Abstract: Studies was carried out on the releasing and changing regulation of aroma materials in the leaves during the Oriental Tobacco Aging. The result indicated that, in the Oriental Tobacco Aging Process, the contents of the most flavor materials have Significant increasing trend, For example, the content of the class of labdanum and cembra-alkane increase obviously in the earlier and peaks in middle stage, and decrease in the later stage in the aging. the content of carotenoids increase a little, but the appearance of the peak is not obvious; the content of derivatives of phenylalanine change between two xinjiang and hubei, and change at a peak in yunnan. The total content increase in earlier stage and decrease a little in later stage. the content of neophytadiene decrease in Straight line. In the 29 Aroma material studied, the content of the material having important effect such as norambreinolide, octadecanoic lactone(1), octadecanoic lactone(2), octadecanoic, 8,15-labdanum-1-ol,8,12-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-2-ol(1), 8,12-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-2-ol(2), 8,13-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-13-one(1), 8,13-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-13-one(2) Dihydroactinidiolide, solanone, norsolanone have Significant increasing trend in the aging, the peak of the content of material appear in the 18~21 months in the aging process.