Current issue

• 2005 Vol.21 No.2 Published:05 February 2005

  目次

  Immunohistochemical Localization of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons in Hypothalamus of Estrus Milk Goat Chen Shulin, Sun Zhihong, Qing Suzhu, Zhao Huiying, Fan Guangli Li Yaohui, Zhang Yan Mao Haipeng 2005, 21 (2):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1573 )   PDF ( 1078316KB )   ( 574 ) In order to study the expression of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of estrus milk goat. Immunohisto chemical streptavidin-peroxidase stain technique was used in the present study. The results showed that immunochemistry positive reacting cells of GnRH was mainly localized in supraopticus nucleus, preopticus medialis nucleus, preopticus lateralis nucleus, suprachiasmaticus nucleus, area lateralis hypothalami, paraventricularis posterior nucleus, arcuatus nucleus, ventrolateralis nucleus, mamillaris lateralis nucleus, tubero mamillaris nucleus. This suggests that GnRH-containing neurons were widely distributed in hypothalamus of estrus milk goat.

  ndividual Identification With STR Loci in Dairy Cattle Guan Feng, Yang Liguo,, Ai Juntao, Lu Hanxi, Jin Suihua, Zhang Shuer, Li Jiafang 2005, 21 (2):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1967 )   PDF ( 1148212KB )   ( 832 ) Four short random repeat loci (BM1862、BM2113、BM720 and TGLA122) were used for individual identification of two pieces of frozen semen lack of marks and four bulls. The results showed a power of discrimination of 0.9999, suggesting that the four STR loci can be used as preferred sites for supervision of bovine frozen semen quality testing, individual identification and paternity test in dairy cattle.

  Studies on Extraction of Alkaloids in seeds of Sophora alopecuraides L. Zhang Weimin，Pu Peng, Zhang Degang，Feng Zimao，Zhang Yiyun，Liao Xiaomin 2005, 21 (2):  7-7.  Abstract + ( 1679 )   PDF ( 1078202KB )   ( 875 ) The extraction and separation of Alkaloids in seeds of Sophora alopecuroides were studied in the experiment, the quantitative and qualitative analysis in matrine were also detected. Alkaloids were extracted from seeds by immersing in 0.4% hydrochloric acid, 95% alcohol, 1% ammonia-chloroform and anhydrous alcohol for four times in seven days under the room temperature after crushed, accompanying by delipoid, acidification, alkalization, extraction. Single Alkaloids were separated by TLC method, and quantitative and qualitative analysis was done by GC method. The results suggested that extraction yield of four methods above were 3.67%,2.73%,2.47% and 1.60% respectively. The extracted Alkaloids in each method contained four kinds of single Alkaloids at least by TLC. The extraction Alkaloids of all these four methods contained Kushen Alkaloids detected by GC, and the extraction yield were 8.460%、7.553%、5.675%and0.893% respectively. The results showed that extraction yield by 0.4% hydrochloric acid under room temperature was obviously higher than other solvents, which could be the optimal extraction method of Alkaloids in seeds of Sophora alopecuroides.

  Application of SSR Markers in Maize Inbred Lines for Studying Their Genetic Relationship Wang Fengge,, Zhao Jiuran, She Huadi, Chen Gang, Guo Jinglun, Dai Jingrui 2005, 21 (2):  10-10.  Abstract + ( 1875 )   PDF ( 1227505KB )   ( 696 ) A set of 38 elite maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines, representative of various types of inbred lines with and without clear pedigree, were assayed with 62 pairs of SSR primers. Our main objectives were to (ⅰ) investigate the variation of the SSR primers in these materials, (ⅱ) assigning inbred lines to heteotic groups, (ⅲ) examine the usefulness of SSR markers in assaying genetic relationship of maize inbred lines. 238 alleles were found with average alleles 4.08,average polymorphism information content (PIC) 0.612, average marker indice (MI) 2.58 per locus. the UPGMA cluster analysis separated the 38 inbred lines into 7 major groups based on their SSR genotypic similarities, including six major temperate groups( Reid, Luda Red Cob, Tangsipingtou, LSC, P1,P2) and one tropic Suwan group，and the genetic relationship of inbred lines with complex genetic were determined by SSR markers.

  Hot Weather Exercise a Effect on Physiological and Performance of Cow Wei Xueliang, Zhang Jiahua, Wang Haoju, Yan Mei, Sun Fengqing, Yang Minhui, Yin Siming 2005, 21 (2):  13-13.  Abstract + ( 1667 )   Between 2002 to 2003，we made a test of cow’s physiological and performance in part of Chongqing. We also examine the cow’s blood. The result showed that：(1) From June to September，the cow’s temperature of rectum and rate of respiration are higher than that in March to May or October to February (P<0.05)；(2) The daily lactation between March to May and October to February are （23.5±4.2）kg/d（n=31）、（22.1±5.3）kg/d（n=43），also higher than (17.6±5.1) kg/d（n=52）（P<0.05）which in June to September. (3)In heat stress, the density of K+、Cl-、iCa 2+ in serum of cows are higher than other times. (P<0.05) .But the proteins in serum of cows are lower, the activity of alkaline phosphatase drop 38.96 percent and the activity of α-anylase drop 8.52 percent, the activity of GTP raise 3.74 percent.(4) In heat stress, the fecundation insemination of cow slower than the other times, but the diseases in heat stress are more .

  Analysis of SSR on Tow Multiple-marker Lines in Upland Cotton Sun Zhidong,,Wang Xuede, Ni Xiyuan 2005, 21 (2):  15-15.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 980982KB )   ( 723 ) Polymorphism analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSR) was carried out for parents, T582 and T586, and their F1 plants. The result of SSR analysis showed that six out of fifty pairs of primers produced DNA polymorphism, which accounts 12 % of the total. The SSR bands were more co-domination loci than domination loci. SSR-motif with DNA polymorphism was related to primers of two ends designed.

  Proliferation and Differentiation of Spermatogonial Stem Cell (review) Zhang Xueming, Li Dexue,, Yue Zhanpeng 2005, 21 (2):  16-16.  Abstract + ( 1463 )   PDF ( 1128446KB )   ( 628 ) Recently, spermatogonial stem cell (SSC), the postnatal male germ-line stem cells, has been a subject of intense and increasing interest as a result of exciting developments in stem cell research in general and the development of new research tools allowing the isolation, culture and transplantation of these unique cells. SSC is a adult stem cell population resided in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium, which is not only capable of self-renewal and differentiation, but the only adult stem cells in the normal postnatal body that undergo self-renewal throughout life and transmit gene to the progeny. In order to obtain stem cells enough for researches and application, understanding the regulation mechanisms of the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells is the common problem in stem cell research. With the aid of SSCs transplantation, a functional assay for SSCs, the culture conditions of SSCs have been examined deeply in recently years. This review focuses on what is know about the maintenance of SSCs in vitro and discusses the possible problem in future studies.

  Surface Active Agent’s Regulating of Statement and Secretion of Bacillus subtilis fibrinolytic enzymic gene in Transgenic Tobacco’s Root System Wang Ruigang,,, Wang Yan, Cao Qianjin, Wu Zirong, Wang Shuiping 2005, 21 (2):  17-17.  Abstract + ( 1905 )   PDF ( 1541796KB )   ( 842 ) The activity of the trans-BSFE gene tobacco of cultural solution can be promoted by 0.05%~8%(w/v) often-used surface active agents such as Triton X-100, SDS, DMSO and Tween20 via strengthening the ability of secretion of root system or the stability of BSFE in cultural solution. The activity of BSFE in cultural solution with its unit volume of root changed parabolicly with the days when it was cultured. It may be intimated like the quadratric regression model. The function of promotion related with the concentration of the surface-active agent. The fixed concentration of triton X100, SDS, DMSO and Tween20 can be used as the effective chemical regulator of the trans-BSFE gene tobacco root systems statement and secretion.

  Effect of Different Culture Medium and Hormone Concentration on Callus Induction of Poa Pratensis L Duan Bihua, Han Baoping ,Gao Xiahong,Yin Weilun 2005, 21 (2):  24-24.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 1208641KB )   ( 648 ) Study was carried out on effect of different concentration acetic acid(2,4-D), 6-benzylamino purine(6-BA)and casein hydroly-sate(Hy) under different culture medium on callus induction of three varieties of Poa Pratensis L. with its seeds as explants. The result showed that (1)MN6 culture medium could improve callus induction rate; (2) culture medium of callus induction and regeneration of embryo was MN6 +2,4-D 3mg/L+BA0.2mg/L;(3) effect of different concentration casein hydroly-sate(Hy) was weak on callus induction;(4) callus induction rate of Nuglade was the highest in three varieties of Poa Pratensis L.

  Cloning and Sequence Analysis of an Oleosin Gene Fragment from Brassica napus Sui Shunzhao, Li Mingyang, Zheng Li, Guo Yulong, Zhu Qinlong, Zheng Shangyong 2005, 21 (2):  28-28.  Abstract + ( 1751 )   PDF ( 1069765KB )   ( 559 ) The oleosin gene fragment was amplified by means of PCR using genomic DNA of Brassica napus as template and a pair of specific oligonucleotides at 5ˊ- and 3ˊ-end as primer, and cloned into E.coli vector. Results show that the DNA sequence consists of 878 bp and encodes 193 amino acid residues deduced from DNA sequence, which have an intron. Except for the extra thrombin cleavage site of 18 bp, comparison with previously published sequence showed 79.20% homologies in nucleotide sequence and 91.21% in amino acid sequence respectively. The deduced protein has the same structural regions, an amphipathic N-terminal region, a central hydrophobic domain, and an amphipathic C-terminal domain.

  Pre-mRNA Splicing of Genes in a TMV Viral Vector Ye Xinfu,, Quinn Li 2005, 21 (2):  31-31.  Abstract + ( 1600 )   PDF ( 1080059KB )   ( 583 ) By the previous studies, it was reported that the TMV gene exsists only in cytoplasm and the splicing of pre-mRNA, which occures in nuleus, does not happen in cytoplasm. But in this study, we found that the expression of GUS harbored in vector of TMV coincided with intron splicing of pre-mRNA. In an attempt to use TMV vector to express a fusion protein in Nicotiana benthenmiana , a GUS gene with an intron was cloned into the vector, Supprisingly, the GUS gene was expressed at high level. Reverse-transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), DNA sequencing and GUS-INTRON gene mutant analyses of transcripts show an event of intron splicing happened with the GUS gene.

  Influence of Trans-Bacillus subtilis fibrinolytic enzymic gene on Oxygen Radical and Protective Enzyme System in Tobacco Li Guojing,, Jiang Shuyuan, Wu Zirong, Wang Shuiping, Wang Ruigang,,, 2005, 21 (2):  34-34.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 1186668KB )   ( 721 ) Except one or two period, the quantitiy of oxygen radical and the activities of superoxide dismatase and ascorbic acid peroxidase in the leaves, stems and roots of trans-BSFE gene and its signal peptide and propeptide sequence tobacco were all higher than those of the common tobacco. We infer the change of the quantity of oxygen radical relates with the hydrolyzing activity of BSFE protein, and the change of activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid hydrogen peroxidase ralate with counter-adaptation to the expression of exogenons BSFE gene and its product accumulation of the transgenic tobacco.

  Study on the Procedure of Maize Microspore Culture with Higher Frequency of Plant Regeneration Lu Ruiju,, Wang Yifei,, Sun Yuefang,, Zhou Runmei, Shen Xuefang, Wang Yifa, Huang Jianhua, 2005, 21 (2):  38-38.  Abstract + ( 1581 )   PDF ( 1051748KB )   ( 672 ) Donor maize plants grown in the fields was used as experimental materials, study of technique optimization was made mainly for improving freq. of microspore survival and ELS formation. The efficient technique for the microspore culture was developed and the response of in vitro culture of isolated microspores was improved. The plantlets were regenerated from the culture. The procedure of isolated microspore culture with higher regeneration was established by the technique optimization and the platform of maize DH breeding was developed. The DH lines of maize was able to be obtained within 1 year and the field test for DH lines could be arranged in the nest year.

