Abstract: Experiments were conducted to study the effects of different NPK amounts and rates on the yield and quality of soilless cultured cucumber (Curcumas sativa L) in solar greenhouse. The results showed that：Cucumber yields and fruit number per vine and fruit weight raised significantly by increasing the amount and ratio of nitrogen, proper nitrogen made soluble protein contents improve remarkably, but high amounts and ratios led to lower soluble protein and vitamin C contents in fruit, higher nitrogen application got higher nitrate content and a positive but unremarkable effect on soluble sugar content. Increasing the amount and ratio of phosphorus also had positive effect on cucumber yields and fruit number per vine and fruit weight, and it had no remarkable effect on soluble protein contents, but the soluble sugar contents decreased when amounts and ratios of phosphorus were beyond the former extent, increasing phosphorus could decrease vitamin C, the nitrate content increased remarkably at the same time. The fruit nitrate content in high nitrogen-phosphorus treatment was 95% higher than that in CK. The yields and fruit number per vine and fruit weight could not increase significantly, but soluble protein contents in fruit increased when higher potassium was applied, vitamin C and soluble sugar contents decreased at the same time. While compared with higher nitrogen and phosphorus, higher potassium made a lower decrease in vitamin C, more potassium could decreased nitrate content significantly, and the effects were more noticeable as more potassium applied,