Current issue

• 2005 Vol.21 No.8 Published:05 August 2005

  目次

  The Tissue Observations of Panda “DAN DAN” Zheng Yuemao, Zhou Hongchao, Hua Jinlian, Zhang Yarong, Zhang Yong 2005, 21 (8):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1336 )   A tissue check of liver, spleen, uterus, epidermoid c. skin of Panda “Dan-Dan” which was the only one panda reared by manpower whose color was brown and white in the world, was conducted. The light microscopical observation showed that the main histopathological changes were expandable sinusoid of liver and spleen, along with vacuolation in cellular plasma, degeneration and necrosis of liver cell. Many erythrocyte and kupffer cells were seen in sinusoid of liver and spleen, along with many yellow and brown irons contained blood grains. Lymphocyte increased in lymph nodule of white pulp. Lamina propria of uterus was composed of connective tissue, which abound with blood vessel. Spinosumocyte of epidermoid c. skin growed in an untypical form, while spinosumocyte of mouth skin did not grow.

  Effect of Follicular Fluid on the Developmental Competence of Bovine Oocyte Zhang Zhiping, Zhang Juntao, An Zhixing, Wang Chao, Zhang Yong 2005, 21 (8):  7-7.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   The effect of follicular fluid (>10mm) on bovine oocyte maturation in vitro was evaluated by addition of different concentration (0, 10, 30 and 50%, respectively) of bFF to the maturation medium. A total of 1759 oocytes collected from abattoir ovaries were used. After 24h of maturation，the oocytes were activated by parthenogenesis(PG) or in vitro fertilization(IVF) and cultured ; Comparison of 10% bFF and 10% FBS with oocytes maturation; Efficiency of micro-drop culture was assessed. The results showed cleavage rates did not differ in parthenogenesis group (P>0.05), but embryo blastocysts rates was significantly greater than control (P<0.05), especially with 10% bFF; A significant decrease in cleavage rates (P<0.01) and blastocyst rates (P<0.05) was found with bFF concentration increase in IVF group. The rate of PG blastocyst and IVF blastocyst was the highest with the addition of 10% bFF (47.1% and 38.0%, respectively), more expanded blastocysts were gotten than others. In conclusion, addition of 10% bFF is benefit to the cytoplasmic maturation and can not hamper fertilization ability; bFF can be used in the IVM medium in place of FBS; Micro-drop culture do not increase the rate of the oocyte maturation.

  Antisense RNA-Medidiated Resistance to TGEV Infection In IBRS2 Cells Yu Xiaolong 2005, 21 (8):  13-13.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   A recombinant expression plasmid, plxas-N, was designed to produce antisense RNA targeted to the N gene full length of Transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine, TGEV. The plxas-N was transfected into packaging cells line PA317 with Lipofectamine. The viral supenatants of the clones selected with G418 (500μg /ml) were detected by murine fibre cell NIH3T3.The highest viral titer pseudovirus was used to infect IBRS2 cell. Total cellular RNA from the IBRS2 cell, and RT-PCR analysis indicated that the plxas-N had inserted into the genome of IBRS2 cell. Antiviral activitity of the antisense RNA was evaluated by cytopathic effect using cultured IBRS2 cell and anti- IBRS2 cell infected by TGEV respectively, and the inhibitory rate was about 50 %.

  Anti-Leukemic Effects of Extract from Tephroseris Kirilowii Turcz.Holub in vivo Chen Jinjun,, Wang Jianhua 2005, 21 (8):  15-15.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   A range of DBA/2 mice i.p.transplanted with lymphocytic leukemic cells (L1210 cell line) were employed to study the anti-leukemic effects of 60% ethanol extract from Tephroseris kirilowii Turcz.Holub in vivo, with a reference system of cyclophosphamide (CY), quercetin (QU) and monocrotaline (MO) which are in the category of compounds in Tephroseris kirilowii Turcz. Holub. The anti-leukemic effect in vivo was examined in the life span of the mice used and the ventroperimeter, the morphological change of L1210 cell in the ascitical mice, the states of leucocytes and marrow, respectively. It was at the first time found that the extract prepared with 60% of ethanol solution performed the best anti-leukemic effect in the aspects of the mentioned above in vivo, which is consistent with the anti-leukemic effects of MO and QU.

  Effects of Whole Crop Straw Amination and Its Adaptability in Different Region Chen Jifu, zhao Haiyun 2005, 21 (8):  24-24.  Abstract + ( 1330 )   It is very important for development of stock raising to feed cow and sheep using abundant crop straw in China. For overcoming problems existing in straw amination, whole crop straw amination have been studied since 1993. The results showed that this amination technique compared with traditional amination with silo increased straw protein content by 33% to 46%, daily meal for cow and sheep by 15% and digestion rate by 45%. Color, luster and flavor of aminated straw are improved. This technique can save cost of fodder by 500 yun per cow per year and increase profit by 1000 yuan. This technique has been demonstrated in different region in Shanxi province and Hainan province in China. The protein of straw aminated is about 10.5~11.06 g/kg. There is a great potential for this technique to application in large area.

  Studies on Transgenic Tomato Plants with Resistance to Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Cucumber Mosaic Virus Liao Junjie , Li Jinjin, Xu Jiyong 2005, 21 (8):  28-28.  Abstract + ( 1989 )   The TMV CP gene was synthesized with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) y using the cDNA of its genomic RNA as a template. A synthetic ClaⅠsite was included in T5 primer while a BamHⅠsite in T3 primer, the PCR product was cloned into the ClaⅠ/BamHⅠ site of pBluescript KS+. Then bivalent plant expression vector, pKDTC (TMV-CP+CMV-CP), with double resistance to TMV and CMV, was constructed, in which each CP gene was controlled by a 35S promotor of CaMV. Transgenic tomato plants were regenerated via Agrobacterium transformation system, and analyzed by dot blot, PCR and Southern blot, these results showed that both genes were integrated into the transgenic plant lines L-2, L-5 of Lichun and JH-6 of Jinghan No 1. The transgenic plants grew normally and obviously resisted to the infection of corresponding viruses in greenhouse.

  Generally used Molecular markers and the Research in Groundnut Lei Chengbin, Wan Yongshan, Liu Fengzhen 2005, 21 (8):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   In this article, four kinds of molecular marker techniques’ (RFLP、RAPD、SSR、AFLP) principles，methods and characters are introduced. We also draw the conclusions from the review as follows: ①RAPD, SSR and AFLP can be used to analysis the variation of peanut; ②The deep generations of hybridized peanut can be identified by RAPD ; ③Use RFLP and RAPD to draw the fingerprinting of peanut; ④The research on Bradyrhizobiumsp Arachis;⑤The progress in the technique of RFLP and RAPD based on peanut research. At the end of the article, we prospecting the foreground of the molecular markers used in peanut. We hope this will help the research.

  Study on the Technique of Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Saintpaulia ionantha Qiu Yunliang 2005, 21 (8):  41-41.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   Through the orthogonal tests and single factor test, the technique of tissue culture and rapid propagation of the leaves of Saintpaulia ionantha was discussed. The result indicated: (1) Initial media:MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L +1BA0.5 mg/L； (2) Clump bud induction media: MS+6-B A1.0mg/L+KT0.1 mg/L + IBA0.1 mg/L; (3) Efficiency seedling induction media:MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L +IBA0.5 mg/L +active carbon 0.3%; (4) The effect was better when cuttage in the out of the bottle was used in rooting of tube seedling .

  Tissue Culture and Plantlet Regeneration from Cotyledon of Citrullus Lanatus Zheng xianbo,, Li Yan, Zhang Hengtao, Xia Guohai, Song Shangwei 2005, 21 (8):  43-43.  Abstract + ( 1610 )   The plantlet regeneration from Cotyledon of Citrullus lanatus was studied. The results showed ：The most suitable medium for buds induction from cotyledon of Citrullus lanatus was MS＋6-BA 3.0mg/L＋NAA 0.1mg/L. The buds induction of the cotyledon should be started in darkness and its further growth and differentiation must be carried out in light. The optimum rooting media were 1/2MS＋IAA 0.4mg/Land 1/2MS＋IBA 0.3mg/L.The research established preliminarily a system of genetic transformation and quick propagation for cotyledon of Citrullus Lantus.

  Preliminary Studies on Identification of Sweet Corn Hybrids with Technique of Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Albumins Zhang Fang, Chen Jingtang, Zhu Liying, Song Zhanquan, Huang Yaqun, Liu Zhizeng, Chi Shumin 2005, 21 (8):  46-46.  Abstract + ( 1409 )   Based on the improved technique of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), researches were carried out to examine the albumins of 7 varieties of sweet corn hybrids. Results showed that sweet corn seed albumins existed in some polymorphism, which made up unique albumin PAGE “fingerprint” for each variety. The examination of the seed purity of 7 different sweet varieties was carried with this technique, while field test was done. By related analysis of the purity of PAGE and field test of 5 hybrids, the result get to the marked level in statistics(r=0.9408), which showed that the improved technique of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) used to test the seed purity is feasible and can be applied to identify the purity of sweet corn hybrids.