  Mapping QTLs for blast resistance in recombination inbred line derived from Waixuan35 and Qisizhan Mao Xingxue, Luo Wenyong, Liu Yanzhuo, Chen Jianwei, Xiao xin, Li Xiaofang 2005, 21 (2):  41-41.  Abstract + ( 1646 )   PDF ( 967392KB )   ( 554 ) A recombination inbred line derived from Waixuan35，a blast resistant rice material adopted widely in South China in 80~90’s, and Qisizhan , the earliest good eating quality variety in Guangdong, were constructed for QTL analysis of blast resistance. Rice blast pathogen strains, ZC-13 and ZC-15, were collected from Guangdong rice regions，and separated by single spore separation. The materials’ blast resistance was identified with single strain inoculation. 2 QTLs on RM117-RM179 have been detected with Mapmaker/exp 3.0 and QTLmapper 2.0. By testing the other 7 resistant cultivars derived from waixuan35, locus RM117 and RM179 come from Waixuan35. This result confirms the conclusion that Interval RM117-RM179 contains important resistant loci.

  The proplast isolation and purification of yellow-seed Rape Fan Chunli, Tao Lan, Lin Na, Wu Xiaoliang 2005, 21 (2):  43-43.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   PDF ( 982601KB )   ( 709 ) Proplasts were isolated and purified from hypocotyls and plantlet of two yellow-seed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars SH21 and Yuhuang No.1 .Low temperature treatment during seed generation could apparently increase the vigour of protoplasts. The yield of protoplasts was effect by different enzyme. The method of purification called filtrate-centrifugl-float, floated by 21%sucrose and centrifugalized at 800 r/min is better.

  Study On the Technique of Improving Leaf Callus Induction and Buds Differentiation and Strengthen Seedling In Anthurium andraeanum Xia Shiyun，Mai Yuling，Xu jiyong,Zhang Tianqun,Lin Shuhan, Huang Weixiong 2005, 21 (2):  45-45.  Abstract + ( 1897 )   PDF ( 1208617KB )   ( 953 ) The effects of different mediums, carbon sources, light treatment and active carbon on callus induction and buds differentiation from young leaf in Anthurium andraeanum lind have been studied in this paper. The results showed that the improved MS with 6-BA 1.0 mg/l + 2,4-D 0.1 mg/l and glucose 30 g/l at darkness condition were favorable to increase callus induction; The subculture medium supplemented with active carbon 1.0g/l was suitable to increase callus proliferation and to strengthen seedling. The differences of callus induction and buds differentiation among varieties in Anthurium andraeanum were exist. No necessary for inducing root formation was needed. The survival rate of plants transplanted on a large scale was more than 95%.

  Research of Molecular Marker Technology for Maize in China Cheng Weidong , Zhou Wenlang 2005, 21 (2):  49-49.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 1308263KB )   ( 1051 ) The summary of this paper is the progresses of the applications of molecular marker technology in studying on maize in China, including: (1) the applications of molecular marker technology in maize genetic diversity research; (2) the predict research of maize heterosis and yield by molecular marker technology; (3) study on maize target gene and QTL mapping using molecular marker; (4) The application of molecular marker on fingerprint establishing of maize DNA and seed testing. The future prospects of molecular marker study on maize will be: (1) Mapping and marking the genes with high-yield, quality and resistant to stress from the study of finding, identifying, classifying and utilizing of maize special germplasm through molecular marker technology in order to increase the efficiency of maize breeding; (2) Accurately mapping the genes of resistant to stresses of maize by molecular marker technology for their clone, transformation, utilization and AMS in order to reduce the times of maize breeding; (3) With the improvement and faultless of molecular marker technology, the development of DNA fingerprint computer software in maize, check technology with schedulium, oversimplify and automatic will be economic, fast and exact for maize seed testing.

  The Technology of EST(Expressed Sequence Tag) and its Applications Yu Fengchi 2005, 21 (2):  54-54.  Abstract + ( 1617 )   PDF ( 1353566KB )   ( 1469 ) EST is a partial sequence of a group of cDNA and its normal length is 150~500bp. They were obtained from large-scale randomly sequencing of cDNA clones. One EST represents an expressed gene of one organism or cell at one time. Principle and method of EST technology and its applications, such as constructing genetic map, separating and identifying new genes, the research of expressed gene map, the research of comparing genomics, preparing DNA microarray were summarized in this article.

  Progress of Study on the Identification Techniques of insect-resistant Transgenic Plants Zhou Yuliang 2005, 21 (2):  59-59.  Abstract + ( 1563 )   PDF ( 1103822KB )   ( 774 ) Because of crops seriously damaged by pests, the production of crops was suffering a heavy loss. it would not only ease the anti-pesticide capability of pests but also cause environmental pollution if pesticide was used. In recent years, with transgenic engineering constant deepening, insect-resistant transformation rapidly developed. There were many ways to detection transgenic plants. In this paper, the techniques and principles of marker gene, molecular marker and immune techniques were introduced to identification insect-resistant transgenic plants.

  Useage and Seleetion of Wheat Anther Culture Resporse Materoal Jiang XiuFang, Zheng Jizhou, Deng Cunxia, Han Yulin, Wang Fengzhen 2005, 21 (2):  62-62.  Abstract + ( 1498 )   PDF ( 1042981KB )   ( 620 ) Spend to cultivate Kind is one breeding fast efficiently channel, adopt two medium recorer to injure organization guide training base for 20 wheat combination materids spend to cultivate analysis,show as a result :Wheat flower cultivate to recorer wornd organization guide training base k is better than C17,green spront yield is the 3.5 times of C17 much. Different gene materiad coloured medicine training force discvepancy is greater the high training force gerle profile that screens a batch of difference expects,cultivates Kind officiency for having the purpose hybrid combination of matched stack that offers basis and raising flower.

  Study on the Difference of the Durable Storage Character of Rice Grain with the Loss of Lipoxygenase Isoenzymes Song Mei,, Zhang ying,, Wu Jingde, Yu Zengliang, Tong Jiping, Zheng Leya, Cheng Can,, Liu Binmei,, She Dehong, Wu Yuejin, 2005, 21 (2):  65-65.  Abstract + ( 1283 )   PDF ( 1204930KB )   ( 657 ) It is shown through accelerated aging tests that among all materials D1308, D1311 with null- LOX-1, LOX-2 and LOX-3 have the highest germination ratio and the lowest aging index ;wanjian2090 and D1305 with null- LOX-1、LOX-2 are more storageble than those with null- LOX-2, LOX-3 and those with null- LOX-2 or null- LOX-3; D1304, D1312 with null- LOX-2, LOX-3 are not apparently more storageble than those with null- LOX-2 or null- LOX-3.It indicates the effects of null- LOX-1 are more profound than those of null- LOX-2 or null- LOX-3. The materials lacking single or compound lipoxygenase have much better storage character than those common ones .The lacking of lipoxygenase can stave the rice from deteriation effectively and the lacking of LOX-1 cut off or stave the lipid superoxidation which are triggered by LOX-2 and LOX-3.Above all LOX-1 is probably the key gene responsible for the long life span of rice grains.

  Correlation of Dough Stickiness with Main Wheat Quality Parameters Zhang Huawen, Tian Jichun, Liu Yanling 2005, 21 (2):  69-69.  Abstract + ( 2357 )   PDF ( 1040478KB )   ( 1077 ) Thirty-two different wheat varieties were used to measure dough stickiness, protein content, gluten index and dough rheological properties. The relation between dough stickiness and main wheat quality parameters was determined by the correlation analysis. The results are as follows：First, dough stickiness properties were remarkable correlated with many flour quality parameters, so dough stickiness properties can be used to evaluate wheat flour. Second, wheat dough stickiness were significant negative correlated with some quality that indicate dough strength quality index of intensity, indicate that wheat dough stickiness properties with wheat gluten strength intensity of dough and the resist intensity of dough be rubbing and mixing have remarkable negative correlation, so if reduce the stickiness of the dough, can improve the strength of gluten, the gluten quality, the resisting ability of rubbing and mixing.

  Studies on Grain Quality of Transgenic Insect-resistance rice He Longfei, Mo Changming, Li Chuangzhen, Lu Sheng’an, Zhang Yinglan, Ma Zhong, Li Zhigang, Wang Aiqin 2005, 21 (2):  72-72.  Abstract + ( 1722 )   PDF ( 1063539KB )   ( 678 ) The paper deals with the variations of grain quality of transgenic rice with sck gene. Compared with control, processing quality, gelatinization temperature of transgenic rice lines did not vary distinctly. Grain quality of transgenic D62 lines improved, showing grain length/grain width increasing, chalky grain rate and chalkiness area decreasing, gel consistency and protein content increasing. Grain quality of transgenic M81 lines decreased, and apparent quality, gel consistency and protein content decreased. C162S had not changed distinctly.

  Effects of Salicylic Acid on Quality of Banana after Harvest Li Wen,, Shao Yuanzhi, Chen Weixin 2005, 21 (2):  75-75.  Abstract + ( 1942 )   PDF ( 1077250KB )   ( 964 ) The softening and rotting are main problems in storage of banana fruits. The effects of Salicylic Acid (SA) on the ripening of banana were studied. The results showed that the treatment of the fruits by dipping in 500 μmol SA solutions for 6 hours had remarkable effects on keeping pulp firmness, decreasing the ratio of pulp to peel, delaying the degradation of starch and the accumulation of total soluble sugar. But too high concentration of SA (≥1000 μmol) was found to have no appreciable effects on the storage of fruit.

  Green Food Peanut Base Developments and High Produce to Educate the Technique Research Wu Jihua, Zhou Shuai, Li Ke, Liu Shuixian 2005, 21 (2):  78-78.  Abstract + ( 1685 )   PDF ( 1127897KB )   ( 796 ) The choice have no industry" three discard" pollution, Match the standard ecosystem in quantity in environment(soil, fluid matter, atmosphere) district be used as the green food peanut produces the base. The middle and small fruit produces the area adoption with summer plastic film mulch cultivation in Yunan. In Yudong and Yubei, the big fruit produces area with the small-ridge wheat set grows or the wide-ridge wheat plastic film mulch cultivation. Pass to choose to use the good species, it is excellent to turn the formulation applies fertilizer, Synthesizing the prevention and cure disease insect harms, the agriculture measure controls the Aspergillus flavus the pollution the etc. measure. Peanuts production can amount to 6000~7500 ㎏/ hm2,export the price( shelled peanut) the higher than common peanut outing 1200 yuan/ t, increase to accept to amount to 2700~ 3600 yuan/ hm2.

  The analysis of efficient planting pattern and benefit of flue-cured tobacco barley and peanut riped three times in one year Xu Dafang , Li Zhang , Wang Hang, Wang Conglong, Ma Jingmin 2005, 21 (2):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1978 )   PDF ( 992148KB )   ( 681 ) The main technical measures and planting notice that the flue-cured tobacco, barley and peanut riped three times in one year were studied, the benefit of which was also analyzed. It was showed that the net income that the tobacco grower earned could exceed 29,250 yuan/hm2 at this pattern, which increased 11250yuan/hm2 when compared with the pattern that only planting tobacco, and it also had obvious economic benefit and social effect.

  Study on Konjak mannan as Antistaling Agent for Chinese nut Zhang Zhongliang, Lu Zhoumin, Li Wenhua 2005, 21 (2):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1465 )   PDF ( 966229KB )   ( 649 ) We had done the experiment of Knojak mannan as antistling agent for Chinese nut from October 2002 to April in College of Forestry, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry. Compared with contrast in four treatments, 0.3% Knojak mannan and 0.3% Knojak mannan plus 0.2% Calcium propionic two treatments made respectively respiration strength reduce 53.7% and 54.1% as well as made respectively rate of loss water reduce 34.1% and 41.3%. Chinese nut treated stored no mildew and rot at 0~2℃ for 6 months.

