hybrid seed production. Point out the prospect of cucumber hybrid seeds production.

  Forcing Culture Technology of Scale and Dwarf on Potted Bougainvillea Ren huaifu, Li Tianzhong 2005, 21 (3):  249-249.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   According to several years practice, comprehensively sum up measures of forcing culture technology of scale and dwarf on potted Bougainvillea as: a propagation of cuttage, which choose a mixture of 50%peat, 33% vermiculite and 17 sharp sand as cutting soil, and choose a semi-wooden shoot cut into 5~10cm length with 2~3 leaves as cuttings then touch 1% AA root powder (made by ourselves), is lower cost and higher survival rate than that of tissue culture; Bougainvillea growth can be efficaciously regulated by pruning and using 2~5g/L PP333; bougainvillea can be induced to flowers by spraying 2.5~4.0g/L B9 and administering no more 11 hours daylight every day continuously; the florescence can be more prolonged about 20 days by spraying 50mg/L NAA while selling; and prevention and cure of pest and disease, etc.

  Study on Extraction and Bioactivity Assay of Pathotoxin Produced by Phytophthora sojae Zhang Shuzhen, Xu Pengfei Wu Xiaoxia, Zhao Xiaowu, Zhang Dayong, Jiang Zhenfeng, Li Wenbin 2005, 21 (3):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 1933 )   In this paper, the extraction and bioactivity assay of pathotoxin produced by Phytophthora sojae (Pmg.) were systematically researched. The main results were as follows: The best extraction way of the pathotoxin produced by Pmg was to use the weak polarity organic solvent, especially ether. The rude crystalline of the pathotoxin was gotten by continuous extraction by ether; The bio-activity of the rude pathotoxin was determined by the seedlings with cutting roots, and the symptom of seedlings with cutting roots treated with the concentration of the dilute factor of 100 appeared the same as those with the hypocotyl inoculation. This also proved that the pathotoxin was a kind of Non- Host Specitiy Toxin.

  Trails of Herbicides in the non~tillage spring maize field Yang Jianguo, Xie Aiting, Song Yulin, Wang Zemin ，Xiuqin Wang 2005, 21 (3):  262-262.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   The herbicide experimental trails, including 5 herbicides and their fourteen combination treatments, were conducted in spring maize field. Atrazine mixed with each of the 3 herbicides had better phytocidal effect than it was applied alone. The dosages, which were 1650 ml/hm2 of Atrazine38SC with 900 ml/hm2 of Acetochlor90EC，or 900 ml/hm2 of s~metolachlor96EC，or 1950 ml/hm2 of Pendimethalin33EC，were applied to soil surface post-sowing and pre-emerge, the phytocidal efficacies reached to 92%; For the field with dicotyledon weeds, especially Abutilon theophrasti and Acalypha australis Linn, applying 45~60 g/hm2 of Flumetsulam80WG plus either 900~1200 ml/hm2 of s-metolachlor96EC or 900~1050 ml/hm2 of Acetochlor90EC, dicotyledon weeds efficacies were higher than 96%. Additionally, the emerged weeds should be eliminated before these herbicides application.

  Genetic Improvement on Resistance and Yield Components of Chinese Cottons with Fusarium and Verticillium Wilts Resistance Zhang Guiyin, Ma Zhiying, Zhao Huabing, Wang Xingfen, Wu Liqiang, Li Xihuan 2005, 21 (3):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1694 )   Genetic improvement of main traits was analyzed using 110 China-bred cottons with Fusarium and Verticillium wilts resistance released since 1950’s.The results indicated that a great progress for Fususium wilt resistance breeding had been achieved, but progress for Verticillium wilt resistance breeding was slow. Yield of per plant showed an up trend except for 1970’s varieties. The mean of boll number per plant was no significant variation among different years. Lint percentage of the varieties showed a downtrend from 1950’s to 1970’s and an up trend from 1970’s to 1990’s. Growing period of the varieties became short from 1950’s to 1990’s, and there was a down trend of plant height, first fruit branch node, distance between the first fruit branch and cotyledon from 1960’s to 1990’s.