  In vitro Culture and Plantlet Regeneration from the Stem and Leaf of Hypericum perforatum Zhang Dong 2005, 21 (8):  51-51.  Abstract + ( 1396 )   The stem and leaf of the Hypericum perforatum were used as explants, and cultured in basic MS medium supplemented with different kinds and concentrations of hormones. The callus, the buds and roots were induced, and cultivation of the tube seedling were carried out. Results have shown, the callus is easy to be induced when MS medium is supplemented with 2,4-D; MS medium supplemented with 6-BA 0.5 mg/L is most suitable for the formation of buds; MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L and NAA 0.5 mg/L, and MS with IBA 1.0 mg/L are effective in promoting the rooting of Hypericum perforatum.

  Studies on the Releasing and Changing Regulation of Aroma Materials in the Leaves during the Oriental Tobacco Aging Zhao Mingqin, Liu Guoshun, Du Shaoming 2005, 21 (8):  53-53.  Abstract + ( 1548 )   Studies was carried out on the releasing and changing regulation of aroma materials in the leaves during the Oriental Tobacco Aging. The result indicated that, in the Oriental Tobacco Aging Process, the contents of the most flavor materials have Significant increasing trend, For example, the content of the class of labdanum and cembra-alkane increase obviously in the earlier and peaks in middle stage, and decrease in the later stage in the aging. the content of carotenoids increase a little, but the appearance of the peak is not obvious; the content of derivatives of phenylalanine change between two xinjiang and hubei, and change at a peak in yunnan. The total content increase in earlier stage and decrease a little in later stage. the content of neophytadiene decrease in Straight line. In the 29 Aroma material studied, the content of the material having important effect such as norambreinolide, octadecanoic lactone(1), octadecanoic lactone(2), octadecanoic, 8,15-labdanum-1-ol,8,12-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-2-ol(1), 8,12-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-2-ol(2), 8,13-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-13-one(1), 8,13-external oxidative labdanum-14-en-13-one(2) Dihydroactinidiolide, solanone, norsolanone have Significant increasing trend in the aging, the peak of the content of material appear in the 18~21 months in the aging process.

  Progresses in the study on the Assessing, Genetic and Breeding of the Rice Starch RVA Profile in Rice Eating Quality Zhu Manshan, Tang Shuzhu, Gu Minghong 2005, 21 (8):  59-59.  Abstract + ( 1545 )   In rice quality improvement, starch pasting viscosity tested by Rapid Visco Analyser(RVA) servers as important index in estimating the eating quality of rice. The measure can be accomplished during a shorting time and only a small amount of sample is required. Its utility in rice program has received more attention in developed countries such as America and Japan. In China characterization of RVA profile just began in recent years. The assessing, genetic and breeding of the RVA profile characters in rice eating quality were summarized. RVA profile characters were proved to be useful to distinguish the eating quality among rice varieties with similar apparent amylose content (AAC). All study results suggested that RVA profiles could be used as eating selection in rice breeding program such as crossing and mutant that RVA had been established as tightly related to eating quality of rice, the texture of cooked rice and the other physical/chemical index which related to eating quality. The RVA parameter are mainly controlled by a single locus with additive effects and have a higher habitability, so it can be tested by RVA at all stages from F4 grains onwards to estimate cooking quality and class. Different place and environment have a great effect on RVA profile. The probable studies in future were pointed out.

  Advances of Studies on Analytical Methods for Pesticide Residues in Wine with Chromatographic Shu Ying, Wang Hua, , Wang Zhenqiang 2005, 21 (8):  65-65.  Abstract + ( 1760 )   In this paper, the author summarized the chromatographic methods for pesticides residues in wine, including GC, HPLC, GC/MS, LC/MS and so on. At the same time, their advantages and defects are compared.

  Study on Effects of Physic Acid on Controlling Fruits’ Vc loss During its Beating Gao Yuanjun, Hao Lihua, Wu Xiaozong, Nan Haijuan, Hao Yaqin 2005, 21 (8):  70-70.  Abstract + ( 1580 )   Effect of dealing strawberry,kiwifruit and haw with physic acid on controlling the loss of vitamine C during these fruits’ crushing was studied in this paper. The results showed that physic acid have different protection domino offect on controlling vitamine C loss in the crushing to various fruits. Physic acid could increase haw’s AA and DHA retention distinctly. Physic acid had good effect on controlling kiwifruit’s DHA loss and had no effect on its AA, while this is opposite to strawberry.

  Primary Application on the Non-rectangular Hyperbola Model for Photosynthetic Light-Response Curve Liu Yufeng, Xiao Langtao, Tong Jianhua, Li Xiao-bo 2005, 21 (8):  76-76.  Abstract + ( 16057 )   Compared between two analysis methods of the photosynthetic light-response curve data，the non-rectangular hyperbola model was found to be more objective to calculate the photosynthetic parameters and simulate the photosynthetic light-response curve when the data were processed by the nonlinear statistical regression function of SPSS software and combined with linear regression in the low light period. Binomial regression curve could simulate photosynthetic light-response curve data，but it could not calculate apparent quantum yield(φ) and explain that net photosynthetic rates (Pn) predicted declines quickly when photosynthetic photo flux density(PPFD)excesses the light-saturation point.

  Study on Leaf Area Calculation and its Correlation with Plant Height of Cucumber in Greenhouse Pei Xiaobo,,, Li Shicheng, Zhang Fuman, Cai Run 2005, 21 (8):  80-80.  Abstract + ( 1867 )   Cultivation experiments were carried out both in solar greenhouse and modern glasshouse by making use of five different cucumber varieties in different seasons, one simple experimental calculating formula of cucumber leaf area was put forward, with k=0.743 by he method of leaf length times leaf width. The change of leaf area and plant height under different cropping was studied, there is significantly positive linear correlation between plant stem height with leaf and total leaf area with coefficient of 0.991, using stem height with leaf instead of leaf area could simplify the related calculating of leaf area was pointed out in the article.

  Relationship Among Postharvest Browning of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd,Polyhenol Oxidase,Phenolics Compound,Cell Membrane Structure Chen Guogang, Wang Zhenli, Tong Junmao 2005, 21 (8):  83-83.  Abstract + ( 1749 )   The postharvest fruit browning of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd was a Physiological disease in storage. It concerned not only the content and compartmentation of phenolics compounds and polyphenol oxidase but also the change of cell membrane structure. The browing mechanism and controlling methods of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd were also researched in this discussion. The result indicated that the browning index of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd was positively related to Polyphenol oxidase, negatively related to Phenolics compounds, positively related to the relative conductance rate in CA storage.

  Discussion of CRAE model in Evaporation Assessment of Terrestrial Surface Feng Wei,, Zhang Wangjun 2005, 21 (8):  86-86.  Abstract + ( 1487 )   Evaporation is an important process in terrestrial energy and water circle. It is important that evaporation assessment in research of catchments water resource analyses and agricultural production. So it will be widely applied. We summarized the frame and application of Complementary Relationship Areal Evapotranspiration (CRAE) model. The advantage of the model is that it estimate actual evapotranspiration from observations of temperature, humidity and sunshine duration over a wider range of regions without the requirement for factors or assumptions associated with the soil-vegetation system. The result show that the CRAE model seems effective for estimating catchment evapotranspiration.

  On Forestry Development Distribution of Zhumadian City Zhang Shuicheng, Wang Dezhi, Gao Shan, Cui Yunqi 2005, 21 (8):  95-95.  Abstract + ( 1481 )   Based on the natural environment developing condition and problems exist and considering the advantages and potential of the forestry development in Zhumadian city. We research the distribution of the forestry development and suggest to divide the Whole area into 7 districts with plans in detail.

  Stem Regeneration System Screening of the Potato Varieties Li Fengyun, Sheng Wanmin, Yu Tianfeng, Wang Lichun 2005, 21 (8):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   Two media systems were collected to evaluate the percent of callus formation and shoot regeneration from ten potato varieties with their stem as explants. The results indicated: The number ② media system (MS+0.01mg/L NAA+2mg/L BA+5mg/L GA3)is suitable to the most of the ten potato varieties. The most efficient potato varieties is kexin No.16, Its percent of callus formation is 98.74% and shoot regeneration is 90.32%.

  Effect of Different Planting Patterns on Maize’s Growth and Yield Wuwei, Chen Yuhai, Zhou Xunbo, Yu Shunzhang 2005, 21 (8):  101-101.  Abstract + ( 1360 )   The experiment studied the effect of furrow planting, bed planting, flat planting on maize’s growth and yield. The results showed that bed planting and furrow planting accelerated the accumulation of dry matter, make LAI bigger, increase the grain weight. The spike characteristics is better and the final yield increase 4.01%，2.27% than flat planting respectively.