  Studies on Photosynthetic Characters of Soybean Pods and Blades Canb Jing, Wang Xuedong, Cui Lin, Hao Zaibin, Min Li 2005, 21 (2):  85-85.  Abstract + ( 1547 )   PDF ( 1077874KB )   ( 605 ) Soybean varieties of DongNong 42 and DongNong 163 were used as materials in this experiment .The characters including contents of chlorophyll、amino acid、 carbohydrate、 photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were analyzed in soybean blades and pods. The results showed that the content of total chlorophyll in soybean pods is 1~2 percent of content of total chlorophyll in soybean blades. Photosynthetic rate is positively correlated with content of chlorophyll in soybean pods. The contents of reducsugar and starch in pods are higher than those in blades. But the contents of protein and amino acid in pods are lower than those in blades. The characters of protein, reducsugar, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate show differences between different varieties.

  Progress of Study on Sweet Potato Viruses Detection Techniques Ma LiZhang Chunqing,Zhou Yuliang 2005, 21 (2):  88-88.  Abstract + ( 1527 )   in this paper, SPFMV, SPLV, SPFMMV, SPCSV and SPVMV etc. more than 10 kinds of viruses are briefly summed up. The principles and features of main detection techniques such as biology, serology, and molecular biology are introduced in detail. Biology technique is based on appearance symptom on sweet potato or Ipomoea Setosa after they are infected to identify virus. But it need long period and is apt to be limited by season. Based on coat protein(CP) of virus, serology detects virus during peculiar immunology reaction of antibody and antigen. But it can’t detect virus without CP and preparing antibody need more time. The molecular biology method is based on nucleic acid to detect virus. This technique has high sensitivity, strong veracity, wide suitability etc.

  Discussion on Yield Index of South China Super Rice Chen Youding 2005, 21 (2):  92-92.  Abstract + ( 1269 )   PDF ( 971337KB )   ( 548 ) In this paper, the essential reason that the absolute yield of South China super rice in contradiction to the yield per day was analyzed, it due to the different durations between the varieties and combinations. The yield index system of South China super rice that determined by the duration and quality of the varieties and combination was put forward according to the special climate and ecological environment condition in South China and the rapid quality course of the varieties and combinations in South China.

  Progress of the Study on Dioscorea Panthcica Xu Ya-jun Guo Hua-chun 2005, 21 (2):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 2371 )   PDF ( 1147473KB )   ( 787 ) Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burkill is a kind of important medicine resources, it’s chemical constituents, pharmacological activities of diosgenin and cultivate technology are reviewed. Diosgenin is primary，progenin(Ⅰ)、progenin(Ⅱ)、(dioscin，Ⅲ)、(Gracillin，Ⅳ) and pesudoproto-dioscin(v)are several simple chemica compounds presently. The pharmacologic experimental results showed that diosgenin have effects on lowing blood lipids level and remedying angina. The cultivate experimental results showed that fertilizer have effects on roots growth and diosgenin content.，diosgenin content accumulate regulation showing a positive proportion to growth phenophases and planting time.

  Initial Culture of Cinnamomum caphora (L.) Presl in vitro Gu Xirong, Huang Jianguo, Yang Qing 2005, 21 (2):  97-97.  Abstract + ( 1151 )   PDF ( 1190892KB )   ( 669 ) In order to get the optimal medium to culture Cinnamomum caphora (L.) Prest. in it, semi-ligneous stem sections of a dominant tree in a mature forest were used as explants and orthogonal layout L9(34) with the compound of three elements (macroelements, BA and NAA) with three levels was adopted in this study. Four weeks later, either axillary sprouts or callus or both were produced by the stem sections cultured in all media. The results showed that the tested three factors have significantly affected the growth of sprouts and callus. Macroelements in MS medium and the highest concentration of BA were the optimal for the growth of sprouts, whereas the optimal conditions to develop callus were the highest concentration of NAA and the lowest concentration of BA. In addition, the sprouts flourished when the ratio of BA/NAA was equal to 40. However, the optimal value of BA/NAA to develop callus was 5 which was the lowest one among the ratios. Although the optimal medium to develop axillary sprouts was MS+BA2.0(mg./L)+NAA0.05(mg./L) and the optimal medium to produce callus was 1/2MS+BA0.5(mg./L)+NAA0.1(mg./L) in this study, the concentration of BA could be increased to develop more sprouts and we could get more callus by increasing concentration of NAA either lower concentration of BA for further study.

  Study on Reform Collective Forestry's Property Relations in China 2005, 21 (2):  103-103.  Abstract + ( 1421 )   PDF ( 1516518KB )   ( 687 ) The property right has function that is encouraged and reallocates, there are competition relations between these two functions. The change of China's collective forestry's property relations, reflect efficiency and fair choice all the time, occupying the leading status " fairly" during a very long period, thus cause the property right performance of the collective forestry of China to be low. The property right is fuzzy, the property right is unstable, the property right is incomplete and the property right is dispersed is that China's collective forestry's property relations reform the problem faced. Train of thought solved: First, to forestry's property right characteristic, strengthen the property right function; Second, perfect forestry's legal system, standardize government's behavior; Third, implement the power of management of the forestry, advance right to use to be circulated again.

  Study on the Effect of Plant Density on the Agronomic Characters of Super-high Yield Spring Soybean Zhai Yunlong, Zhang Jianxin, Xue Lihua, Li Ning 2005, 21 (2):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1389 )   PDF ( 1072151KB )   ( 619 ) The effect of plant density on the plant character, yield character and yield, the trait of changing trends of the leaf area per plant and leaf area index（LAI）were studied under the condition of super-high yield in this experiment. The result showed that plant height and the height of bottom pods were heightened along with the increase of density. The thickness of stalk, nods, branch of No., length of branch reduced along with the increase of density. The lodging on soybean was sharpened along with the increase of density. The No. of effectual pods and seeds per plant, seed weight per plant reduced along with the increase of density. The relation of 100 seeds weight and plant density wasn’t prominent. LAI increased along with the increase of density. The comprehensive performance of 45.0 plants per ha was the best, with the yield per ha 5547.81kg.

  The Integrated Analysis on Distant Hybridization Cotton Variety Shiyuan321 Li Ai guo 2005, 21 (2):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 1064185KB )   ( 634 ) Using G.barbadense G.thurberi and G. hirsutum crossing through distant hybridization of cotton, By dropping GA3(50ppm) and NAA(40ppm) on the pollinated flower,hybrid embryo culture,and in Vitro Colchicine treatment ,backcrossing to the hybrid , through continual selecting and breeding ,cultivate cotton new variety ShiYuan 321. It’s seed yield and lint yield and prefrose lint yield is the first of all the test varieties in the cotton regional test for the Yellow River Valley in 1993-1994. Its mean prefrost lint yield were 885kg.hm-2,19.7% higher than those of control “Zhongmiansuo”12 respectively ,it is the largest variety of prefrost lint yield than the control in the cotton regional test for the Yellow River Valley between 1982~2000.

  The Study on the Interplanting Technique between Spring Corn and Spring Soybean Liu Weiming 2005, 21 (2):  115-115.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   PDF ( 1030057KB )   ( 636 ) The planting width of spring corn and spring soybean interplanting, density of spring corn and spring soybean were studied by designs of regression with orthogonal, rotable and composite and setting field parameter test. The second-order regression models were established about the total yield of spring corn and spring soybean interplanting yield of spring corn, yield of spring soybean and net value by analyzing the test results. The planting width of spring corn and spring soybean interplanting and the compound group constitution were perfected by factor efficiency analysis and computer simulation perfecting in the base of models.

  Study on Temperature Insensitivity of Characters of Agronomy and Quality in the American Rice Variety Zhong Bingqiang, Yang Zhenglin, Ran Qiliang, He Guanghua 2005, 21 (2):  118-118.  Abstract + ( 1309 )   PDF ( 1172407KB )   ( 713 ) The IV (insensitivity value) of characters of agronomy and quality in between 32 American and 12 Chinese key rice breeds have been evaluated, and the quality characters in between the most insensitive 14 American and 5 Chinese rice breeds have been contrasted. The results showed that the American rice breeds are insensitive in the rate of chalk, brown rice and head rice, especially in chalk rate. Also we selected several breeds, which are the most insensitive against temperature such as C94-403, Lemont etc. The utilization of those varieties is discussed in hybrid rice breeding in Chongqing.

  Studies on Ecological Cause for Increasing Production of Utilzing Advantage of Boundary Row in Rice Wang Wencheng , Zhang Shengjing ,Du Weijun 2005, 21 (2):  122-122.  Abstract + ( 1434 )   PDF ( 1114533KB )   ( 629 ) Changes of some index about two different planting patterns (wide-narrow ridge and equal ridge) of paddy were studied, which include illumination intensity of different layers, temperature and humidity between rows，number of tassel per cave , number of seeds per tassel, index of boundary effect about the number of stems per cave in different period of tiller. The results showed that when planted in wide-narrow ridge，the illumination intensity and rate of pervious to light are remarkably increased，while temperature and humidity between rows decreased，and the condition of light and temperature in the colony are greatly improved. Some index are decreased such as the index of boundary effect about temperature and humidity of colony in row，the number of tassel per cave， the number of seeds per tassel　and the number of stems per cave in different period of tiller. which demonstrate that after planting in wide-narrow ridge，the difference of growth in the colony and boundary row is reduced，while the growth advantage of individual in the colony is developed，so it arrives at the purpose of taking advantage of boundary row to increase production.

  Study on Hereditary Regularity of Protein Content in Wheat Li Shiping, Wang Suibao, Yang Yujing, Jing Jinlian, Zheng Caiping 2005, 21 (2):  126-126.  Abstract + ( 1661 )   PDF ( 1027128KB )   ( 708 ) The expression of wheat grain protein content in F1 as well as descendant F2 were studied.The result showed that the genes that control protein content transmitted to the descendants were mainly based on additive effect,but also with the non-additive effect.The grain protein content of F1 was highly related to the average value of both parents,and the protein content in descendant F2 appeared in normal distribution.The variance of general combining ability is larger than that of special combining ability.On parents,choicing of quality breeding,general combining ability is more important than the special combining ability,and should emphasize the appraisal and use of parents with high combining ability on protein content.The heritability in broad and narrow sense were calculated. Improved mothed on protein quantity is analysesed too.

  Preliminary Study on Optimum Planting Density of the Elite Hybride Rice DianZa31(japonic) in Different Altitude Jin Shoulin, Zhang Zi’an, Liou Zhengwei, Tan Xuelin 2005, 21 (2):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1567 )   PDF ( 1057026KB )   ( 566 ) The planting density experiment of the elite Dian type(japonic) hybride rice DianZa31 were conducted in two different area .one is in Mouding county where it is in warm japonic rice area , Yunnan, the other is in Dali city where it is in cool-warm japonic rice area , Yunnan. The results show that, in warm japonic rice area ,Dianza31's optimum planting density is 300,000 hills per hm2 and two seedlings per hills; in cool-warm japonic rice area , it's optimum planting density is 450,000 hills per hm2 and two seedling per hill. the difference between the yields of different planting density is significant at 5% level in both experiments.

  ntroduction and Applications of High Quality Rice Variety---Shangyu418 Guan Shiwu 2005, 21 (2):  132-132.  Abstract + ( 1173 )   PDF ( 1006397KB )   ( 659 ) Shangyu418 was introduced by Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences form Japan in 1995.The variety is characterized by high quality，early Maturity，resistance to cold and wide adaptation. It has been used successfully in commercial and breeding programs in China.

