Abstract: On the basic recitation of collective forest management issues, which about collective non-commercial forest after the collective forest rights system reform made to the home, the study built a game on public ecological forest management model of both government and peasant household in Gansu Province, studied the conditions to make the game steady and the factors that affected the management and protection on ecological forests. Results showed that farmers in Gansu Province have lowly profit expectation on ecological forest, and the factors such as forestry subsidy standard was not high and so on, were the main causes of peasant household’s management and enthusiasm was not high, then discussed about how to increase peasant household’s enthusiasm to manage and protect the ecological forest on this basis.