  The Production of High Yield Peanut Cultivar Dry Materials Influence on The Yield Du Hong, Yan Lingyun, Lu Hongwei, Tang Fengshou 2005, 21 (8):  104-104.  Abstract + ( 1597 )   Through studied on eight peanut Cultivar’s production of dry materials,the result shoued: The high yield peanut cultivars had higher total yield and economic coefficient .It was biggest that the production of peanut dry material influence on the economic yield at after full bloom. The proportion of average of dry materials to the total dry material reached 68.84% from full bloom to ripe; The average of economic coefficient reached 0.57.The high yield peanut cultivars had higher accumulation rate of dry materials in after life.

  The Relationship between Yield and Maize Ear Traits and Changing Soil Nutrition Li Famin, Mao Jianchan, Li Xiangtuo, Yang Jinhui 2005, 21 (8):  107-107.  Abstract + ( 1612 )   In order to study the relationship between yield、maize ear treats and organ matter、N－OH、available P and K, we selected field block with different soil nutrition in Mei county, Shaanxi province. The result showed that under the level of N-OH、available P and K in the soil, the ear length、seed length、kernel per row、kernel per ear、1000-kernel weight and yield increased with increasing the available N、P and K. To improve organ matter、available P and K would increase yield for there are defiance organ matter、available P and K in the soil.

  Advances in Simulation Research on Light Environment of Rice Population Meng Jun, Chen Wenfu 2005, 21 (8):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   Plant morphology transformation and mathematic model are two major methods in the simulation research on light environment of rice population. This paper summarizes the progress of their application and related research. Probability and characteristics of imply 3-dimentional model to research were discussed. Application of 3D model to research will bring us perspicuity and accuracy. We should combine these three methods into use, integrate there advantages of truthfulness, ability of summarize and accuracy. Get parameters from transformation to construct and validate 3D model, then summarize the result to a mathematic model，could be taken as a technique plan.

  The Effect of Genetic Factors on Popularization of Maize New Varieties in Hebei Province Shi Zhongquan，Liu Zhizeng,Zhou Jinbao 2005, 21 (8):  114-114.  Abstract + ( 1397 )   The effects of genetic factors on the popularization of maize new varieties in Hebei Province have been studied through the analysis of the extending of major maize varieties and the investigation of representative maize growers. The results indicated that the integrated elite characters of the new variety play the main part in its popularization; the high potential variety should possess the characteristics like high yield, good quality, strong resistance to stresses, wide adaptability, and longer growth period, and among them the resistance to stresses and adaptability are the key factors determining the extending scale and the longevity of the variety, however plant structure have less to do with variety popularization; as an intrinsic factor, the genetic constitution determine the final results of variety extending. The achievement of this research can be referred for the new variety extending in Hebei Province.

  The Principle Components Analysis of Several Agronomic and Yield Traits of Rice Kong Dewei, Chen Dequan, Zhou Liangqiang, Wang Yuping, Li Shigui 2005, 21 (8):  117-117.  Abstract + ( 1519 )   The associations among yield and yield components, and their direct and indirect influence on the grain yield of hybrid rice were investigated. For this purpose, 33 combinations made from the most commonly used breeding lines in Sichuan were tested in a randomized complete block experiment design with three replications. The 8 yield related traits or indexes were used as correlation, principle components analysis. The result shows that we can increase the yield through improve the panicle weight.

  Effects of Different Irrigation Style on Rice Growing and Yield Jin Xueyong, Shang Wennan, Cao Haifeng, Zhang Junbao, Sun Tao 2005, 21 (8):  125-125.  Abstract + ( 1686 )   In this article, effects of different irrigation style on rice growing and yield were studied with three different irrigation style of A(shallow wet dry )、B(shallow)、C( shallow deep shallow), evapotranspiration、transpiration、evaporation、infiltration capacity were measured and growth period、biological characteristics、tiller growing、leaf area index、dry matter accumulation、yield and rice quality components were investigated. The results were showed as follows: ①Tendency of transpiration under different treatments were A(210.0mm)＞B(204.5mm)＞C(200.7mm) while evapotranspiration、evaporation、infiltration capacity all were A＜B＜C, these showed that there were great potentialities in further water-saving;②Growth period and accumulated temperature prolonged with the increase of irrigation quantity and plant height also increased, tendency of lodging resistance and disease resistance were A＞B＞C;③Tendency of leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were A＞B＞C;④Seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight existed difference and the tendency were A＞B＞C, tendency of indices of milling quality were A＞B＞C while amylose content、gel consistency、protein content and taste value under different treatments did not show regular change;⑤Did not have water layer most time, treatment A was the best water-saving irrigation style because it can decrease evaporation and infiltration capacity and it have obvious water-saving effect and high-yield effect.

  Impacts on Yield Forming and Quality of the Strong Gluten Wheat of Different Number of Seedling Yi Jiezhong, Dong Quancai, Liu Pingying, Geng Juan,Zhou Junliang 2005, 21 (8):  129-129.  Abstract + ( 1343 )   This result of study indicates ,reduce number of seedling of strong gluten wheat Suxu 2 , favorable to improve colony's structure, improve the the wheat yield. Grain protein and wet gluten content of seed obviously reduces with the number of seedling increasing within the specific limits. Fertility it is medium-sized, in produce by competence, Culture suxu 2 as strong gluten wheat, confirming about 18 ten thousand number of seedling is the best.

  Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Characters in Early Hybrid Rice Mao Youchun，Xu Qingguo，Hu Zhiming 2005, 21 (8):  132-132.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   Six rice cytoplasmic male sterile lines were crossed with 10 early-seasoned rice restorer lines by incomplete diallel cross(NCⅡ)design to make 60 combinations of early-seasoned hybrid rice. Twelve agronomic characters of these parents and their hybrid combinations were observed for genetic analysis. The results obtained showed that the additive effect was predominant for all the characters. The paternal effect was greater than maternal one for all the characters except spikelet length. The narrow heritability of each character was arranged in descending order as 1000-grain weight, plant height, spikelet length, plump seeds per spikelet, seed set, total seeds per spikelet, whole growth period, expected grain yield, observed grain yield, effective spikelet number, effective spikelet percentage and maximum tiller number. The expected grain yield was positively correlated with seed set, plump seeds per spikelet, plant height, effective spikelet percentage and effective spikelet number, which could be used for indirect selection for yield. The character plump seeds per spikelet was the most important among components of yield selection index in early-seasoned hybrid rice.

  Genetic Basis of Spring Wheat Kefeng No.2 and Its Utilization in Breeding Che Jingyu, Shao Ligang, Wang Yan, Chi Yongqin, Li Changhui, Ma Yong, Gao Fengmei 2005, 21 (8):  137-137.  Abstract + ( 1298 )   The paper analyzed genetic basis of Kefeng No.2 and its utilization in breeding and exploring innovation and utilization of germplasm resources. Excellent spring wheat germplasm Kefeng No.2 was bred on the base of theory of ecology breeding, using inside and outside parents and ladder style complex crossing was adopted by Wheat Research Institute of Heilongjiong Academy of Agri. Sci. It has high cooperated ability, high yielding, complex resistance and other characteristic Kefeng No.2 was used as parents in many breeding institutes in Heilongjiang province. Adopting different breeding ways, 15 wheat varieties have been used in wheat production.

  Study on the Relationships Between Soybean Drought—Resistance and Physiological and Ecological Indicators Zhang Haiyan, Li Guiquan 2005, 21 (8):  140-140.  Abstract + ( 1558 )   The study was conducted in five soybean varieties with different drought resistance, which sowed in the pots. Lots of physiological and ecological indexes related to drought resistance in flowering-podding stage were measured in both normal and drought conditions. And a comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of different soybean varieties was given based on subordinate funtion values analysis .The results proved that the order of drought-resistance of different soybean varieties is JinDa73> JinDa53> JinDa52> JinDa76> JinDa75.

  Study on High Yield Coordinated Technology of Interplant about Edible Fungi with Rice Wang Dezhi, Wei Qiuyu 2005, 21 (8):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   Study on high yield model and coordinated technology of interplant about Edible Fungi with rice. The key points are: (1) The selecting suitable strains of rice yue you 938、Ⅱyou 838、65002 and Edible Fungi Auricularia、Polytricha、Agrocybe chaxingu; (2)It is suitable close planting 28cm×20cm and interplant 90000bag/hm2. (3)The water science manage way are: shallow water protect seedling, make ridge furrow for panicle and irrigation. (4)The prevention of pests and control of diseases base on agricultural and as main prevention biological, assist pesticide. So realize high efficiency yield.