  UV Disinfection of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum in Drain Water from Closed System Liu Xianghui, Liu Fen, Zhou Ligang, Song Weitang 2005, 21 (3):  268-268.  Abstract + ( 1686 )   In this paper, an installation of UV disinfection was designed, and its efficacy against the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum which is a kind of root-infecting pathogens, was tested in lab. The cultures of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum were grown in potato dextrose and introduced artificially to a tank that contained enough water. By examining the number of spores grown in the plate of potato dextrose agar before and after being disinfected, it was found that Ultra-violet radiation is effective against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum. The pathogens were totally killed when the water(T10=96.65%) flowed at 36L/min and the pathogen concentration was 6.87×102conidia/ml. Even if the concentration of pathogen was 1.14×105conidia/ml, the spores could not survive when the water(T10=95.42%) flowed at 36L/min. And when the water(T10=11.58%) flowed at 7.9 L/min and 35L/min, the disinfection rate was 81.31% and 50%, respectively.

  Research and Development of Plant-sourced Fertilizer Bi Jun, Xia Guangli, Bi Yan Wen, Zhang Ping, Shi Gui Fang, Zhu Guo Liang, Sun Guo Bo 2005, 21 (3):  272-272.  Abstract + ( 1280 )   Improper use of fertilizer and chemicals seriously obstacles the present sustainable development of agriculture. The plant－sourced fertilizer can be developed after technically processed waste from agriculture， industry and herd mixes with plant－sourced agricultural medicine appropriately. Tt’s in accordance with the present development trend of non－chemical agricultural and organic agricultural products，which has a bright market future.

  The Distribution of Verticillium dahliae in Cotton in Field Ecological System JIA Tao, YANG Jia-rong, XIN Hong-yi, YI Yong-hua, WANG Cheng 2005, 21 (3):  275-275.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   The number of veriticillium dahliae in cotton had greatly difference in vertical distribution of soil. More 90% of them distributed over principally 0-40 centimetre depth soil Layer. In horizontal distribution of soil, distribution model of verticillium dahliae in cotton varied from the aggregation distribution to the uniform distribution in disease plants, the number of cotton verticillium dahliae in disease organizations of plant was in turn leaves>trunk>floral branches.

  Analysis of Ecological Footprints of Anhui Province Xu Xinwang, 2005, 21 (3):  277-277.  Abstract + ( 1279 )   According to the data of the statistical yearbook of Anhui province in 2003 ,this paper calculate and analyzes the ecological footprint of Anhui province in 2003 .The result indicates that the ecological deficit per capita of Anhui province was 0.89 hm2 in 2003 ,which reflects that the human load has already stayed beyond the regional bio-capacity, and regional natural ecosystem is under great pressure of human activities.

  Importance of Feed Crops on Ecosystem Reconstruction in Ecotone between Farming Field and Pasture of Inner Mongolia Zhao Tao, Gao Julin, Sun Jiying, Liu Keli, Ren Youzhi 2005, 21 (3):  280-280.  Abstract + ( 1302 )   Ecotone farming field and pasture of Inner Mongolia occupy an important position in Regional economy and Ecosystem. Developing Feed Crops on the ecotone of agriculture and pasture, it can not only build an ecosystem of planting as elementary, but also develop production and save degenerate of ecology resource. It encourages the people of ecotone of agriculture and pasture step a road of agriculture together with pasture. Developing Feed Crops can improve the people’s living standard on ecotone of agriculture and pasture and encourage the development of rural economy. It will bring into full play its important function in ecosystem reconstruction.

  Investigation about Actuality and Development of Ecological Agriculture in SuZhou Zhang Rengui, Chen Yifei, Qin Jieying 2005, 21 (3):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1381 )   The status of agricultural eco-environment in Suzhou is stated in this paper. And the characteristics and benefits of 3 typical eco-agriculture models are analyzed. The 3 typical models include jiangxiang model”,“dongtinghill model”,“future agriculture model”. Finally the developmental suggestions in eco-agricultural construction are put forward .In basis of resource characteristics in suzhou, to develop agri-park in combination of city and countryside;to develop eco-plantation in countryside;to develop characteristic eco-farm produce in characteristic agri-production area. Normalization corporation and commercialization are necessarily choice of construct eco-agriculture in suzhou.

