Abstract: To establish the index of fertilizer recommendation for rice in purple paddy field in Yunnan, the experiment was carried out to study the effects of N, P and K fertilizer on rice in purple paddy field according to the theory of“3414”regression optimum design. Mathematical equation of fertilizer effect between yield of rice and N, P and K, was formulated. The index of fertilizer recommendation for rice in purple paddy field in Yunnan was established. Recommended fertilizer application of N 334.5- 363.0 kg/hm², P2O5 31.5- 288.0 kg/hm², K2O 154.5- 225.0 kg/hm² could reach the highest rice yield of 9769.5- 13191.0 kg/hm². Optimized fertilizer application of N 235.05-316.5 kg/hm², P2O5 7.65-252.0 kg/hm², K2O 21.0-225.0 kg/hm² could reach rice yield of 9690.0-10183.5 kg/hm². N 1.98 kg, P2O5 0.61 kg and K2O 2.64 kg were absorbed to produce 100 kg rice. The nutrient use efficiency of N, P and K was 33.53%, 7.66% and 5.94%, respectively. Fertilizer comprehensive utilization efficiency of N, P and K was 48.02%. The contribution rate of basic soil productivity was 62.78%.