  Studies of Breeding and Application of Rice Restore Line Tehui With Higher, Thicker and Tougher Stem Mo Yongsheng, Lu Shengan, Yang Peizhong, He Longfei, Li Chunsheng 2005, 21 (8):  146-146.  Abstract + ( 1581 )   Restore lines or cultivars Minghui 63. Gu 154 and Jingxidanian with higher, thicker stem were used by crossing method and polycross, the plants with higher, thicker stem and longer, larger panicle were selected from progenies and crossed with Zhenzhu sorghum, then new restore line Tehui was bred from hybridization progenies through 24 generations selection. The biological characteristics, agricultural characteristics and yield performances were compared between Tehui and other restore lines including Minghui 63, 9311, 253, 838, Gui 99 and 207. The results showed that restore line Tehui had a lot of advantages such as higher, thicker and tougher stem, higher heterosis performances crossing with different male sterile lines, etc.

  Studies on Effect of “Straw Mulching after Film Uncovered” Technique on Flue-cured Tobacco in Plain Region of Henan Jie Xiaolei,, Huang Yuanjiong, Liu Shiliang, Hua Dangling, Han Fugen, Li Youtian 2005, 21 (8):  148-148.  Abstract + ( 1560 )   In a field plot trial, the authors studied the effect of several mulching patterns on the growth and quality of tobacco and on the dynamic changes of soil moisture and temperature. The result showed that, in the treatment of “straw mulching after film uncovered”, the tobacco grown better with proper yield, highest quality and profit. The proportion of medium and high-grade tobacco leaves, especially of the high-grade increased by a big margin. The K2O content amounted to 1.84%, while Cl- reduced to 0.38%, contributing to a suitable K2O/Cl ratio of4.84. Compared with no-mulching control, the other mulching treatments couldn’t improve the grade and quality of tobacco leaves despite of the higher yields. Combined with the optimized techniques of lower-ridge, deep transplanting and earth up, “straw mulching after film uncovered” could keep proper soil moisture and heat regimes for tobacco growth during the whole growing period, in the mean time, promote the formation of developed structural root system, and avail the coordination of the absorption of the water and nutrients, therefore present an efficient approach to “K-increasing and Cl-reducing” practice and the no public hazard production of flue-cured tobacco.

  The Correlation Analysis Of The Main Yield Characters Of Jing Rice in Huanghuai Region Liu Mingjiu, Xu Guifang 2005, 21 (8):  153-153.  Abstract + ( 1636 )   Chooses the seven jing rice variety in huanghuai region, We analysis the correlation and the path index, establishing the regression equaion, the result show: The first factor of affecting spikes per 667m2, the second is number of grain per spike, the stair branch affect yield through the number of grain per spike;the plant tall and the length of spike are minus correlation to yield, that show the chife vareities in huanghuai region are the short stem,small ear, the super variety will be tall stem ,resist fall, big ear and more graines, when spikes per 667m2 is ensured.

  The Demonstration of several strains of Rice Introduced from Abroad along Yellow River Areas in Henan Liu Songtao, Lei Qingquan, Du Guanhua, Gong Liying 2005, 21 (8):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1691 )   Though the experimerting with few strains of rice introduced from abroad along Yellow areas in Henan,it shows that hybrid rice grows fast, put forth ears later, but tillers strongly, ears high, has more grains of ears and has greater potential increase in yield. Other grains of rice are almost the same as NO.6 YU Jing except Golden Century. But the yield increased in varging degrees. However compared with the quality of Golden Century is better, the yield is high NO.6 YU Jing.

  The Effect of Space Environment on Agronomic Characters of Maize Inbred Lines Li Yuling, Niu Suzhen, Yu Yongliang, Wang Jianxian, Fan Hua 2005, 21 (8):  158-158.  Abstract + ( 1747 )   The main agronomic characters of 4 maize inbred lines，which were carried by ‘Shenzhou IV’ spaceship were studied. The results showed that space condition had different effects on seedling emergence, survived and eared plants, the growth rate of plant height and the emergence rate of leaves in various stage, and almost all agronomic characters of various inbreds. All characters varied toward two directions, and their variation range and variation coefficient were all great. The correlations among all characters changed with no regularity.

  Study on Characteristics and Cultural Techniques of Single Cropping Late Hybrid Rice Liangyou Peijiu in Taizhou, Zhejiang Liu Weiming 2005, 21 (8):  162-162.  Abstract + ( 1475 )   New combination Liangyou Peijiu was selected by introducing 33 hybrid rice combinations and comparing test on 9 groups of single cropping late hybrid rice combinations in 6 testing sites. Moreover, the characteristics of Liangyou Peijiu grown as single cropping in Taizhou was made clear. The study on constitutions of panicle,grain and grain weight in different yield levels of Liangyou Peijiu was conducted by path analysis. The high-yielding and high-resulting cultural techniques were promoted.

  Situation and Prospect in Studies on Compact Panicle Type of Rice Wu Wei, Cheng Wangda, Yao Haigen 2005, 21 (8):  165-165.  Abstract + ( 1490 )   The rice varieties, characterized by the compact panicle type have been developed and used in the production during recent two decades in Zhejiang province, showing the significant role in yield potential improvement. The morphology and the eco-physiological properties of the compact panicle type rice were outlined, mainly analyzing the effects of this plant on field microclimate, production and transportation of dry matter, yield components, occurrence of rice false smut and rice quality, and grain-filling characters. The main issues have been proposed for further research of the compact panicle type rice, including continuous innovations of plant types and germplasms for rice breeding, comparative studies on relationship between the resource and sink, on differences in rice quality formation and their mechanisms among varieties with different plant type.

  Study about Yield Component Trait of Good Quality and Multi-resistant Shaan 2365 New Variety Yi Yonghua, Xing Hongyi, Jia Tao, Wang Cheng 2005, 21 (8):  170-170.  Abstract + ( 1462 )   The paper studied yield component trait of Shaan 2365 from fruit retention, number of fruit branch. Lint percent, seed index, boll weight and economics index of cotton boll. The results indicate that Shaan 2365 is more than 33B in all research factors. It’s growth Status is very well during every growth development stages, cotton-boll is bigger, lint percent is higher, flushing out is quicker, fruit abscission rate is lower. These were factors of high yield of Shaan 2365.

  Mitigative Effect of Salicylic Acid on Salt Stress Injuries in Soybean seedlings Wang Yan, Yang Xiaojie 2005, 21 (8):  172-172.  Abstract + ( 1759 )   Responses of Hefeng 25 and Hefeng35 (Glycine max) to salt stress—induced injuries were studied during the seedling growth stage. The results showed :under salt stress, Salicylic acid can increase the root characteristics in seedling stage, increase relative water content and dissolved protein content in of seedling, promote the activity of SOD and POD, decrease the relative rate of conduct . Meanwhile, the result were showed by testing data, Hefeng 35 is better than Hefeng 25, especially on the characters of resistant salt and mitigative effect of Salicylic acid.

  Research on Fertilization Technology for Hybrid Cotton under Sparse Planting Li Lingli, Wang Wenliang, Fang Weipin, Xie Deyi, Ma Zongbin, Tai Guoqin 2005, 21 (8):  175-175.  Abstract + ( 1325 )   The growth , development and yield of population of hybrid cotton YUZAO 35 was researched under different treatments with different level of fertilization in the same proportion of nitrogen ,phosphorus and potassium under sparse planting by 24000 plants per hectare. the results showed that increased the sowing rate of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer promoted accumulation of population dry matter and increased leaf area obviously ,the bolls per plant and the total bolls of cotton population were increased also ,thus the biomass yield and economic yield were enhanced markedly . while the yield increasing become insignificant ,and the fertilizer effect as well as the percentage of pre-frost harvested lint reduced when the fertilizer sowing rate of nitrogen(N) ,phosphorus(P2O5) and potassium(K2O) per hectare exceeded 195kg/hm2,97.5kg/hm2and 136.5kg/hm2 respectively .

  Effects of Stubble Mulching on the Field on Cropland Soil Moisture Content and Spring Corn Growth Hong Xiaoqiang, Zhao Erlong, Song Hongwei 2005, 21 (8):  180-180.  Abstract + ( 1444 )   Based on the results of the long term and position research, the soil moisture content in the soil profiles that covered stubble differ from the soil moisture content in bare profiles. Compared with the former, the soil moisture content has no obvious horizon variety in bare profiles but it is greatly influenced by the precipitation and evaporation. The variable range of soil moisture content distribution is obviously because the situation of stubble cover and soil physical features are different. Compared with the Check, the covered stubble has higher soil moisture content, the maximum is 18% in 0~40cm soil layer in shooting stage. In seedling stage, corn root was mainly in 0~30 cm and the root length was very small. Root length dramatically increased in booting stage and filling stage and root mostly distributed in 0~60cm and 0~90cm soil layer, respectively. The covered stubble could increase water utilization and the capability of storage water and, it could prompt the root growth of spring corn obviously and raise the per unit yield of 32.1%.