  Research on the Cultivated Land Protection and Food Security ——a Case Study on Sichuan Province Xia Jianguo, Zhu Zhonglin, Hu Cui, Wu Deyong 2005, 21 (3):  294-294.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   The protection of cultivated land is the substance base for food product and is the guarantee for food security. Based on the analysis of the quantity and quality of cultivated land and its environment, formation and the trend of change in Sichuan province, the recent situation of Sichuan is that deficiency in cultivated land resources per capita, finite in reserved resources and disproportion in regional distribution and inevitable decreasing in cultivated land. So for the sake of regional food security, the following available approaches should be adopted: 1) erecting the consciousness of cultivated land protection, strictly administering the system of basic farmland protection and guaranteeing the high quantity and quality basic farmland; 2) the agricultural science and technologies have to be further greatly developed, especially the new technologies in soil fertilizer; 3) enacting relative polices and carrying out the measurements of farmland protection and soil’s manuring; 4) strengthening agricultural protection, enhancing the agricultural contrast benefits and farmers’ enthusiasm in planting.

  Spring Low Temperature and it’s Damage to Rice Seedling in Nanzheng Yuan Yingze,, Qu Zhenjiang 2005, 21 (3):  300-300.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   Through the analysis of spring(April to May)low temperature occurrence from 1966 to 2003 in Nanzheng, by applying <12℃ negative effective accumulate temperature and minimum temperature to classify damage extent of low temperature to rice seedling. The results show that the occurrence of <12℃ low temperature are all in April, 30% years have no damage, 21% years have light damage,19% years have middle damage,21% years have severe damage. The reverse spring cool occurrence frequency is 20%, center on the first and second decade of May. <12℃ low temperature belong to continuous overcast and rainy type times are as two times as belong to sunshine and cold ones. The reverse spring cool occurrence years are usually accompany with continuous overcast and rainy type low temperature. The impacts of low temperature to rice seedling are analyzed, the results show that the middle and third decade of April are the crucial period of <12℃ low temperature damage, the first and second decade of May are the crucial period of reverse spring cool damage. Aiming at different type of low temperature corresponded forecast-serve and field manage measures are raised.

  Nonlinear Equation Fitting by Microsoft Office Excel and Its Application Tang Zaixiang, Gao Qingsong, Xu Chenwu 2005, 21 (3):  306-306.  Abstract + ( 3732 )   A nonlinear equation fitting method by the Programming Tool of the Microsoft Office Excel software was introduced in detail and its application in real data analysis was discussed. The experiment data of paramecium from Gause was used to investigate the efficiency of the method. And the twelve nonlinear real examples from “Agricultural Experimental Statistics” written by Mo Huidong were used to compare the difference between results fit by the Excel and the linear transformation method, respectively. The result showed that the Excel fitting method is not only simple and efficient for the parameter estimation but can fit various complex nonlinear equations also.

  Path Analysis on Main Quantitative Traits to Root Tuber Weight per Plant in Sweet Potato Dong Lifeng , Wang Fengbao , Fu Jinfeng , Li Junfeng, Jiao Lili 2005, 21 (3):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1659 )   The experiments were carried out with the self-mating progenies derived from ‘Qinshu No.1’ sweet potato and twelve quantitative characters were determined i.e. the number of vine branches (x1), the longest length of branch (x2), the length of all branches (x3), the internode length (x4), the thickness of branch (x5), the area of leaf (x6), the weight of green leaves of single plant (x7), the weight of branches leaves (x8), the root tuber number of single plant (x9), the root tuber weight of single sweet potato (x10), T/R valve (x11) and root tuber weightof single plant (y). The results showed that the weight of green leaves of single plant greatly influenced root tuber weight of single plant, the root tuber number of single plant and root tuber weight of single sweet potato were secondly. So in high yield breeding, it should be considered all the seven traits, not only the weight of green leaves of single plant, the root tuber number of single plant, the root tuber weight of single sweet potato, but also T/R valve, the number of vine branches, the area of leaf, the thickness of branch.

  Using Grey Systematic Evaluation in Agricultural Properties importance of the peanut of theory Wang Xiaolin, Zhen Zhigao, Duan Ying 2005, 21 (3):  316-316.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   This text uses the grey theory related principle and method of degree, Henan province wheat suits of peanut 7 that area test join the variety of trying on comprehensive 2001~2003 such as appraisal. The result showed that appraise and keep the same with traditional output result with weighting related degree to peanut breed, 100-seed weight, 100-grain weight, yield per plant, full-pod rate and offer the rice rate are dominant in affecting yield, but main stem height and side branches length are not dominant in affecting yield, the method is simple, easy to master.