  Discussion about the Creation of Rice Germplasm Resource in the Cool Area from the Successful Ttial Planting of Rice Variety Kongyu131 (Sun shuhong) 2005, 21 (2):  134-134.  Abstract + ( 1198 )   PDF ( 992971KB )   ( 719 ) Kongyu131 area is first in Heilongjiang province in a few years Because of it’s ripe stage, stable yield, high yiel, good quality, cool tolerance, resisting fall. Pyricularia oryzae Cav is more and more by year and year. So we evaluate exactly it. Probe into the way of how to creat rice germplasm resource from problem of rice breeding in the cool area--- creation by ourself and citing excellent germplasm resource.

  The High Yield Stability Analysis of New Wheat Varieties in Shandong Province Liu Zhaoye, Han Qixiu, Yu Jingchuan, Chi Aihua, Wang Li 2005, 21 (2):  136-136.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   PDF ( 949381KB )   ( 641 ) Using the high stability coefficient, coefficient of variation and stability parameter judged productivity and stability of 13 new varieties of the 2001—2002's higher soil fertility group in wheat variety area test of Shandong. The results revealed that Yan 475, Yannong 23 were the best new wheat varieties that converged genotypes of productivity and stability; Wei 62036 had definite high yield potential, but stability was worse slightly. The conclusions derived from the three methods were similar substantially. HSC is a simple and effective method that judged crop’s productivity and stability.

  The Breeding of the Hybrid Maize of Shaandan 8813 Li Fengyan, Zhang Xinghua, Liu Xiang 2005, 21 (2):  138-138.  Abstract + ( 1796 )   PDF ( 981401KB )   ( 596 ) New maize hybrid Shaandan 8813 was accomplished using self-selection inbred line L102 as female parent and foreign inbred line 138 as male parent. The breeding work was finished by It was registered in 2003 by the crop variety registered commission of Shaanxi province. There are many good characters such as high yield, resistance disease, good quality, better adaptability ect. The period of growth and development are 115~120 days by spring plant and 100~105 days by summer plant. The fit plant areas of Shaandan 8813 are Shaanxi province and the same kind areas.

  A Test on Wheat Intercropping in Luonan of Shaanxi Hong Xiaoqiang, Li Haobo, Lei Haining 2005, 21 (2):  140-140.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   PDF ( 1096763KB )   ( 507 ) Varieties, sowing norm, fertilizer and film mulching were selected in the test. The effect sequence of four factor on wheat yield was showed in high soil rapidly available nitrogen and low rapidly available phosphorus: sowing norm>fertilizer >film mulching>varieties. It was showed that the cultural scheme of optimum yield: variety was Shaan Mai 150, sowing norm was 2.4×106 kernels/ hm2, fertilizer was P2O5 135+N 180 kg/hm2, cultural method was film mulching.

  Comprehensive Representation and Plant Technology of New Sesame Cultivar Zhengzhi 97C01 Zhang Tide, Zhang Haiyang, Wei Shuangling, Zheng Yongzhan, Mei Hongxian, Wang Baoqin 2005, 21 (2):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   PDF ( 1015024KB )   ( 585 ) Comprehensive Analyses of Zhengzhi97C01 were carried out. The results Showed that Zhengzhi97C01 was a new sesame cultivar with high stability, good quality and multi-resistance to diseases, Ordinary it was bearing about 90 days, per unit area yield exceed 1200 kg/hm2, fattiness content 56.1%, proteid content 19.27%,Macrophomina phaseolia(Tassi)Goid illnesss index 2.16, Fusavium Vasinfectum Atk. illnesss index 1.63.And brought forward correlative high yield plant technology.

  The Characteristic and the Spring Cultivation Techniques with High-yield of Zhongshu No.3 Du Zhigui, Zhang Hanhui, He Lufang 2005, 21 (2):  145-145.  Abstract + ( 1326 )   PDF ( 981401KB )   ( 548 ) A new variety of potato-Zhongshu No.3 has the characteristics of put forth seedlings early and regular, high yielding, great potentialities of increase production, a good many big and medium potato, good potato that it hasn’t crack and green peel, strong resistance with Streptomyces scabies Waks et Henrici, a little longer growth stage. Zhongshu No. 3 taking the place of Dongnong 303 becomes staple variety of potato in Zhejiang. The key techniques for spring high yielding cultivation of Zhongshu No.3, select and handle seed, seed on time, close planting rationally, apply basic fertilizer enough, cover membrane, strengthen manage, prevent diseases and insect pests.

  Effects of Ethephon Sprayed at Early Stage on the Vascular Bundle Structures and Contents of Silicon, Magnesium and Zinc in Leaves of Two Sugarcane Varieties Zhou Qiong, Li Yangrui,, Lin Jianzhao, Ye Yanping, Yang Litao 2005, 21 (2):  147-147.  Abstract + ( 1706 )   PDF ( 1066828KB )   ( 591 ) Foliar spray of 100 mg/L of etherphon was done with two sugarcane varieties G11 and ROC20 at early tillering stage. The main results were as follows: (1) For variety ROC20, the ethephon treatment enhanced remarkably the density of vascular bundles and enlarged the areas of epigenetic vessels and phloem, and resulted in more silicon but less zinc in the leaves as compared with the control. (2) For variety GT11, the ethephon treatment increased the contents of silicon, magnesium and zinc, but no obvious effects were found on the vascular bundle structures in the leaves.

  Research Progress in Endophytic diazotroph Qin Liping, Huang Siliang, Li Yangrui, 2005, 21 (2):  150-150.  Abstract + ( 1854 )   PDF ( 1133058KB )   ( 1632 ) Endophytic diazotrophs is the microorganisms colonizing and fixing nitrogen within plants. These microorganisms have been found that they may function as bio-control and plant growth -promoting agents. The study on Endophytic diazotrophs was started in 1980s. Up to today, multiple Endophytic diazotrophs have been isolated from various crops such as sugarcane, rice. The review expounds the research progress in Endophytic diazotrophs. The physiological and biological characters, infection way, dissemination path, nitrogen-fixation mechanism of several Endophytic diazotrophs including Acetobater diazotrophicus are explicated. The possibility, significance and existing problems in Endophytic diazotroph application are also discussed.

  Effects of Low-phosphorus and Drought Stresses on Protective Enzyme Activities of Soybean Zhong Peng, Zhu Zhanlin, Li Zhigang, Wang Jianli Zhang Yuling 2005, 21 (2):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 979247KB )   ( 760 ) Under different water and phosphorous conditions, the contents of MDA and activities of SOD and POD of soybean leaves were determined during two kinds of incubation. The results showed that MDA content increase and cell membranes damage of leaves. The SOD POD and CAT could decrease the MDA accumulation. Under drought stresses, phosphorous could not only keep lower MDA efficiently in soybean leaves, but also could increase the SOD POD and CAT activities.

  Study on Variation in Characteristics of Phosphorus Efficiency among Different Soybean Genotypes at Seedling Stage under Phosphorus Stress Wang Cong, Liu Yuping, Li Xiuhui, Cheng Xiaodong, Li Zhigang 2005, 21 (2):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1313 )   PDF ( 1224302KB )   ( 727 ) Under the condition [0mmol/L(P),raise in vermiculite] of phosphorus stress, variation in root morphology and biomass among different soybean genotypes at seedling stage were studied, the result shows: At two-leaf age, higher P-efficiency genotypes(K1 and K2) don’t develop their potential advantages; at four-leaf age, some characteristics of K1 and K2, such as lateral root number, lateral root length, root absorbent area and dry weight of shoot are all less reduced than those of intermediate P-efficiency genotypes(Z1 and Z2) and of lower P-efficiency genotypes(M1 and M2), and dry weight of root and R/S of higher P-efficiency genotypes are more increased than those of the others. The comprehensive evaluation indicates that comprehensive value (comprehensive index of evaluating characteristics of P-efficiency) of K1 and K2 are both larger significantly than those of Z1 and Z2 and of M1 and M2, it shows that K1 and K2 have stronger capability of tolerance to P deficiency than the other genotypes. But it is not true that all characteristics of higher P-efficiency genotypes have an advantage over intermediate P-efficiency and lower P-efficiency genotypes; root surface area and active absorption area can be used to evaluate characteristics of P efficiency, and four-leaf age is the right age to screen soybean genotypes with tolerance to P deficiency.

  The Effects of Combined Application Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizers on Fertility of Red Soil Wang Boren, Xu Minggang, Wen Shilin 2005, 21 (2):  160-160.  Abstract + ( 1503 )   PDF ( 1166452KB )   ( 664 ) The soils from different fertilizers application treatments in the long-term experiment on red soil upland were analyzed. The results showed that the effect of the treatments with different fertilizers application on soil characteristics in red soil upland was very significant. The soil labile organic matter decreased 39% after applying chemical fertilizers only for 13 years. It increased 16.9% for the NPKS treatment, and 11% for M. The amount of soil microbes and the activity of soil enzyme in the treatments with long-term application of straw and organic manure were higher significantly than that in the treatments with long-term application of chemical fertilizers, and it was the lowest in the treatment with long-term application of chemical N fertilizer only. The soil was severely acidified and the yield of corn was obviously decreased after long-term applying chemical fertilizers on red soil upland. The results of average crop biomass yields from 13 years showed that the yield of N, NPK, NPKS, M and NPKM treatment increased 24.9%, 267%, 319%, 267% and 367%, respectively, compared with control treatment. Applying straw and organic manure could prevent soil acidification, and enhance the availability of soil nutrients and utilization efficiency of fertilizers.

  Effects of Soil Power on the Yield and Quality of Squash in Greenhouse Yang Zhenchao, Chen Shuangchen, Zou Zhirong 2005, 21 (2):  164-164.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 1128458KB )   ( 639 ) The effects of soil power application on the growth，yield and quality of greenhouse squash were studied. The results showed that the treatments could enhance disease resistance，yield and quality of squash were improved，chemical and physical characters and available nutrition were also modulated. Comparing with CK, 27.49% more height，29.55% more vigor of root，27.77% more leave areas，33.51% more yield，21.4% more Vc，24.91% more Ca content were obtained. Comprehensively considering the effects on the growth and development of squash of different treatments，the level on 50kg/666.7m2 of soil power behaved best.

  Measurements of Ammonia Volatilization from Paddy Soils Zou Changming, Yan Xiaoyuan, K. Yagi 2005, 21 (2):  167-167.  Abstract + ( 1543 )   PDF ( 1186417KB )   ( 616 ) Ammonia volatilization was measured with the enclosure method in the laboratory in Japanese International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS) in 2000. The object was to test the effect of air flow-rate, temperature and application method of urea on ammonia volatilization from paddy soils. The results showed that ammonia volatilization increased with the increase of air flow-rate and temperature. The peak of ammonia volatilization was 5~8 days after urea applied. There was almost not any ammonia volatilization on the 18th day after urea applied. Tillage after application decreased ammonia volatilization. Application CaCO3 before urea increased largely ammonia volatilization because the soil pH increased. The accumulated ammonia loss in the treatments was 26.4%~57.3%. So, ammonia volatilization is the main loss way of urea in paddy soils.

  Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer Content on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Li Yumei, Xu Qian, Xiong Dezhong 2005, 21 (2):  171-171.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   PDF ( 1165324KB )   ( 724 ) The experiment results showed that sulfur deficiency, especially fertilized less sulfur than 0.18g/kg, decreased soluble-protein content in flue-cured tobacco leaves. Meanwhile the amino-acids content was decreased on the conditions that sulfur fertilizer was deficient, and the addition of sulfur fertilizer was beyond 0.18 g/kg. The sulfur fertilizer of 37.5~112.5 kg/hm2 improved effectively the flue-cured tobacco. And the treatment with 75.0 kg/hm2 was recommended for flue-cured tobacco, yield and income increased by 11.73%, 10.67% than that of CK. If sulfur fertilizers increased to 225.0 kg/hm2, yield and income decreased 18.77%, 17.14% respectively compared with the treatment of 75.0 kg/hm2, the ratio of high- rate leaves also decreased by 9.9%.