  Breeding of New Waxy Corn Variety Shan Bainuo No.11 Yang Yinfu, Xie Enkui, Zhang Renhe, Yue Ruiqian 2005, 21 (8):  184-184.  Abstract + ( 1472 )   The Shanbainuo No.11 variety was waxy-corn hybrid which was combined Y89 inbred line as the female parent and Y90 inbred line as the male parent. It was bred by special purpose corn office, College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University. An average yield was 6238kg/hm2 and increased by 20.3 percent than Zhongnuo No.1(CK) in the waxy corn regional trial and production trial of Shaanxi province in 2003~2004. Furthermore it also showed the good characteristics of CP10.91%, EE5.41%, crude starch 70.08%, lysine 0.31% ect. The fresh-eat sense and processing quality were 90 scores, it attained the first criterion of the Country. In the regional trial the yield of 11 trials were increased and 5 trials were decreased. It was using processing of quick-freeze, fresh-eating and processing material.It was released and popularized by 36th Crop Variety Authority Committee on March 7,2005.

  The Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Sugarcane Varieties under No Nitrogen Fertilizing Condition Liang Jun, Li Yangrui, Liang Zhaoxu, Tan Yumo 2005, 21 (8):  188-188.  Abstract + ( 1497 )   Six sugarcane varieties, GT11, ROC16, B1, B3, B5 and B8, were grown in the barrels without nitrogen fertilization. The indexes in relation to photosynthesis were investigated. The four nitrogen fixing varieties B1, B3, B3 and B8 were more efficient in photosynthesis with higher net photosynthetic rate, activity of ATPase and chlorophyll content. No nitrogen-fertilization negatively affected the photosynthesis of GT11 and ROC16. The variety B8 showed the highest photosynthetic ability while the variety GT11 the lowest, and the photosynthesis of the latter was more sensitive to lack of nitrogen.

  A Effects of Different Soil Water Treatment on Tomato Yield Components and Physiological Mechanism Peng Zhigong, Yang Peiling, Duan Aiwang, Wu Haiqing 2005, 21 (8):  191-191.  Abstract + ( 1698 )   On the basis of analyzed the variation of soil water content in different treatments, the effect of water treatment on vegetative, reproductive growth, physiological mechanism was discussed respectively. Meanwhile, the difference of water use efficiency from different water treatments was analyzed. The main conclusion includes four aspects. Firstly, the soil water content from 60cm to 100cm was reducing in whole growth period, which is more obvious in water stress treatment, namely the variation of soil water content is 13%~21%; Secondly, the effect of soil water on vegetative growth is positive, but the effect of soil water on reproductive growth is not obvious; Thirdly, the cellular liquid concentration in water stress treatment is higher than that in high water treatment, but the stomatal conductance in water stress treatment is lower than that in high water treatment; The last, if the soil water content was not lower than 70% after reproduced, it was adapt to tomato.

  Arabidopsis Mutants Used in Researches on Plant Responses to Phosphate Starvation Chang Shenghe, Shu Haiyan, Qin Guangyong, Wu Yuping, Zhao Haizhen 2005, 21 (8):  196-196.  Abstract + ( 1414 )   Phosphate is one of the most important elements needed by all of the lives. Meanwhile, it is also one of the least available nutrients in the soil. The yields of the crops are always affected by phosphate starvation. Research on the phosphate-starvation responses of the plants will play a key role in cultivating phosphate-resistant crops and reducing the phosphate added to soils. Comparisons of single gene mutants with the wild-type seedlings can provide an understanding of plant functions from molecular to the physiological. Phosphate-transport-function deficient mutants, organic-acid-production deficient mutants, mutants screened for identification the functions of a certain gene and mutants with altered roots were the four main types used. They have played important roles in research phosphate utilizing from soil, phosphate transportation, phosphate metabolism and identification the functions of genes. However, some fields such as the concrete regulation mechanism of plant’s reaction to Pi deficiency, the Pi transportation across tonoplast are not clear until now. Creating specific screening methods, screening more responses-specific mutants will provide breakthroughs for solving out these problems.

  Effects of Soil Fertility on Nitrate Accumulation in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Chen Guijun,, Zhang Shuicheng, Xu Zicheng 2005, 21 (8):  200-200.  Abstract + ( 1337 )   Tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNA) are the nitrogen compounds that could cause cancers strongly. The nitrate，nitrite and alkaloids are precursor to form TSNA in tobacco leaves. Soil is the basis of growth of tobacco plants. Therefore，it is of great importance to decrease the TSNA content and produce high quality and low harmful tobacco leaves by controlling soil nutrition conditions to reduce the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite in tobacco leaves. Effects of some soil fertility indexes including content of organic matter, pH value and main nutrient elements on nitrate accumulation in flue-cured tobacco leaf were summarized.

  Analyse of Components of Crude Protein and Amino Acid in Leaves of Euonymus Fortunei Pan Qinghua，Liu Hua，Lu Renqiang 2005, 21 (8):  204-204.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   Content of crude protein and 18 amino acid of 9 kinds of Euonymus fortunei were measured and analysed. The results showed that the leaves of Euonymus fortunei have higher content of crude protein, many kinds of amino acid, and 8 kinds necessary amino acid in animal’s body. The contents of crude protein and amino acid among varieties were extremely remarkable. The difference of the contents of different amino acid that belong to same variety were extremely remarkable. Contents of glutamic acid is the highest in 18 amino acids and cystine, tryptophan and ammonia were lower than elso and relatively stable. But they were positively correlated with the contents of crude protein, and the difference between them was not remarkable. The else 16 kinds of amino acid were positively correlated with the contents of crude protein and reached an extremely remarkable level. So authors draw a conclusion on the traits of crude protein and amino acids in leaves have homegeneity and suggest to develop researching of pasture, feedstuff and health tea in Euonymus fortunei.

  Effects of Water Stress on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthesis Characteristics in Sweet Potato(Ipomoea Batatas Lam.) Zhang Yunhua, Wang Rongfu, Ruan Long 2005, 21 (8):  208-208.  Abstract + ( 1457 )   Using sweet potato cultivars Xuezhou18 and Wan84-559 as materials, changes of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured. Under water stress, The decrement of contents of chlorophyll , PSⅡprimary photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) were less; increment of non-photochemical quenching coefficient（qN）were less in Xuezhou18. The above results suggested that damage of photosynthetic apparatus were lighter; more light energy absorbed by Xuezhou18 was converted into chemical energy and less light energy was dissipated through thermal energy.

  The Effects of Rational Application of Long Term Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Rice Yield Gao Jusheng, XU Minggang, Wang Bairen, Qin Daozhu，Wen Shilin, Shen Huaping 2005, 21 (8):  211-211.  Abstract + ( 1847 )   An experiment of long time was carried out for 20 years to study the influence of applying organic fertilizers or ration application of organic and chemical fertilizers on soil fertility and rice yield .The result were concluded as followings: (1) The total N content of soil was higher than chemical fertilizers, the effective N increased15.9mg/kg,when the organic fertilizers applied. (2) It was foundation of improving the soil PK nutrient to applying the PK fertilizer . The effective P, K content of soil increased 18.8, 27mg/kg in average to apply fertilizer. (3) Applying the organic fertilizer could improve the soil physical property, rational application could not obviously change pH . The organic fertilizer made soil capacity drop by 12.6%, the capacity of field water rise by 19.7%. (4) Rational application of organic and chemical fertilizers in succession, can stable increase yield in lastly. The total rice yield (the average yield of two seasons of 19 years) in the treatment of applying N P K Mg was 5556.8kg/hm2, which was 704.3kg/hm2 (14.5%.) higher than the treatment of only applying chemical fertilizer NPK.

  Analysis on Soil Moisture Character of Level Terrace on the South Loess Plateau Zhang Yubin, , Cao Ning, Wu Min, Wu Faqi 2005, 21 (8):  215-215.  Abstract + ( 1477 )   Level terrace in Chunhua was the system studied object, fallow sloping field was the check, and their soil moisture variety was dynamic monitored. This research discovered that soil pondage of level terrace were less than fallow sloping filed because of crops’ absorbing and using, and evaporation. There were four seasonal period, they were storing moisture period, rapidly missing moisture period, recruiting moisture period and slowly missing moisture period, respectively, and there were 3 layers, fast changing layer, activity layer and relatively stabilization layer, on terrace soil profile. Rainfall, topography and physiognomy position where terrace located, land utilized mode, terrace width, and planting life affected terrace soil moisture in different degree. In monitoring time, except terrace surface layer had a phenomenon of soil moisture under available water, others were in the range of available water, whenever it was abundance year or year of low water, available, medium available or readily available water of terrace soil can satisfy crop demanding for growth and non-growth cost.

