Abstract: The changes of ecological conditions owing to agricultural activities such as extensive usage of pesticides and fertilizers, extendibility of high yield breeds and application of water-saving in irrigation technology etc. and the irrationality of landscape structures of farmland have significantly impacts on the biodiversity of species of the agricultural ecosystems. So this paper makes some suggestions to protect the biodiversity of agricultural ecosystem: ①construct continuous ecological agriculture, ②make ecological planning of farmland rational, ③plant various crops rationally and break the single structure of planting.