  Effect of Density and Fertilizer on High-oil Maize Wu Jianming Lu Guoying Liang He 2005, 21 (2):  175-175.  Abstract + ( 1335 )   PDF ( 1047623KB )   ( 636 ) The factor of density (A) and(B) fertilizer was designed on three levels in the experiment. The results indicated that the density and fertilizer had obvious effects on the agronomic characteristics and yield of high-oil maize 115. When the density was 52500 plants/hm2 and the volume of fertilizer delivery was N of 360kg/hm2, P2O5 of 120kg/hm2, K2O of180kg/hm2, the agronomic characteristics was best and the yield was highest (6876.45 kg/hm2).

  The Effect of Different Douche Ways on Soil Secondary Salinization Wang Ying 2005, 21 (2):  178-178.  Abstract + ( 1094 )   PDF ( 1059828KB )   ( 712 ) The study is mainly about the irrigating of Song Nen plain region and its water –salt sport environment condition and artificial factor etc. The prevention and suggestion is brought up, it is important for a good drain system for preventing soil secondary salinization, it can lowerer the underground water lever and ejecter the soil salt in order to adapt to douche and drain.

  The Existences and Characters of Iron Oxides in Brown Soil of Different Land Use Systems LIU Ye, GUAN Lianzhu, ZHANG Ruijie, ZHUNing, CUIGuifang, YAN Li 2005, 21 (2):  181-181.  Abstract + ( 1844 )   PDF ( 1053942KB )   ( 791 ) Study was on the existing states and differential characteristics of three forms of the iron oxides different land use systems of brown soil. The results show: (1) the number of free iron oxides or active iron oxides or crystal iron oxides are different in the surface horizons of different land use systems. (2)the variation of free degree and activation degree show that till can promote the product of free iron oxides and hold back to form crystal iron oxides. (3) In the range of 0~60cm of the pedons, three kinds of iron oxides gathered downwards, but their mobility are different. The conversion and distribution of iron oxides related with organism and composition of particles is a compound process.

  Effects of Si, Ca, K, Fertilizer Applications on Dried Radix Rehmanniae Wang Cheng, Li Baolai, Yang Anming 2005, 21 (2):  184-184.  Abstract + ( 1479 )   PDF ( 1040334KB )   ( 604 ) Experiment on effects of Si, Ca, K fertilizer applications on dried Radix rehmanniae was done. The result showed that among seven treatments, output of dried Radix rehmanniae was highest as the amount of Si, Ca, K fertilizer application was 1500kg per hectare and the fresh output and dry one increased by more 22.44% and 40.57% than one of CK; and that the profit was the best as the amount of Si, Ca, K fertilizer application was 750 kg per hectare and input/output was in turn 6.53 and 18.81 as fresh and dry. The suitable amount of Si, Ca, K fertilizer application thongh regression was 2086.95kg(per hectare) with 24.79 ton fresh output and 2062.2kg with 6.53 ton dry output.

  The effect of soil moisture on growth & development and photosynthetic characteristics of Cucumis statirus L. in solar greenhouse Zhai Sheng，Liang Yinli，Wang Juyuan, Du Sheni 2005, 21 (2):  187-187.  Abstract + ( 1610 )   PDF ( 1243564KB )   ( 640 ) Cucumis statirus L. is one of the vegetables which are not only in great need of water, but also sensitive to it. So it is very important to manage irrigation for realizing high yield and great efficiency. Therefore, the morphological characters, physiological and photosynthetic characteristics under different soil moisture were studied in this paper. The results are shown below: ① Under 80%~90% relative soil moisture(T3), it was much better in growth& development and root/canopy ratio, higher in per cucumber weight and yield, lower in malformation rate than those under lower relative soil moisture(T1: 60%~70%, T2: 70%~80%) and the difference of which between T3 and T1 ,T2 were greatly significant, but there was no significant difference between T3 and T4(90%~100%). If relative soil moisture was kept lower(T1,T2), some bad results came accordingly, such as slower growth, lower height, higher malformation rate of cucumber, lighter per cucumber weight and lower yield than those of T3. Contrarily, higher relative soil moisture(T4) also brought many disadvantageous results, such as expansive growth, lower water use efficiency, tremendous waste of water and comfortable environment for disease and insect pests. ② From the view of photosynthetic characteristics and diurnal variation, Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and light use efficiency grew increasing with the increase of soil moisture. However, water use efficiency took on opposite trend when soil moisture got higher. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and light use efficiency of T2,T3 and T4 presented a double-peak curve and the first peak appeared at 11:00 o’clock, the second one came forth at 15:00 o’clock. Nevertheless, diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics mentioned above of T1 took on a single-peak curve, and the peak emerged at 10:00 o’clock, one hour earlier than that of T2,T3 and T4. The diurnal variation of water use efficiency presented descending trend on the whole.

  The effect of cold pretreatment on microspores development during in vitro culture of tomato anther Zhou Guangdong, Wang Xiufeng, Xie Bing, Zhang de’an 2005, 21 (2):  192-192.  Abstract + ( 1548 )   PDF ( 1214520KB )   ( 810 ) we carried on cold pretreatment experiment during tomato anther culture to study the effect of cold pretreatment on microspores development during tomato anther culture in vitro. The results indicated that: Pathway B、A-V，and A-G, existed in androgenesis of tomato of which pathway B was predominent. Degeneration happened with some pollen; Cold pretreatment could delay degeneration of microspores to a certain extent and advance androgenesis; Cold pretreatment could also enhance the ratio of microspores participated in androgenesis, however pathway B increased greater than pathway A; In the early stage of culturing, cold pretreatment could increase the ratio of uninucleate microspores, which gave more chance for microspores to participate in androgenesis.

  Effects of Hypobaric Treatment on Postharvest Physiology and Storage Effect of Chinese Jujube Lizao Chang Yanping, Wang Rufu 2005, 21 (2):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1449 )   PDF ( 1086785KB )   ( 663 ) The effects of hypobaric treatment on respiration、CAT activity、MDA content、the relative conductivity、Vc content and pulp firmness of Chinese Jujube Lizao were studied. The results showed that hypobaric treatment reduced respiration, significantly remained CAT activity, slowed down the increase of MDA content, reduced the relative conductivity markedly, significantly kept pulp firmness and Vc content, so delayed maturity and senescence of fruit.

  Effects of Exogenous GA3 and ABA treatment on Fruit Quality of Cara Cara Wang Guiyuan, Xia Renxue 2005, 21 (2):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1220 )   PDF ( 968838KB )   ( 547 ) The effects of exogenous GA3 and ABA treatments before fruit coloring on quality of Cara Cara were studied. The results showed that GA3 treatment improved rind brightness but decreased rind redness and per fruit weight; ABA treatment improved rind redness and yellowness but decreased rind brightness and per fruit weight; exogenous GA3 and ABA treatments both didn’t make against internal quality of Cara Cara. Consequently, exogenous GA3 and ABA treatments before fruit coloring both didn’t make against general quality of Cara Cara.

  Green-turf Character in Summer of a New Agrostis stolonifera Strain (Yue xuan No.1) and Effects of High Temperature Stress Qin Guangquan, Chen Ping, Zhou Hougao 2005, 21 (2):  201-201.  Abstract + ( 1865 )   PDF ( 1226720KB )   ( 636 ) Agrostis stolonifera new strain Yue Xuan No.1 was derived from Penncross -cultivar in old green. The green-turf character such as density, green leaf covering, leaf senescence index, content of ascorbic acid was higher significantly than Penncross, and relative membrane permeability was lower in summer in Guangzhou area. Under constant high temperature stress(36℃), the dissociated proline content in leaves of Yue xuan No.1 increased significantly, but that of Penncross did not start increasing significantly until the third day of stress, and the dissociated proline content in leaves of Yue xuan No.1 was higher than that of Penncross. The soluble protein content in leaves of Yue xuan No.1 increased under higher temperature stress, and was higher than that of Penncross, but that of Penncross decreased significantly from the second day of stress. The soluble sugar content in stolon of Yue xuan No.1 increased under stress, and the soluble sugar content of Penncross was higher than that of Yue xuan No.1 the fifth day of stress. The starch content in stolon of Yue xuan No.1 was higher than that of Penncross. There has no significant effects on relative water content and chlorophyll content in leaves under high temperature stress.

  Effect of Several Preservatives on the Quality of Cold Stored Cutlily Song Lili,, Peng Yonghong 2005, 21 (2):  205-205.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 1090760KB )   ( 665 ) Effects of several preservatives on the quality of cold stored cut lily were investigated. The results showed that continuous supply of sucrose together with 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate to cut lily resulted in buds opening satisfactorily and increased their vase life. 50g/L was the most suitable sucrose concentration for the preservative solution of cut lily. The best flower quality were obtained when the cut lilies were pretreated with 2×10-4mol/L silver thiosulphate +100g/L sucrose +100mg/L GA3 for 10h before cold storage at (2±0.5)℃, and kept in a solution containing 150 mg/L HQS+50g/L sucrose +20mg/LGA3 after cold storage.

  Prelimonary Study on Tissue Culure and Proliferation of Dendrobium nobile Wang Yuying, Li Zhilin, Yu Chaoxiou 2005, 21 (2):  208-208.  Abstract + ( 1413 )   PDF ( 1019567KB )   ( 725 ) The Dendrobium nobile in vitro was used as the research material. Discussing the skill and way about its proliferation. The results indicated that the addition combination of 80g/L fruit juice of banana to the 1/2MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+KT1.5mg/L+NAA0.2㎎/L can improve the buds proliferation rate and reach to 340%, and the original grow strong while not appear etiolation.

  The Preliminary Study on Development Character of Flowers-pods and Seeds in Vegetable Soybean Cultivars Yang Jiayin 2005, 21 (2):  210-210.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 1041968KB )   ( 551 ) The experimental results on development character of flowers, pods and seeds in 24 vegetable soybean cultivars showed that there was difference between different maturing types cultivars in reproductive organ development. Compared to late cultivars，Early cultivars were more fast in flower and pod development, short in time and fast in pod shedding. The seed formation focused in three period: fresh seed weight was formed in middle and later stage, pod rind weight in middle and beginning stage, pod weight in middle stage. The development in middle stage was basis of seed formation and key of yield accumulation. The result suggested that 20 days was is the suitable flowering and podding period for vegetable soybean cultivar selection.

  The No-pollnted Production Technology of West Celery in plastic film shed Meng Jingui, Zhang Naiming, Chen Jianjun, Wang Shuming 2005, 21 (2):  213-213.  Abstract + ( 1593 )   PDF ( 1002071KB )   ( 638 ) We Cultivate West Celery in summer and autumn in Plastic film big booth in Yunnan, plastic film big booth of bamboo and wood, skeleton of big booth need direct price 11250 in Yunnan province in every hectare; Plastic film big booth of sharpen of pipe, skeleton of big booth need direct price 150 thousand yuan in every hectare. “Shengdiyaguo”, “Haoluhua”, “Wentula” are better breeds, sow seed from the last ten days of February to April the first ten days of a month is best period. The second or last ten days of April is final singling in seedlings. It is needed to keep soil damp after final singling and to begin top application after fifteen day and apply fertilizer pure nitrogen 135kg, pure potassium 105kg in every hectare. It’s necessary to apply fertilizer to seeding one order in ten day, difference top application with fifteen per cent, twenty per cent, thirty per cent, twenty per cent, fifteen percent to gain the best output of West Celery.