  Study on Relationships Between Soil Factors and Betaine of Lycium barbarum in Different Regions of Ningxia Niu Yan,, Xu Xing, Wei Yuqing, Chang Hongyu 2005, 21 (8):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1641 )   Through developing HPLC on studying betaine content of Lycium barbarum in different regions using the Lycium barbarum material the betaine in content of Lycium barbarum was contrasted in different regions in July 2004 .The results showed the difference of betaine content of Lycium barbarum planted in Ningxia regions by analyzing the soil physics and chemistry factors and betaine content of Lycium barbarum in four main regions of Ningxia .The relations between soil factors and betaine of Lycium barbarum was discussed, The results showed that the correlation coefficient between betaine in different regions was significant ,the betaine content in old producing area-- Zhongning was more than that in Huinong .The correlation coefficient between betaine and soil factors was not significant ,but it presented positive correlation against efficient P，K. Betaine content in the fruit of Lycium barbarum L in Ningxia invariably presented positive correlation to the salt content of the earth, in which it showed markable .

  Effect of Decomposed Straw Manure on Soil Secondary Salinity Du Lianfeng, Wu Shuxia, Liu Jianling 2005, 21 (8):  224-224.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   Effects of application with fertilizer and decomposed straw manures on salinity soil EC, salt ions concentration and rape yield were investigated by pot culture. The results showed that it could increase soil salt content when applied fertilizer, and excessive fertilizer led to more serious secondary salinity and reduced rape yield. But decomposed straw application increased rape yield as well as soil salt content.

  Effect of Potassium Fertilizer on Seed Formation and Quality of Zea mays Sinensis Chen Huiyang, Feng Yingzhu, Yu Tuyuan 2005, 21 (8):  232-232.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   The paper studied the effects of potassium fertilizer on the seed formation and quality of Zea mays Sinensis. The material was “xiangbainuo”, a kind of Zea mays Sinensis, sowed in autumn and the experience was designed to do plot test. The results showed: (1) The fresh weight, the dry weight and the volume of seed were all raised than control for 0.158 g/100seed/d, 0.136 g/100seed/d and 0.130 cm3/100seed/d, respectively, while the seed water content was more quickly declined by 0.22%; (2) Potassium fertilizer can help gaining higher the content of lysine, crude protein, free amino acid , soluble protein, Fat and Starch . ⑶14d after being pollinated, lysine and crude protein reached the max volume, then began to decline slowly; the free amino acid and the soluble protein also reached the highest, 14d after being pollinated, but then declined quickly, until the 22 day; Fat and Starch were steadily raised until the 22 day after being pollinated, then slow down. (3) The optimum harvest date of Zea mays Sinensis was the 22-26 day after being pollinated, which sowedin autumn.

  Soil Water Diversification Character in a Cross Section of Small Watershed in Loess Hilly Area He Xiaohui,，Wen Zhongming，Li Rui，Bo Yaojun 2005, 21 (8):  243-243.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   According to the study on the Soil water diversification character in a cross section in Zhifang small watershed in loess hilly area, the following conclusions was drawn: ①As a population, the content of water in shady slope is higher than in sunny slope and in the lower slope is higher than in the up slope, so the landform is the deciding factor, while the vegetation is also important.②The content of water in arboreal grounds is the lowest, the shrub ground′s is better and the grass ground′s is best. So the feasible vegetations are grass ground and shrub ground in loess hilly area.③The growing of vegetations weaken the effect of slope′s change. The contents of robinia pseudoaccia are similar in shady slope and sunny slope, lower slope and up slope. The great water consumption of well grown caragana korshinskii make the content of water in shady slope and lower slope lower, and the grass community in sloping land have a higher water content.④There are dried soil layer in Zhifang small watershed except the grass vegetation in shady slope, but the vegetation can grow well, so the dried soil layer is very normal in well vegetation recovery area.

  Studies on Drought Tolerance of Several Cool-season Turfgrasses under Different Consistency PEG-6000 Solutions Duan Bihua,, Yin Weilun, Han Baoping, Xia xinli, zhang peng 2005, 21 (8):  247-247.  Abstract + ( 1572 )   The drought resistances of six varieties of three species of cool-season turfgrasses have been studied in this test. Compared their developing manifestations and living targets that have been measured under the stress of different consistency PEG-6000 solutions，there are different drought resistances of them. The result showed that the PLANTATION of TALL FESCUE kind having the best manifestations ，the deepest roots developing in the soil and the highest CAT activity，which indicated that it had stronger drought tolerance than others.

  Study on Apply of Water Retention Agency in Soiless Seedling Nursery of Vegetable I Influence on Water Status of Media and Cucumber Seedling Quality of Water Retention Agency Zhao Rui, Zhang Yulong, Xu Hui, Chen Junqin, Ma Jian 2005, 21 (8):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 2148 )   The water-holding and water-keeping capacity of media is important restriction factors because of apply of soiless seedling nursery in plug tray which nutritional area is small. The experiment which applied two water retention agents and three kinds of concentrations studied the water-keeping capacity of media and influence of seedling quality in plug seedling nursery. The result shows:T3（XIWOTE4‰）which is highest concentration is 2.400g media and T6（KEHAN4‰）2.475g after holding water, but CK is only 2.250g. The rate of losing and water-keeping capacity is the same principle. Water retention agent can solve the problem the contradiction between the water need and water supply when soiless seedling nursery is done. But higher concentration treatment is bad for seedling quality. The seedling quality of KEHAN2‰ is best on condition of the experiment.

  Studies on Liquid Storage of Seeds of Cymbidium hybridium Yao Xianhua, Wang Limin, 2005, 21 (8):  256-256.  Abstract + ( 1341 )   Cymbidium hybridium is a very important ornamental plant. Hybridization is a primary method of breeding of Cymbidium hybridum. There are ten thousands of seeds in one fruit .The seeds must be sterile seeded. They have short lives in air even though the temperature is low . The seeds are putted in liquid MS medium .PH 5.4, sugar 30g/L ,quantity of seeds per milliliter above 50 granules ,temperature about 15℃, light illumination about 2000lux .Storage liquid is twice vibrated everyday. Every time is two hours .The effect of storage is perfect.

  Study on High Yield Hybrid Seed Production Techniques of Sweet Pepper(Capsicum annuum var. grossum (L.) Sendt.) in Hainan Province Cao Zhenmu, Liu Weixia, Yang Zeliang, Dang Xuanmin, Liao Yi, Zhan Yuanfeng, Zhang Xiuming 2005, 21 (8):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 1489 )   In this paper, the factors influencing hybrid seed production of sweet pepper in Hainan province was studied in detail. The results showed that the plump seeds attained the tiptop when picked androecium the first day and pollinated the next morning. When relative humidity was greater than 70% and temperature was among 25~30℃, the germination rate would be higher. Among the three ripe fruit, the full ripe fruit had the highest germination rate, and afterripening had little influence, while to the others, their germination rate became higher along with the time of afterripening prolonged. And the highest germination rate of the full ripe fruit almost kept steadiness after having hold 200 days under normal temperature, whereas the other two descended rapidly. Aimed at the above results, the project and ways to improve the yield and purity of hybrid seed production had also been bring forward.

  Advance of potassium nutrition Zhang Enping, Zhang Shuhong, Ge Xiaoguang, Li Tianlai 2005, 21 (8):  265-265.  Abstract + ( 1786 )   Physiological functions of potassium, effects of potassium on vegetable yield, quality and resistance to deleterious environmental conditions and interaction of potassium with nitrogen were systematically reviewed. Potassium functioned almost in all metabolic process including photosynthesis, assimilating translocation and distribution, and metabolism of energy, water, nitrogen and so on. In most cases potassium showed positive effects on growth and production of vegetables due to its metabolic roles. Positive effects of potassium on vegetable quality was found, but opposite views were also reported. Suggestions in further research were brought forward on the base of foregoing summarization. More attention should be focused on precise potassium fertilization, insight into physiological functions of potassium and interaction of potassium with nitrogen so that surplus or lack of potassium in vegetable production can be judged easily with either vegetable plant or soil samples.

  esearch on Aseptic Budding and Fast Propagation of the Cymbidium tracyanum Seed Li Zhilin, Yu Chaoxiu, Wang Yuying, Wang Boqiong 2005, 21 (8):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   Research for the aseptic budding and the fast propagation of wild Cymbidium tracyanum L castle seed indicates that: the seed budding rate reaches above 95% and has the best result if culture and hormone of 1/2 Ms+6-BA1.0-2.0mg.L-1+NAA1.0-2.0 mg.L-1 are taken; and for original corm breeding, 1/2 MS+KT2.0mg.L-1+NAA0.5mg.L-1 is better; for seed reproduction culture, 1/2 MS+6-BA3.0 mg.L-1+NAA mg.L-1 is suitable; while for rhizogenic culture, better use 10-6Y2[注] .