  Review of Crop Condition Monitoring Using Remote Sensing in China Wu Suxia,, Mao Renzhao, Li Hongjun, Hou Meiting,, Yang Fan, 2005, 21 (3):  319-319.  Abstract + ( 2590 )   The objects of crop condition monitoring are for early yield estimation and to support crop management. This paper summaries the evolution and methods of studying on crop condition monitoring using remote sensing in our country, and points out that the spatial resolution of remote sensing image selected is very low, and the monitoring index NDVI is limited. Therefore the accuracy should be improved. The integration of 3S (RS, GIS, GPS) which used in the field is the direction of development, and the diagnosis of crop condition will be the emphasis of studying.

  Mathematical Model Study on the Best Investment Scale in the Commodity Broilers Cui Zhenyang, Li Xiaoliang, Cui Yuexiang 2005, 21 (3):  323-323.  Abstract + ( 1508 )   This paper studies breeding process of the commodity broilers and builds mathematical model. We analyze influencing factors to investment scale based on the result and build mathematical model on the best investment scale in the commodity broilers according to economic principle. This provides a theoretical basis for the animal farming industry.

  The Affection of Media & Communication on Agriculture Policy and Technical Extension Tan Ying, Chen Hong, Bian Quanle, Jiang Jianke 2005, 21 (3):  326-326.  Abstract + ( 1534 )   During the communication process of medias, do they play a positive role on the agriculture policy and technical extension? This paper finds the answer by combining both qualitative and quantitative analysis in the research of farmer’s psychology analyzing effect of technical extension on medias, such as cognize, sensibility and desire etc. The research concludes: (1) many farmers pay lower attention to agriculture policy, they know and comprehend it a little; (2) But they support and agree on agriculture policy highly ; (3) different income types of farmers from different areas have different interests on the agriculture policies; (4) farmers have been given different affection in different information services; (5) farmers prefer to gain the agriculture policy and technological information by handouts or by training; (6) How the intensifying rate and communicate information betimes will affect implement of agriculture policy, and affect transform of technology, etc. Additionally, it gives suggests on our research concludes.

  Application of Microbiological Preparation to Control of Water Quality in Factory Breeding of Eriocheir sinensis Yan Binlun, Li Shihu, Wang Ducai, Dai Yan, Shi Dongqing, Xu Jiatao, Xu Guocheng, Luo Gang 2005, 21 (3):  329-329.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   The experiment was conducted to determine the supplement of microbiological preparation (Photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus sp. or Photosynthetic bacteria + Bacillus sp.) on pH, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, chemical oxygen demand and metamorphosis rate in factory breeding of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The results showed that the supplement of microbiological preparation had no obvious effect on pH, but with the development of larvae, the ammonia-N, nitrate-N or chemical oxygen demand was significantly decreased and metamorphosis rate was significantly increased by the supplement of microbiological preparation.

  Effects of Drip Irrigation under Mulch Film on Environment Factors and Growth on Cotton Field .Liu Jianguo, Lv Xin, Wang Dengwei, Li Zhenhe, Xu Gongshe 2005, 21 (3):  333-333.  Abstract + ( 1687 )   Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of drip irrigation under mulch film (DIUMF) on soil ecology environment and growth of cotton. The results showed DIUMF changes humidity environment of cotton in the field, creates Beneficial water, fertility, air, hot Condition for the cotton's growth, Comparing with normal irrigation, DIUMF is helpful to decrease soil surface evaporation, increase soil water content, reduce deep leakage, hold soil fertility, enhance water use efficiency, and improve vegetable yield. Have the good economy, ecosystem and social performance.