  Analysis of lychee production characters and industry developing in Guangdong Liu Jian-liang, Xiao Chun-cheng, Zhao Chun-xiang ,Song Guang-quan 2005, 21 (2):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1491 )   PDF ( 1208555KB )   ( 691 ) The characters of lychee production in Guangdong are: a. cultivation acreage and production of lychee concentrating relatively in several districts. Maoming city is the largest area of lychee production that the percentages of lychee cultivation acreage and production in 2002 were 46.03% and 38.29% ; b. the lychee main variety constituting dominant proportion of the whole lychee production. the percentages of “heiye” and “baila” cultivation acreage and production in Maoming city in 2003 were 80% and 83.0%; c. the period of lychee on market being short. the period of “heiye” lychee on market from Zhanjiang city to northern districts of lychee production is about 2-month; d. the number of lychee production unit being large, but the scale per unit being small. The cultivation acreage of lychee in Genzi town, Maoming city in 2003 was 4.1khm2, but the number of lychee production unit was upto 135. All these characters of lychee production will cause competition inside lychee industry, to promote progresses in lychee standard cultivation, commodity base in ecological districts, fruit preparation for marketing and managerial system improvement, and to lead lychee industry into two developing modes of individual product and general product.

  Effect of CaCN2 and H2CN2 on Bud-breaking, Blossoming and Fruit Maturing of Wine Grape Fang Yulin, Tao Yongsheng, Li Hua 2005, 21 (2):  219-219.  Abstract + ( 2008 )   PDF ( 1340373KB )   ( 691 ) An experiment on prompting viticulture in the field was done during Oct., 2001-Aug., 2002.in Panzhihua vineyard. The treating with chemicals and their concentration were 16.7% CaCN2, 0.5%~2.0% H2CN2, 0.5%~2.0% H2CN2 +1.0%Tween80.The treatment on Jan.10 (1.0%H2CN2+ 1.0% tween 80) had the best dormancy breaking efficiency. It advanced ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Gamay’, ‘Merlot’ and ‘Fox’ sprouting by 16, 13, 11, 4 days, maturity periods by 17, 13, 14, 6 days respectively. It also enhanced the bud breaking percentages of the four varieties by 4%, 12%, 17%, 9% respectively, bud’s shoot-forming percentages by 40%, 29%, 37%, 12%, the fruit shoot percentages by 9%, 8%, 28%, 4%, fructification by 7%, 7%, 37%, 3% respectively. But the investigated data showed that the effects of the advancing maturity period were not remarkable by chemical treating.

  Study on the Pigments in Prunus×Cistena ‘Pissardii’ and its Photosynthetic Characters LV Fu-mei, Shen Xiang, Wang Dongsheng, Qu Xiaoling, Li Yameng 2005, 21 (2):  225-225.  Abstract + ( 1394 )   PDF ( 1145585KB )   ( 765 ) The experiment determined the dynamic change of the pigments in the leaves of Prunus×Cistena ‘Pissardii’ .The content of anthocyanin is higher in spring and autumn. But the content of chlorophyll is higher in summer. Cu2+ and Fe3+ can improve the absorbance value of chlorophyll 23% and anthocyanin 10.9% respectively. The pigments are unstable under light, the stronger the light is, the more quickly they decompose.Use the LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system to detect the photosynthetic characters of Prunus×Cistena ‘Pissardii’. Double peaks appear in the curve of diurnal and annual variation of photosynthetic rate and one peak in the curve of transpiration rate. The highest peak in a day was appeared on 10:00 A.M. in photosynthetic rate curve and on 12:00 in transpiration rate curve. In a year the highest peak appears in June and August.

  Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Yield and Quality of Balsam pear（Momordica charantia） Shi Jinlin,Dan Youming 2005, 21 (2):  229-229.  Abstract + ( 1602 )   PDF ( 1154453KB )   ( 917 ) Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and quality of balsam pear(Momordica charantia L).The results showed that the N,P ,K and their proper combined application could significantly increase the balsam pear yield. N fertilizer could increase the content of crude protein and amino acid and decrease Vc and soluble sugar content. P fertilizer could increase the content of crude protein and soluble sugar. K fertilizer could increase the content of Vc, solube sugar, amino acid and alleviate unfavorably effect of unsuitable N application. The adequate K supply and optimum N, P and K combination could ensure the high-quality and high-yield production of balsam pear.

  Progress on the Research and Production Present Situation of ‘Kuerle Xiangli’ Gao Qiming, Hou Jiangtao, Li Jiang 2005, 21 (2):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 2103 )   PDF ( 1295522KB )   ( 1184 ) ‘Kuerle Xiangli’ (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. cv. ‘Kuerle Xiangli’) is a local product in Xinjiang, China. Many scholars think it is a natural hybrid between ‘Hanhaili’ and ‘Yali’. In recent years, several good cultivars such as: ‘Xinli 1’, ‘Xinli 2’, ‘Xinli 6’, ‘Xinli 7’and so on have been cultured by selective breeding one after another. Through many years testing, the cultivation type of compact planting with standard rootstock has been determinate. The storage life of ‘Kuerle Xiangli’ was prolonged effectively by ways of controlled atmosphere storage and preservative. Fruit wine and Brandy made from ‘Kuerle Xiangli’ have already been developed successfully. But some problems, for example, the growth and development law of the fruits, the ripe mechanism, the ways to improve the fruit quality, the methods to solve the questions of the fruits browning and fragrance losing and so on should be studied further.

  Outbreak Reasons and control strategies of Rice stripe Wu Xuefen,, Zhang Guobiao, Lin Maosong, Chen Jun 2005, 21 (2):  237-237.  Abstract + ( 1355 )   PDF ( 1382201KB )   ( 770 ) Rice stripe occurred in Jiangsu province on a massive scale from the late 1990s,and now it has been one of the most serious diseases in rice cultivation in Jiangsu. High population and virulence ratio of laodelphax striutella, cultivation mode, and resistance to rice stripe of rice varieties are the reasons why rice stripe broke out. The investigation results showed that treating rice seeds by Regent. Postponing sowing and planting periods appropriately, and applying resistance or tolerance rice varieties are the main control strategies to rice stripe.

  Effects of Seed Pelleting Agent XSW-3 on Growth and yield of Direct-seeded Rice Xiong Hairong, Zou Yinbin, Xiong Yuanfu,Li Jinjiang,Wen Zhuyou, Ao Hejun 2005, 21 (2):  242-242.  Abstract + ( 1723 )   PDF ( 1238179KB )   ( 616 ) Effects of seed pelleting agent XSW-3 on growth and yield of direct-seeded rice were studied by means of experiment of field direct-seeding with coated rice seed. Meanwhile its effects were compared with those of a export seed coating agent. The results show that this seed pelleting agent not only could promote seed germination and seedling growth,enhance seedling qualities and adult seedling rate,increase seedling resistance to revese environments, but also could prevent diseases and pests,and enhance yield of direct-seeded rice. The adult seedling rate ,root vigor and proline content of coating treatment increased 17.4%,23.3% and 34.8% compared with uncoated controls, respectively. The prevention rate to main diseases and pests was 79.1%~97.6%.The yield of rice increased by 11.4%. The general effects of this seed pelleting agent were better than those of the export agent used in this experiment.

  Study on Insect Communities of the Trifolium repens Lawn in the North Area in Henan Province Wang Yunbing, Wang Jinmei, Zhang Zhongyin, Yu Hao, Zhou Guanjun 2005, 21 (2):  246-246.  Abstract + ( 1390 )   PDF ( 1039521KB )   ( 672 ) By investigation to insect communities of the Trifolium repens in the north area in Henan province, the familiar insect categories have been found out which including 12 orders, 37sections, and 80 species; In another word, there are 50 kinds of the harmful pests, 22 kinds of the natural enemy insects, 2 kinds of the activity insects and 1 kind of saprophagous insect. According to the quantity occurred of the pests and the degree of the lawn destroyed, we have known the dominant species of the pest in the lawn. and the reason and dynamic of these species have been analyzed. It is important to the pests management of the Trifolium repens in the level of community.

  Disease Resistance and Signal transduction in Plant Fan Wenyan, Jiang Shujun 2005, 21 (2):  249-249.  Abstract + ( 1547 )   PDF ( 1150423KB )   ( 1703 ) The model plant Arabidopisis thaliana is an excellent tool for the investigation of the molecular basis of disease resistance. Studies prove that a complex signal transduction network underlies the development of plant disease resistance by Arabidopsis mutants. Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2), Salicylic acid(SA), jasmonic acid(JA), ethylene(ET) and brassinolide(BL) play important roles in this network. To apply these knowledge gained from these researches would beneficial to the development of disease control strategy.

  Summary of the Research in Potato Late Blight Occurrence Factors Ding Junjie, Zheng Tianqi, Ma Shumei, Shen Hongbo, Song Baoqin 2005, 21 (2):  253-253.  Abstract + ( 1789 )   PDF ( 1079000KB )   ( 750 ) The potato late blight occurred in the all world areas of planting potato ,the occurring factor is different in the different areas.The damage degree depend on many factors.Combining with the results of experiment ,this article summarized the four-aspect effect to potato late blight ,they are climate conditions,planting varieties,field management,medicament prevention.The climate condition of them is the most effect condition to potato blight.

  Recent Advance in Environment friendly Integrated Control of Orchard Pests Zhang Yangan 2005, 21 (2):  256-256.  Abstract + ( 1334 )   PDF ( 1277700KB )   ( 746 ) The concept and development of environment friendly Integrated Control. The development and application of biorational pesticide, the beneficial effects and varieties of biological insecticide, application of insect pheromone in prediction of pest, utilization of natural enemies and orchard habitat management in environment friendly integrated control?of orchard pests on control were reviewed in this paper.

  Study on Diniconazole Ultramicro Powdered Seed Coating Chemical Control Main Diseases of Barley Li Baoying 2005, 21 (2):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   PDF ( 975416KB )   ( 532 ) Barley seeds were coated by 5% Diniconazole ultramicro powder. This experiment is to research about its control effect to main diseases and effect to seedling growth of barley. The results showed that the seeds were treated by 1:400~500 of this chemical and seeds can improve emergence rate, seedling growth and dry and fresh weight of the plants. Its control effect to Helminthosporium.gramineum, Helminthosporium.sativum,and Ustilago.nuda of barley is 90.4%~88.7%、90.1%~91.8% and 100%~83% respectively. The yield was increased 16%~12%.

  Effects of Different Media on the Growth Reproduction and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia Cerealis Varder Hoeven Lu Ninghai，Xu Ruifu，Wu Limin，Zhang Dingfa 2005, 21 (2):  262-262.  Abstract + ( 1710 )   PDF ( 970504KB )   ( 754 ) Rhizoctonia Cerealis Varder Hoeven was cultured on different media ，the results showed that PDA+VB1，PDA + leaves， V8 medium and tomato medium were better than others on growth rate and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia Cerealis Varder Hoeven .So, the four kinds of media could be used in rejuvenation and preserving Rhizoctonia Cerealis Varder Hoeven in lab.

  Studies on Antagonism of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Against Rhizoctonia solania in rice Shi Fengyu, Zhu Yingbo ,Yang Wenlan 2005, 21 (2):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1917 )   PDF ( 987852KB )   ( 767 ) The antagonism of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Against Rhizoctonia solania was tested. The result showed that Trichoderma longibrachiatum in inhibited the hyphal growth of Rhizoctonia solania,Inhibition index 1. A range of antibiotics was produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatume which was active against the hyphal growth of Rhizoctonia solania. The hyphae of Rhizoctonia solania were broken, lysed and their cytoplasm became thinning on dualculture, and the mycelial growth almost topped. The sclerotia of Rhizoctonia solania were encircled by Trichoderma longibrachiatume, and their germi-nation was inhibited. The phenomena that hyphae of Rhizoctonia solania were coiled, penetrated, lysed, broken and their cytoplasm became thinning on dualculture, were observed under micro scope.

  Study on the Effects and Application Technology of MCPA on the Lawn Weed Control Chen Jinping 2005, 21 (2):  266-266.  Abstract + ( 1886 )   PDF ( 1064516KB )   ( 652 ) This paper deals with the full study and analysis on the effects of MCPA on monocotyledonous turf and the control effectiveness to the lawn weeds in different dosages. The experiment results shown that: When the dosage is larger than 6000g/hm2, slight phytotoxic effect occurred. The larger dosage, the server the phytotoxic effect. When the dosage is less than 1500g/hm2, weed control effects were not evident. The economically rational dosage of MCPA is set as 3000~4500g /hm2. The lawn weeds can be effectively control at 2~4 applications annually. The application conditions and precautions of MCPA were also proposed which serves as scientific foundations for lawn weeds control.