  Effect of PP333 on Growth in Medium-late Maturing Melting peaches Shen Yu Ying, Fu Zheng De 2005, 21 (8):  271-271.  Abstract + ( 1373 )   Effects of PP333 on growth of shoots of ‘Datuanmilu’, ‘Hujingmilu’ and ‘Xipu No.1’ trees were studied. The study showed that the growth of shoot of medium-late melting peaches was significantly restrained by different concentrations of PP333. From results of shoots growth, yield, and the shape of the fruits, the best concentrations are the 12000 mg/L of PP333 for foru-year-old ‘Datuanmilu’ and 8000 mg/L for five-year-old ‘Hujingmilu’ and six-year-old ‘Xipu No.1’.

  Flower bud differentiation and development of Phalaenopsis on different treat time at high elevation Zhu Genfa, Chen Mingli, Sun Yongbo, Wang Biqing 2005, 21 (8):  275-275.  Abstract + ( 1513 )   The flower bud differentiation and development of 4 varieties of Phalaenopsis had been studied on different treat time at an elevation of 700 meters. The period from treat day to flower bud differentiation is changed by different varieties. The length of florescences of 4 varieties elongated very rapidly in 30 to 80 days after treating, and reached 10cm within 40 to 63 days, there were difference between varieties and treat time. It is necessary to choice treat time according to varieties.

  Culture of Axenic Seedlings of Citrus grandis Osbeck cv. Shatianyou Changshou Tong Ruijian, Yang Xiaohong , Jiang Meng 2005, 21 (8):  278-278.  Abstract + ( 1286 )   The axenic seedlings were cultivated to study the characters of development biology and the key planting technique of Citrus grandis Osbeck cv. Shatianyou Changshou in the period of seedling. The effect of light time on the growth of the seedling was mainly studied. The seedlings had been light on the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th day. The growth in 30 days of underground and overground were compared respectively. The seedlings that grew best were the ones of being light on the 6th day. Every batch of these seedlings was transplanted on the 12th, 15th, 18th, 21th, 24th and 27th day. The seedlings that grew best were that been transplanted on the 18th, 21th, and 24th day, and there were no significant difference.

  A Study on Theories and Approaches in Landscape Planning for an Agricultural Park ---An Example of the Qianjiang Eco--Agricultural Tour Area in Chongqing Qin Hua, Yi Xiaolin 2005, 21 (8):  282-282.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   An agricultural park has characteristics of both agriculture and gardens, to which full consideration should, therefore, be given in the landscape planning．Here, based on “human—land intergrowth” model with principles of soil localization，humanization，beneficial，beauty and proficiency, an example--the planning of eco--agricultural tour area of Qianjiang in Chongqing is provided so as to demonstrate the theories and approaches in agricultural park landscape planning.

  Studies on Effects of Partial Rootzone Irrigation in Different Stages of Development on Apple Trees Zou Yangjun,, Wei Qinping, Li Jiarui, Wang Xiaowei, Gao Zhaoquan 2005, 21 (8):  286-286.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   Partial rootzone irrigation (PRI) was a novel irrigation technique which improves the water use efficiency when the production wasn’t decreased. In this article split-root apple plants were used in different growth stages for PRI. The effects of PRI on water status, growth, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), leaf water use efficiency (WUE) were studied. The results showed plant’s water status didn’t change when only partial rootzone irrigated, but the growth of shoots and leaves were inhabited. The Pn、Tr、Gs and Gs of leaves decreased when only partial rootzone irrigated. Because Tr decreased more than Pn , the WUE was increased.

  Studies on aera selection of Asiatic lily bulb propagation in Qinling-Moutain Hao Ruijie, Niu Lixin,Zhang Yanlong, Xiang Diying 2005, 21 (8):  289-289.  Abstract + ( 1552 )   A trial was conducted to examine the effects of five different areas on Asiatic lily bulb propagation in Qinling-Moutain. By the examination of growth index, percentage of bulblet propagation and quality of root, the result showed that aeras of Asiatic lily bulb propagation should be selected strictly during its production and Sangyuanba in Hanzhong is one of perfect area in Qinling-Moutain.

  Problem and Advice of Almond-apricot Production in Baiyushan Mountainous Area of Northern Shaanxi Bai Gangshuan, Du Sheni, Liou Guobin, Ma Fengwang 2005, 21 (8):  292-292.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   On the basis of many years investigations and observations, the main problems of almond-apricot production in Baiyushan mountainous area of northern Shaanxi have been unveiled. Almond-apricot florescence and fruiting phase encounters strong and much frost. Chief variety of almond-apricot is Longwangmao, but Longwangmao florescence is shorter and earlier than other varieties, and resists frost weakly. Most almond-apricot have been planted on southern slope land, the tree on southern slope land blossoms earlier than other direction slope land, so has more chance of encounter frost, this not benefit for fruiting. On account of low yield and low production value, many almond-apricot trees have been cut down or have been desolated. Baiyushan mountainous area need select and introduce resistant frost varieties and late blossom varieties, strengthen administration and alteration almond-apricot production, develop wild apricot and wild peach, and offset the damnification of almond-apricot.

  Studies on the Core Collection of Peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch.) Genetic Resources Li Tianhong 2005, 21 (8):  296-296.  Abstract + ( 1424 )   Germplasm resources of peach provide a solid material foundation for breeding new varieties of peach. Core collection is a new concept and technique of using a minimum of accessions to represent a maximum of the genetic diversity in the whole collection. Considering the disadvantages existed such as the invalid collections, large plantation area and high cost of management, therefore, it is urgently necessary to establish core collection of peach, based on the information of passport data，evaluation data, and part of characterization data being got in the former reports.

  A Study on Genetic Relationship among Several Narcissus Cultivars by RAPD Markers Wu Jinghua, Lu Liuxin, Zhang Zhizhong 2005, 21 (8):  299-299.  Abstract + ( 1505 )   Seven cultivars were analyzed, using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) genetic markers. Eighteen decanuletide primers were used for DNA amplification, 129 markers generating. The genetic marker data were analyzed by using NT-sys software. A dendrogram was constructed by using UPGMA method. The study showed that it was similar between I-1 and I-2.II-1 and II-2 were similar. It also indicates that III-1and III-2 have a close relationship. III-3 is a special specie.

  Development of the Chemical Induction and Selection of Mutation Research in Horticulture Plant Luo Jing,, Zhou Houcheng, Wang Yongqing 2005, 21 (8):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1767 )   The article summarized the research development on chemical induction and selection of mutation in horticulture plant. The choice of explant and chemical medication, control method, and the selection of mutation with disease and salt resistance were introduced. According to the research progress and its application，it has proposed some suggestions and prospects to the technology of chemical induced mutation breeding.

  Study on Rapid Multip lication Technique of Dendrobium nobile by Tissue Culture Zhang Yucui，Gao Haibo 2005, 21 (8):  306-306.  Abstract + ( 1406 )   Using the shoot tip tissue of Dendrobium nobile as material,the effect of various hormone concentration including NAA,IBA and BA on multiplication index and root inducing was studied.The results showed that the optimum subculture concentration of BA and NAA was 0.5mg/L;IAA was the best hormone to induce root and it's optimum concentration was 1.0~2.0mg/L

  The Research on the Experiment of Several Kinds of Wild Plants of Sedum L. been Cultivated Shi Jinchao, Xie Youli, Chi Quanbo 2005, 21 (8):  308-308.  Abstract + ( 1510 )   After the adjustability versus temperature moisture and sun's rays of 7 kinds of wild Sedum L. has been researched in Beijing area. This paper shows that, the wild Sedum L. can accomplish the up-growth course of germinating, leaves open-outing, blossoming and fruiting in proving ground, can be bred via cutting and plant divided, can endure 3.7%~4.1% the lowest moisture, can endure 42.2℃ of the extremely highest temperature and -16.4℃ of the extremely lowest temperature, can grow normally under the environment of complete sunlight or 0.7 canopy destiny, can last out green color for the period from 240 to 260 days. They are excellent wild landscape plants for ground cover in Beijing area.

  Analysis of Heterosis in Pepper Qiao Naini, Gong Zhenhui 2005, 21 (8):  311-311.  Abstract + ( 1522 )   With 11 Pepper varieties and 14 incomplete dialed crosses taken as experiment materials, the heterosis of pepper was analyzed on 13 characters. The results showed that heterosis in pepper were quite extensive and apparent. There were great differences of dominance among characters, and Level of heterosis were also different in different crosses; Heterosis of agronomic traits was strong but that of quality characters was not obvious, At the same time, heterosis of characters with strong dominance had a large range of variability among crosses, while heterosis of characters with no dominance had a little differences.