  Studies on Effects of Irrigation Systems in Spring on Winter Wheat in Eastern Area of Hebei Wang Wenpo, Zhou Yinfu, Li Yansheng, Han Jinling 2005, 21 (3):  336-336.  Abstract + ( 1943 )   The effects of irrigation systems in spring on winter wheat were studied in eastern area of Hebei. The results showed that many times irrigation was more than few times irrigation in the leaf area index, slower in the decreasing of leaf area index, later in the time of the maximum rate of grain filling. With the increasing of irrigation times in spring, the spike number per hectare, grain number per spike, 1000 grains weight increased. The grain yields of 4 times, 3 times and 2 times irrigation were extreme significantly higher than that of one times and no irrigation, but the difference of grain yields among 4 times, 3 times and 2 times irrigation was not significant. However, the water use efficiency of irrigation declined with increasing of irrigation times in spring. For the higher-yield and water-saving, the spring irrigation system of winter wheat in eastern area of Hebei should be that 2 times irrigation were respectively conducted at jointing stage and at booting stage on the basis of irrigation at winter.

  The Research on irrigation and irrigation method for konjac no-soil cultivation Zhong Gangqiong, Chen Yongbo, Long Jun, Mou Fanggui, Sheng Dexian, Hu Yongzhong, Qin Yu, Teng Jianxun 2005, 21 (3):  340-340.  Abstract + ( 1753 )   The different levels pure water of 200ml,400ml,600ml,800ml,1000ml were irrigated the similar weight konjac which planted in no-soil cultivation in the experiment.The result is that :konjac were irrigated with 600ml pure water was growing well and have a good output .At the same time ,the method of irrigation for konjac no-soil cultivation is studied.

  Thinking of the Question that peasants " fight for the Land" Ren Guangxin, Yang Gaihe, Feng Yongzhong, Ding Ruixia 2005, 21 (3):  342-342.  Abstract + ( 1508 )   This paper analysis the course of modern land system of China, which draws out that land is basis to survive of peasant and to participate social work creating material wealth. It will significantly accelerate agricultural development, notably increasing income of peasants, remarkably promote the efficient of planting the staple food by means of cancellation agricultural tax and implement the policy of planting the grain subsidy policy greatly progressively at the same time. The issue that peasant land rights and transformation of the administrative functions of township government must striven to solve these problems that face to the theory and practice in the progress of agricultural development of China.

  A Fresh Agricultural Extension System in China and its Running Mechanism Li Yibing，Yang Gaihe 2005, 21 (3):  354-354.  Abstract + ( 1625 )   After a terse review of the history and status quo of the agricultural extension system in China, this paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the old system, then brings forward a fresh system which integrate scientific research, education and extension into it, and then describes its running mechanism and discusses some measures to realize it. In possession of a committee of experts who deals with the agricultural problems of the whole country to help decision-making, the Department of Agriculture is the highest administrative framework. The operating framework is composed of agricultural universities, scientific institutions of agriculture and agricultural schools, whose work directly connect the Department of Agriculture with front line of agricultural production. Then demonstration garden of agricultural science and technology at all levels which belongs to the operating framework as a site of research, agricultural education and extension is built and used to rebuild the former skeleton agricultural extension system.

  Study of new-type multi-subject combination agricultural technique popularize system Liu Zhengli, Zhu Hongwei, Yang Wanqiao, Cheng Ruhong, Huang Wensheng 2005, 21 (3):  359-359.  Abstract + ( 1602 )   In the course of application of the third good variety update-project of summer-millet in hebei province, we explored a series of new-type popularize system of agricultural technique through combination of the plot-out theory of ecological region, the variety growth rule, culture technique, study of new popularize mode and breeding technique of good variety and made a good effect. The project has been awarded the third digree prize for its contribution to sciences and technology progress。The technique system includes five aspects. One, according to ecological condition, project region was plot into several ecological region. Two, the technique main-body, popularized variety et al, was selected. There, characters and growth rule of all popularized varieties in all kind of ecological region were studied. Four, a series of culture techniques of different varieties in all region were studied. Five, feasible new popularize mode of agricultural technique was explored. The technique system is introduced in detail in order to provide reference for the work of popularize.

  Analysis of Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program by Dual Sector Theory Chai Haofang, Jiang Zhide, Zhang Haipeng 2005, 21 (3):  364-364.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   The problem, which the conversion of cropland to forest program faced derived from the dual sector structure of China. The problem is how to solve the inconsistency of demand elastic and utility function of the same land between the developed region or industry and the less-developed ones. To solve this problem, the government must harmonize the conflict between the multi-demand about forest of the developed region and the developing demand of the less-developed region. But now, the policy input of the conversion of cropland to forest program is not sufficient but only imperative to ensure the success of the program. Some actions should be taken to combine with the program to ensure the long-run good effect.

