Abstract: The study aimed to conduct the factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation on main chemical components in the tobacco in Liangshan Province. Explore the main factor of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco chemical composition and use of chemical components to evaluation on tobacco quality. By the method of correlation analysis and factor analysis, total 12‘Honghuadajinyuan’tobacco samples from the main province of Liangshan were analyzed with data from 9 main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves. A comprehensive evaluation was carried out by using the factor scores. The results indicated that the main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves were highly positive-correlated with that of the others. The contribution rate of first-three characteristic roots was 85.875%, three main factors from the main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves were obtained, namely the carbon nitrogen factor, combustion factor, potassium factor. The rank factor score of every sample was the same with the rank of smoking quality score. It was feasible to evaluate the chemical components in the‘Honghuadajinyuan’tobacco leaves by the factor analysis method.