  The Primary Report on the Effects of IWHP 20EC on Controlling Five Pests on Vegetables (IWHP Intermixture With Hexaflumuron and Phoxim) Xu Yufang, Zhao Jinglan, Qin Guoming, Wang Jing, Liu Cunhong 2005, 21 (2):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1483 )   PDF ( 1065134KB )   ( 544 ) The results of field trial performed in 2003 & 2004 showed that IWHP(Intermixture With Hexaflumuron and Phoxim)20EC was a kind of effective medicament on controlling five pests, Plutella xylostella(Linné)、Artogeia rapae(L．)、Mamestra brassicae(Linnaeus)、Prodenia litura(Fabricius)and Heliothis armigera Hübner, which are always found on vegetables. Its effective using concentration is between 1：2000 and 1：3000 and its control effect is over 70%~90%. Compared with chlorpyrifos 40EC, a kind of effective medicament traditionally used in the same area, the control effects of IWHP 20EC in the concentration of 1：2000 and 1：2500~3000 are about equal to that of chlorpyrifos 40EC in the concentration of 1：1000 and 1：2000 respectively.

  Study on Cotton Fiber Niche-fitness by Different Topping Regulation in North Xinjiang Cheng Haitao, Ma Fuyu, Mu Caiyun 2005, 21 (2):  272-272.  Abstract + ( 1274 )   PDF ( 1198642KB )   ( 536 ) By taking cotton fiber in high yield cotton field of north Xinjiang as the object, the niche-fitness theory were introduced, through analysis the niche-fitness of cotton fiber in three mono-topping and multi-topping intercrop system treatment, the result showed, it is acceptable that evaluate cotton fiber quality by niche-fitness, the niche-fitness value of cotton fiber at the middle part of the cotton plant is the biggest that topping inJul.10th and Jul.25th in this three treatment, moreover, with the increase of topping times, compare with it’s top part of cotton plant, the niche-fitness of cotton fiber at the low part of cotton plant have a raise tendency, the niche-fitness value of top and low part of cotton plant in multi-topping treatment is bigger than what of mono-topping. The position of biggest niche-fitness value of cotton fiber, which is topped in June 25th in multi-topping treatment move up to top.

  Economical Green Manure Mulches Earth Surface in Xishuangbanna Rubber Plantation Yang Chunxia, Li Guohua, Li Chunli 2005, 21 (2):  280-280.  Abstract + ( 1532 )   PDF ( 1255798KB )   ( 727 ) Soil fertility seriously decreases, while soil and water loss should not be neglected in Xishuangbanna rubber plantation. The paper discusses the role and important signification of economical green manure mulching which it can increase soil fertility, improve soil physical characteristic, doing soil and water conservation, enhance disease resistance and increase income. The article expounds application foreground of economical green manure mulching in Xshuangbanna rubber plantation which it can improve lasting development of rubber tree production with economical and ecological effect. It also puts forward the way and relevant measures about under-crop sowing of green manure under rubber tree, especially abrupt slope of protection belt. Good breeds of economical green manure adapting to environment of Xishuangbanna rubber plantation should be selected, while their economical and ecological effect should also be evaluated. Relevant cultivating measures should be concluded and field demonstration should be also been given.

  Study on the comprehensive utilization of edible fungus waste material 2005, 21 (2):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1548 )   PDF ( 1248096KB )   ( 2954 ) This article analyzed edible fungus waste material handling: abandon or pile .it summarizes some related comprehensive utilization. For example: edible fungus’ repeated use; bacterial chaff’s use in one pair of spores mushroom is make kind; make it for livestock or fuel; replace it with capsized earth in vegetable’s growing seedlings; extract hormone or agricultural chemical and so on. From studying the efficiency in Zhoukou which consists of 8 counties and 2 districts, this item produces 2.5 hundred million in three years.

  Study on the Filling Rate of Different Maize Varieties in the Region of Loess Plateau Supplement Irrigation of Zhungeer Su Yanhua, Pan Xuebiao, Duan Yu, Zhang Ping 2005, 21 (2):  288-288.  Abstract + ( 1575 )   PDF ( 1099261KB )   ( 550 ) In this paper, the four varieties of maize were used as material to research the filling rate in Zhungeer, which located on north of loess plateau. The result showed that the water contents of seed of Sidan 19 and Zhedan 7 were higher than that of Neidan402 and Neidan302, and the weights of seed of Sidan 19 and Zhedan 7 were lower than that of Neidan402 and Neidan302 after spinning. The highest rate of filling of Sidan 19 and Zhedan 7 were earlier than that of Neidan402 and Neidan302. Based on these reasons, the optional variety was selected to adapt to the regional climate.

  Different Analysis on Land Use Change and Its Driving Forces in Different Economic Regions of Chongqing Yang Chaoxian ,Chen Rongrong, Xie Deti 2005, 21 (2):  291-291.  Abstract + ( 1639 )   PDF ( 1313033KB )   ( 749 ) Based on land use statistic datum and social-economic materials between 1985 and 2000, this paper analyzes land use conditions, including land use quantity change, land use degree change and landscape structure change, in three different economic regions of Chongqing, which are developed Beibei, less developed Wanzhou and developing Youyang. It is revealed that there are great difference in the rate, degree and direction of land use change in these regions over 15 years. Beibei, which is more developed and higher in per capita GDP and population density than Wanzhou and Youyang, is rapid in land use rate, comprehensive in land use degree, deep in land fragmentation, and disturbed by people to much extent. Main driving forces in these regions in land use change is population growth, industrialization and urbanization, development of the third industry, mechanism of economic management, social conduct is. It is different driving forces that lead to different land use change in these economic regions.

  Analysis on the Incorrect Ideas Land Arrangement and Countermeasures in Southern Hillside area Zhou Jiasong, Liu Xiuhua, Xie Deti, Wei Chaofu 2005, 21 (2):  296-296.  Abstract + ( 1536 )   PDF ( 1267824KB )   ( 659 ) Through analyzing the incorrect ideas in the present land arrangement in southern hillside area, it have simple to pursue and increase the quantity of cultivated land generally, regular arrangement mode and premium planning and design, follow-up benefit are deviated from market economy, lack the mistaken idea that the industry supports. Combining the benefit goal of land arrangement in southern hillside area, according to its special traffic, geology, topography and cropping system, this paper has put forward that land arrangement should improve cultivated land quality, strengthen ecological environmental protection, improve following-up benefit and adjust measures to local conditions to carry on planning and design.

  The Analysis of Changing of Rural Residential Land Use －Taking Guangzhou City as An Example Chen hongyu, Hu Yueli, Wu Xiaofu, Hu Yueming 2005, 21 (2):  300-300.  Abstract + ( 1549 )   PDF ( 1313551KB )   ( 825 ) With development of economy and society, the changing of rural residential land use which play an important role in the field of constructive land use has been a noticeable topic in the course of urban－rural integration. This paper analyses the actuality and changing of rural residential land use of Guangzhou city from the viewpoint of the urbanization. From 1997 to 2002, Guangzhou’s general urbanization index had been raised up to 75.28 from 68.28, the average rate of its promotion is 1.92 % per year. On the other hand, the changing of rural residential land use is not remarkable, there are only 796.67 hm2 increased rural residential land in Guangzhou , the average rate of its promotion is 0.47 % per year. It can be detected from the data that changing of rural residential land use of Guangzhou city has dropped behind the urbanization and the development of economy; at last, proposes the relevant solution that rural residential must be readjusted relying on urbanization to decrease its area and promote the intension of its land use .The urbanization of Guangzhou is self-organization. In Guangzhou, its balance because of the decentralization of its habitation and its industry characterizes the development of the town. In result, the space of the country had been partitioned into a number of developing centers. Excessive center is no center. It can bring up some problems that the emphasis of the development is not prominent a; there are a lot of excessive competitions among the towns; the resources in the district can’t be flowed and distributed reasonable. It is impossible to promote the intension of its land use because the resource can’t be concentrated into some advantaged regions. They are also the reasons that changing of rural residential land use of Guangzhou city has dropped behind the urbanization and the development of economy., there are relevant solutions that rural residential must be readjusted relying on urbanization to decrease its area and promote the intension of its land use; the districts, which have rural residential, can be classify by the level of the development and geographic location; at last, it is facility to single out the most suitable measure to readjust the rural residential in the different categories of the districts.

  Current Status of Aquatic Vegetable Germplasm Resources in Jiangsu Province and the Strategies on Conservation and Utilization Li Liangjun, Zhang Xiaodong, Xie ke, Sun Lei , Gu Li, Cao Beisheng 2005, 21 (2):  305-305.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   PDF ( 986679KB )   ( 841 ) Current status on conservation and utilization of aquatic vegetable germplasm resources in Jiangsu province was investigated. It showed that the germplasm resources were running off and degenerating gradually for field requisition and irregular seed-selection. Some scientific countermeasures such as formulating regulations、establishing resource gardens and using plant tissue culture techniques for conserving and utilizing these aquatic vegetable germplasm resources were put forward.

  The Studying of the Method of Remote Sensing Monitoring the Soil Moisture Zhang hongmei，Sha jinming 2005, 21 (2):  307-307.  Abstract + ( 1482 )   PDF ( 1345762KB )   ( 808 ) The theories and methods of soil moisture monitoring by remote sensing are summarized，after reviewing water and hot index, which can reflect ecology and environment and is one part of it.The results showed that the methods on soil moisture monitoring by remote sensing have microwave remote sensing monitoring , thermal inertia, the composite index of crop vegetation and brightness index, as well as hot infrared monitoring ,etc. Eventually, the principle to every method and concrete suitable field have been described and compared.

  Applying the Grey Relational Analysis Method to the Multi-factorial Evaluation of New Wheat Varieties(lines) in Shandong Province Han Qixiu 2005, 21 (2):  312-312.  Abstract + ( 1568 )   PDF ( 1047900KB )   ( 713 ) In this article, through grey correlative degree analysis, seven important properties of thirteen new varieties (lines), which were chosen from the 2001~2002's higher soil fertility group of wheat variety area test of Shandong were generally described and quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that Yan 475 was the best wheat line and Wei 62036, Yan 278, He 26-5-39, Liao 9518 were better in the thirteen new wheat varieties (strains). Comparing with the equal-weighted incidence method, the evaluation of weighted incidence sequence could more accurately reflect many properties such as yield. The selection of control varieties and relative properties is the heart of grey correlative degree analysis.

  The Agricultural Information System of Our Country Uses the Current Situation and Prospect Analysis Zheng Tao 2005, 21 (2):  315-315.  Abstract + ( 1910 )   PDF ( 1371699KB )   ( 724 ) The article is from the development strategy of agriculture Informationization of our country, the agricultural information network develops and uses the current situation, agricultural information system in such aspects as application situation and basic appraisal on our country's agriculture, have carried on the analysis of many angles to the application current situation of the agricultural information system of our country, and on the basis of summarizing the present agricultural information system of developed country and developing the focus, on the developing direction and using the prospect to make preliminary analysis and prediction of the agricultural information system under the national conditions of our country.

  The Plant Pattern of Wheat with Water Saving and High Efficiencyin Year of Severe Drought and Low Temperature Wang Jiaren, Ma Chengxin, Liu Yantao, Cui Yitu, Fu Jianlei, Xue Min, Zhou Jingbo, Gong Benheng, Wang Lizhi 2005, 21 (2):  320-320.  Abstract + ( 1656 )   PDF ( 1440739KB )   ( 598 ) to solve the problem of High input and low income in northern well irrigation area, we applied Agriculturally water saving technique based on the data from the field and analyze water using and yield characteristics of 6 varieties of wheat on physiological and ecological level. The results showed that in the field of 1.63hm2, watering 3.5 times yield of 8253.75kg is obtained, and the ratio of water producing is 2.988kg/m3. The rate of yield to input is 4.11:1. The cost of money is 11.14% lower and the water needed is 23.85% lower than CK, while its yield is 28.35% higher and the ratio of water producing is 69.77%higher. The ratio of income to input is 2.96 times higher than CK, and the pure income is 5.86 times higher. This result actualized increase of agricultural production.

