Abstract:

The aim was to study the mechanism of increasing yield and resistance of maize. Maize leaves at different shading degrees were used as the experimental materials, leaves epidermal cell density, epidermal cell length, width and size, the thickness of adaxial and lower epidermis, leaf thickness were observed by an optical microscope. The results showed that the trend of some maize leaves structure characteristic index including maize leaf epidermal cell density, the thickness of the upper epidermis, lower epidermis thickness and blade thickness, which were as following; the control>30% transmittance>10% transmittance; however, other index including epidermal cell length, width and area, which were as following; 10% light transmission>30% transmittance>control. This can be seen to increase with luminousness, the upper and lower epidermis thickness and a significant increase in leaf thickness. It may reduce the extent of the plant disease occurrence caused by pathogen. At the same time, the cell length, width, and a single cell area of epidermal cell were significantly reduced, epidermal cell density increased. The number of cells per unit leaf area, total cell surface area and photosynthetic membrane area were increased. So, the overall favorable leaf photosynthetic efficiency was promoted.