  Countermeasures and Analysis on the Regional Comparative Advantage of Maize Production in Jilin Province Zhang Dayu,, Liu Xingtu, Gao Wangsheng 2005, 21 (3):  367-367.  Abstract + ( 1205 )   The comparative advantage of maize production in Jilin province is analyzed based on the sow area index ,unit yield index and benefit index in this paper．The results show that there are obvious comparative advantage in sow area index and unit yield index ,compared with the other provinces in China，the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the third in China；there is comparative advantage of benefit index compared with the average of the whole countries．However, there is not comparative advantage compared with the preponderant provinces in China，the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the twelfth in China；there is obvious comprehensive comparative advantage in Jilin provincial maize production ,the average of 1997 to 2001 stands the fourth in China．On the basis of the above，we put forward the countermeasures to develop maize production in Jilin province．

  Evaluation on Future and Development of Chinese Traditional Medicine in Hanzhong City Tang Zhen, Liu Hua, Yang Moli, Jia Zhikuan 2005, 21 (3):  371-371.  Abstract + ( 1382 )   Chinese traditional medicine has great contributions on the world. With the development of modern science technology and modern medicine industry, Chinese traditional medicine is facing with more opportunities and challenges. Hanzhong district lies in the QingBa Mountain area in the southwest of Shaanxi province. As a natural medicine storeroom, Hanzhong is the main resources area in China. It is found that Hanzhong district has 1300 species of medicine plant and 280 species specific medicinal preparations in the countrywide check of medicinal materials resources.

  Study on Regional Distribution and development of Buckwheat in China Feng Baili,Yao Aihua,Gao Jinfeng,Gao Xiaoli,Chai Yan 2005, 21 (3):  375-375.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   Buckwheat is an important resource for food crops and medicine crops, also is one of the traditional agricultural products for exporting. Base on the analysis on the current status, advantages and distribution of buckwheat production, according to the principles of advantage region distribution of buckwheat production, the advantage region distribution was studied, in order to improve the competitive of Chinese buckwheat products in international markets, the industry developing system with Chinese characters was put forward. The strategy for establishing production base for exporting buckwheat was suggested as increasing investments on science and technology and developing leading incorporation to promote the development of Chinese buckwheat industry. The study will benefit the characteristic agriculture in middle-western China and the improvement of the farmers’ living standard.

  Analysis of the Problems in the source of talents in Western China and its Countermeasures ——Northwest A&F University as an Example Liu Huai, Bai Liqiong 2005, 21 (3):  378-378.  Abstract + ( 1453 )   The role of Talents in economic and society is getting more and more important, and it has been the first resources now. Comfortable society cannot been built without talents and improvement of whole Chinese people’s quality. So after the merge of the Northwest A&M University, based on the basic information of human resources and the existing problems in recently years, according to the situation of non-sequence competition, the proper countermeasures for solving the problem which can provide scientific evidence for policy-making departments are put forward as follows: 1.Changing ideas and forming the ideas of Talents Resource is the first resource.2.Stablizing the teachers, taping the current potential of Talents.3.Taking several measures to attract excellent talents.4.Starting talents engineering and cultivating innovative talents.5.Deeping reform of distribution system, establishing intensive and constraint mechanism.6.Completing assessment regulations, building assessment and evaluation mechanism.

  Consideration on Emhancing Service Ability of Agriculture Science and Technology Zheng Nanshu 2005, 21 (3):  382-382.  Abstract + ( 1320 )   The important point to completely a middle-class society in our country is to develop the villages. And its difficult point is how to increase the farmers’ income. To a great extent, it is decided by how to provide the service of agriculture technology for 800,000,000 farmers and how to promote bringing forth-new agriculture technology and how to convert achievements in scientific research into realistic productivity. From the questions of our country actuality in agriculture production, “lacking some technology and bogging down” in technology service and unabundant strength, the text put forward some countermeasure of reforming current working and conversion mechanism of agriculture technology and have the technology men and the farmers hand in hand set up benefit commonalty to play an exemplary role and enhance workers’ technology quality to promote the science research facing the production forefront and to apply the achievements in scientific research to production. All this will provide the technology service of complete direction, many structure levels and many fields for the farmers and push on the course of completely building a middle-class society in the village.