  Advances in Increasing Plant Drought Resistance by AM Fungi Xia Jianguo, Li Jing 2005, 21 (2):  326-326.  Abstract + ( 1680 )   PDF ( 1182935KB )   ( 1069 ) Arbuscular Mycorrhiza is one of the most broad mycorrhizal, it can enhance plants’ ability of absorbing. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza can improve the ability of resisting drought from several aspects: hyphal enhances plants’ chances of absorbing water from soil；it can improve plants’ phosphorus and another minerals’ nutrition, increase the content of chlorophyll; observably enhance transpiration and stoma conduction; reduce the flow of water, permanent languish point, stoma resistance; change the balance of hormone, promote accumulation plant proline and capability of nitric reductive enzyme.

  The Ecological Research on Macroscopic Distribution of Urban System in West Region in China Han Xinhui,Yang Gaihe, Du ying 2005, 21 (2):  330-330.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 1343516KB )   ( 596 ) Through the ecological analysis of cities and towns，distribution in West Region, the paper pointed out that it is necessary to carry out the ecological distribution, and set up an ecological control project of Cities and towns，distribution, which depended on a base of natural eco-space and centered on trunkline of cities to distribute a regimental type of cities， group forming from the economic increase points of every provincial area.

  Industry Structure Adjustment is Inevitable Selection for Sustained Development of Agriculture Wu Hepinig, Zhou Zhanqin 2005, 21 (2):  334-334.  Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 1258688KB )   ( 648 ) There were some harmful phenomena on agriculture in this country now，for example，unsuited structure，lower profit，little support on policy，poor market competitiveness of products，etc. It was suggested that the ratio relationship between agriculture，forestry，animal husbandry，fishery should be adjusted，and that some structure，for example，agricultural industries，products，essential factors of production and trade should be adjusted too. All of this is based on a whole production system and sustainable development of rural economy. Agriculture should be evaluated from various angles and different stratifications。It was also suggested that superior industry，especially for characteristic products，should be developed energetically，yield of croup should be controlled to suitable scope according to plan，and the ratio of animal husbandry of whole agriculture should be increased。It is more important that the role of technology and improvement of production regulations should not be neglected，a simple change of breeds within cropping could not free whole agriculture from backwardness at all.

  Strategies on High-profit and Sustainable Agriculture Development in Mountainous Arid Area in the Suburb of Beijing Li Yuyi, Li Chunxia, Chen Fu, Zhang Hailin 2005, 21 (2):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1310 )   PDF ( 1255777KB )   ( 612 ) Based on the analysis of Yanqing county, this paper introduced the present situation in mountainous and arid area in the suburb of Beijing, it showed that the sustainable development in this region was mainly affected by factors such as soil sanding, soil and water erosion, unreasonable production structure, lower production and processing level, it also referred that devoting major efforts to the green planting and animal husbandry by establishing green and safe trademark and constructing the base of production was the sustainable development direction in this region. The strategies suggested included emphasizing the reasonable utilization of resource and ecological protection, adjusting production structure by forming characteristic and leading industrial project, integrating industrialization component, and starting the construction of leading industrial and sustainable project.

  Restrict Factors and Countermeasure for Dry land Water Saving Farming in Shaanxi Hu Junpeng, Sun Pingyang, Huang Tianzh 2005, 21 (2):  342-342.  Abstract + ( 1305 )   PDF ( 1104269KB )   ( 624 ) The development situation and problems of dry land water saving farming in Shaanxi are system analyzed in this paper. It is applied that the mainly factors which restricted the agricultural economy development in Shaanxi for long time are water resource lack, natural disaster frequency，water and soil lose severity, management carelessness, etc. The countermeasures, such as its crux and key, advance using rate of natural precipitation, accelerate extension of dry farming science and technology production, expedite zoology rebuild and vegetation resume are bring forward.

  The Study of the Solution to“Three Agricultures” Problem Yan Yuke 2005, 21 (2):  345-345.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   PDF ( 1311280KB )   ( 651 ) The “Three Agricultures” problem has been existing in our country for a long time.It is a result of the long-term “double economic and social structures”, the devided governing in rural and urban areas, as well as the development of industry at the cost of expending agriculture surplus excessively.This problem has become more and more serious in the past years as a consequence of the aggravated environment of our country in international trade. And it is quite difficult for us to solve it in the true sense. The author of this paper believes that this problem cannot be solved in a short period unless we take the right Path, adopting various measures. In that way, we can achieve the realization of a well-off society.

  The Research of the Persistent Development of Installation Agriculture in Hexi Veranda Chen Guangquan 2005, 21 (2):  349-349.  Abstract + ( 1331 )   PDF ( 1115368KB )   ( 562 ) We found out the present existing problems of persistent development of installation agriculture by the present situation investigation and existing problems analyses. It were installation layout scatter; production scale small; specialization level lower; fund shortage; facilities equipment level lower; environmental controlling ability poor; strengthen antenatal and middle service; ignorant postpartum service; imperfect production basis of the total functions etc. It pointed out the main countermeasure of energetically improving the synthesize utilization ratio of installation resource; raising the quantity of installation agricultural production; heightening the devoting ratio of science and technology. It analyses the persistent developmental thoughts by main cultivation of vegetable and fruit; positive animal husbandry developing; suitable forest and fruit developing; we should culture superior industry and characterize industry ; built and amplify sustain system of marketplace; set up strain consciousness; carry out innocent production; get into marketplace with standard criterion in line with local conditions.

  Developmental Trend and Enlightenment of Agricultural Legislation in Japan and America Chen Zhixing, Zhou Liqiu 2005, 21 (2):  352-352.  Abstract + ( 1259 )   PDF ( 1175426KB )   ( 593 ) Legislation of agricultural policy management is a main measure of agricultural economic activities which are regulated, interfered, managed and supervised by government. Both Japan and American governments has modified some relative laws and established a series of new laws in order to carry out the Agricultural Basic Law and the Agriculture Law. it pointed a basic direction for agricultural policy to establish and perfect the Agricultural Basic Law. Agricultural investment legislation also has been attached importance to and perfected. Agricultural products market has been developed steadily by agricultural products market legislation. Natural resources protection and other legislations have been strengthened. They also established a series of laws of agricultural economy relationship and technology application and agriculture subject and food protection. Good agriculture law system has been formed to realize legislation of agricultural management.

  The Urban Environmental Pollution and Human Health Yuan Xu, Huang Biao, Zhou Qing (The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 0) 2005, 21 (2):  356-356.  Abstract + ( 1817 )   Cities have multiplied and expanded rapidly worldwide over the past two centuries. Urban living is the keystone of modern human ecology. Cities are sources of creativity and technology, and they are the engines for economic growth. However, they are also sources of health hazards from the environment. As the number of urban consumers and their material expectations rise and as the use of fossil fuels increases. Urban populations have long been incubators and gateways for modern diseases. Shch as allergic diseases, tuberculosis , nervous system diseases ,Minamata disease and Itai-itai disease caused by methyl mercury and cadmium, some diseases increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in general.Various environmental factors that may enhance sensitization include NO2, SO2, ozone, and diesel particles. Atmospheric air pollution is the environmental factor mostly considered as responsible for the asthma increase. These fine particles tend to be generated from human activities, particularly the combustion of fossil fuels, especially diesel fuel. The health effects of lead exposure include developmental neurotoxicity, reproductive dysfunction and toxicity to the kidneys, blood and endocrine systems.It is concluded that urban environmental factors from the physical, chemical, biological, and psychological environment do influence the development of modern diseases.We must develop policies to solve the urban environmental health hazards and environmental problems.

  The Actuality and Countermeasure of Development in Rural Professional Cooperative Economic Organization in Jiaxing Gu Zhanggen, Wang Guofeng 2005, 21 (2):  359-359.  Abstract + ( 1202 )   In Jianxing, rural professional cooperative economic organization taking on a new and good tendence in development. It plays an important role in agriculture, and it also help to settle the matter of agriculture, rural area and peasant’s life. During the organization developing, we must keep our eyes on to the problems emerged from it. The article makes suggestion to develop the rural professional cooperative economic organization rapidly and steadily.

  The Problem of Being in Arrears with Migrant Workers’ Payment’s Influence and Solving Method Peng Kai，Hu Guo-xiang，Kong Xiang-guo 2005, 21 (2):  362-362.  Abstract + ( 1436 )   Being in arrears with migrant workers’ payment has become a serious problem in recent years in china. It gives rise to wide-ranging and profound affection. In order to solve this problem, we both need to strengthen law enforcement, that is to say, labor administration should give full play to its law enforcement and supervisory function, punishing those units late for paying migrant workers in accordance with law; and it needs government to strengthen influence, to dispense rigidly management and supervise in the law’s frame section; furthermore, because the cares from all fields have their limitations, what’s more important it needs migrant workers to care for themselves, to pioneer a solving method which suit for themselves.

  Study on Chinese Rural Residents’ Increasing Amounts of Saving and Its Economy Effect 2005, 21 (2):  366-366.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   Chinese rural residents’ strong saving attitudes have bad effect on the rural economy and the whole national economy. Based on the situation of the rural residents’ increasing amounts of saving, the paper analyzes the economy effect, including the influence effect, the suppression effect and the growth effect. Four proposals of restraining the increasing amounts of saving are put forward to: perfecting the agricultural insurance and rural social security, fastening the reform of household registration management, promoting the development of rural capital market and establishing the institution to lead rural residents’ consumption.

  Advancing the Peasant's Culture and Scien-tech Diathesis, Promoting Economy Development of Northeast Old Industry Base in China ——Investigating on the Peasant's Culture and Scien-tech Diathesis in Jilin Province Qi Yongjia, Yang Shuang, Xu Xiaohong 2005, 21 (2):  369-369.  Abstract + ( 1101 )   It was expounded that the Peasant's Culture and Scien-tech Diathesis and the countryside economy development affects each other from historical point of view, it was nailed down basically that they are main factors to affect advancing the peasant's diathesis, these factors include form of possession system, state policies, level of economy development, extensive system of agricultural techniques, and contacting extent of city and countryside.

  The Study of the Agriculture Colleges and Universities’ Socialized Services Function Xie Enkui, Zhang Zhengxin, Long Qinglin 2005, 21 (2):  373-373.  Abstract + ( 1268 )   Northwest sci-technology university of agriculture and forestry insists on the mode of running a school combined closely in production, teaching, research, carry on deep exploration and practise in such aspects as talent's building of contingent of agricultural sci-tech popularization, network system construction, the system and innovation of mechanism. Have built up and " regarded Yang Ling as the centre, based on Shaanxi, faced the Northwest tentatively, agricultural sci-tech popularization service network that radiate in the whole country ". The socialized service function of the school is being strengthened constantly.

  The Strategy to Locate and Develop Hebei Vegetables industry Song Jianxin, Nie Chenghua 2005, 21 (2):  377-377.  Abstract + ( 1301 )   This paper based on the current situations of Hebei province’s vegetables industries, analyze the present enlarged scale, the increased quality, the resources, which suit to develop vegetables, the privileges and shortcomings of each vegetables produce locations. Under the requirements of establish privilege areas, divided Hebei vegetables produce areas to Hebei south part area, around Beijing and Tianjin areas, nearby seashore areas and Hebei north and west areas. According to the analyze of the privileges and shortcomings of each area, give out the suggestion, that is to increase the investment, to give financial support and green way support to improve the establishment of privilege area.