  Medical Value and Advances in Tissue Culture of Ginkgo biloba Fu Xiaoyi, Liu Guiru, Yang Xueju 2005, 21 (8):  314-314.  Abstract + ( 1520 )   In this paper, medical value in octolocular、leaf 、seed coat、kernel、timber of ginkgo and advances in tissue culture of are reviewed.The review of this paper is focused on tissue culture, such as stem culture, gametophyte culture, embryo culture, factors affecting the callus tissue formation and inhibition of browning during the culture. The basic culture medium that the ginkgo tissue culture is SH culture, main additional hormone of culture medium of induce callus are 2,4-D 2mg/L，6-BA1mg/L、NAA0.5mg/L and apple juice10%, under the condition that the strength of high voltage static electricity 1.0kV/cm and Cu2+ are to advantage the growth of callus. Improvement MS culture and paclobutrazol are contribitute to the sprout and differentiation of axillary bud . The MS cluture which is added BA2mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L、royal jelly and coconut milkcan induce ginkgo embryoid effectly。0.1% phytic acid、5.0mg/L ascorbic acid or 2000mg/L polyvinylpyrrolidone has the effect in inhibition of browning during the culture.

  Molecular Detection of Phytoplasma associated with Wheat Blue Dwarf Zhang Rong, Sun Guangyu, Zhang Yamei, Zhang Qinfeng, Zhao Erlong 2005, 21 (8):  318-318.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   Wheat Blue Dwarf is one of the main disease on winter wheat in Northwestern China. A 1.2kb fragment was amplified by phytoplasmas universal primers in total DNA sample extracted from diseased wheat with dark green leaves and red dwarf symptom by Nested-PCR. The result indicated molecularly that the pathogen of Wheat Blue Dwarf disease was phytoplasma. The different symptoms (dark green dwarf and red dwarf) were all caused by phytoplasmas. Nested-PCR could be as a rapid, exact technique for detecting the pathogens from wheat leaves, insect vectors and weed host.

  Toxicity and Application of Novel Insecticide HNPC-A2005 against Lepidopterous Insects Ou Xiaoming, Wang Yongjiang, Pei Hui, Lin Xuemei, Yu Kuai 2005, 21 (8):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1368 )   HNPC-A2005, 1-(3-fluoro-4-chlorophenyl) -2-methylthio acetyl ketone oxime-o- (2-methylbiphenyl-3-methyl) ether, is a novel oxime insecticide discovered and developed by Hunan Branch of the National Pesticide R & D South Center. Toxicity, mode of action and field efficacy of HNPC-A2005 was evaluated against the lepidopterous insects. Bioassay results at the laboratory showed that HNPC-A2005 had good stomach, contact, comprehensive action and a weak systemic activity to the lepidopterous insects such as oriental armyworm Mythimna separata and imported cabbageworm Pieris rapae. Quick knockdown action was also observed during the experiment. Greenhouse pot test and field trials demonstrated that HNPC-A2005 exhibited a good control efficacy against imported cabbageworms and tea tussock moth Euproctis pseudoconspersa. HNPC-A2005 had a control efficacy of 93% and 82% against imported cabbageworms and tea tussock moths, respectively, three day after application at the dosage of（a.i.）75 g /hm2, and was safe to beneficial insects and crops.

  The Establishment of AFLP Markers Technical System for Wheat rust fungus Tang Jing,, Pu Zhigang, Zhang Min, Yan Wenzhao 2005, 21 (8):  325-325.  Abstract + ( 1460 )   Now amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is one of the usest molecular marker methods,In this paper ,we used wheat rust fungus as materials.Through extracting DNA、the digestion f DNAof wheat rust fungus、PCR amplification and so on, we established the AFLP markers technical system for rust fungus：400ng quantity of DNA was digested with 5U EcoRI and 5U TrulI at 37℃for 3hours and then 65℃ for 3 hours,then added ligation mixture at 22℃ for 3hours and 16℃ for 10 hours；pre-selective amplification were set up 5μl restrictiom-ligatiom samples DNA,10uM pre-selective amplification primers each 1.5μl,PCR mixture 25μl,ddH2O 17μl ;selective amplification were set up DNA 5μl, selective amplification primers each 1μl, PCR mixture 10μl,ddH2O 3μl. These results provided an useful tool to research the molecular cloning of wheat rust fungus and other fungus disease and breeding assisted selection.

  Experiment of Japanese Sex Pheromones on the Control Apple Pests Zhang Manrang, Han Mingyu, Li Bingzhi 2005, 21 (8):  330-330.  Abstract + ( 1525 )   Using Sex pheromones control pests are effective methods in nuisance less agriculture production, The experiment of Mating disruption of confuser-A introduced from Japan control apple major pests include Carposina niponesis, Phyllonorycter ringonella heparana and Adoxophyes orana fasciata, in one year or two years. It shows that not only the rate of injured reduces about 40%to 90%. Compared with the check, but also the use method is simple, and only use one times one year ,Through Trapping of sexual trap introduced from Japan control carposina niponesis and phyllonorycter ringiniella can also gain good results, especially in the Moth amounts of trap, it is obviously higher than the same type internal products.

  Reasons for the Serious Disease Root~knot Nematode(Meloidogyne spp.) of Vegetables Under Strcture Gu Duanyin, Wang Xiufeng, Wei Min, Zhang Rentang 2005, 21 (8):  333-333.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   The disease of root~knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp) has been more serious and became a barrier in structure with the increase of vegetable area. The soil characteristics, the special culture and management measures and the lack of prevention were analyzed in this report. And the reasons of this disease in planting greenhouse vegetables were also inquired. In the end, the preventions and cures were provided.

  Study on the United Control Effects of Emamectin benzoate and Tebufenozide to Spdoptera exigua (Hübnet) on Different Vegetable Species Long Liping, Cai Jianhe, Tang Wenwei, Ling Yan, Qin Jianlin 2005, 21 (8):  336-336.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   The results of field plot trial indicated: 5.1% emamectin benzoate +tebufenozide WP provided a satisfaction control effect against Spdoptera exigua (Hübnet) in different vegetable fields. In tomato field, the control effect were 74.92%~94.96% in the third day with the dilution times of 850-2000 spraying in the period of egg hatching days, and it dropped in the seventh day. In Chinese cabbage field, it gave the best control effect in the fifth day, which reached 83.85%~95.52%. This product also provided a satisfaction control effect against Pieris rapae, and security to tested vegetable species. It can be used to control Spdoptera exigua (Hübnet) in the field with the dilution times of 850~1200.

  Occurrence Regularity and Controlling Technique of Vegetable Grey Mound in Protected Ground Xu Zhiying, Guan Xiaoyan, Shi Chunxi, Guan Chongmei 2005, 21 (8):  339-339.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   In recent years, vegetable grey mound in protected ground is the key factor to limit the increase of outputs and quality. Considering this problem, during the years 2002 through 2004, we studied the occurrence regularity and controlling technique for the disease in the middle of Shaanxi province, and took some experiments for medicament effectiveness. The results show that different medicament can bring out controlling effectiveness against the disease beyond 80%, and the controlling effectiveness can approach to 90.12% using 40%Scala SC1000. The occurrence and harm of vegetable grey mound in protected ground can effectively and efficiently limited by the comprehensive controlling technique involving agriculture, zoology and biology.

  Effect of Several Chemicals on Induction Resistance to Downy Mildew in Cucumber Seedlings Li Yuhong, Cheng Zhihui, Chen Xiaoguang, 2005, 21 (8):  343-343.  Abstract + ( 1404 )   Aqueous solutions of BTH、SA、BABA、Oxalic acid and KCl were used on seedling with two true leaves 2 days before inoculation with P. cubensis. Results obtained showed t these inducer all could induce resistance in cucumber against downy mildew except KCl. The better inducer in the study were BTH and oxalic acid and their optimum induction concentration were 0.5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L respectively. Expression of resistance in the leaves after BTH or oxalic acid treatment continued for at least 15 days. The combination of BTH with oxalic acid or BABA did not more significantly increase the induce effect than simple inducer.

  Current Advances in Mycoherbicides Research Xiao Yansong, Bai Lianyang, Chen Guihua 2005, 21 (8):  345-345.  Abstract + ( 1581 )   Using mycoherbicides for control of weeds has great potential. The fungi with herbicidal acitivity are mostly focus on the fungus colletotrichum and other eight fungi.Now it has screened many herbicidal activity strains in the world. Control efficient of some strains are as well as chemical herbicides. But the difficulty of fermentation and formulation, the high host-specifity and other problems are limit its application in production. The application of mycoherbicide combine with low rates of herbicides or other fungi can overcome some limitations, improve the pathogenicity. In addition, the improvement of formulation, comprehensive utilization of pathogenic microbes and insect agents, especially strain improving by transgenic technology and DNA recombination technology have become hot research directions.

  Study on β-D-Glucosidase Activity of Fusarium oxysporum Che Jianmei, Liu Bo 2005, 21 (8):  348-348.  Abstract + ( 1299 )   β-D-Glucosidase activity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from different hosts and different part of cucumber and white-flowered gourd were tested. β-D-Glucosidase activity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from different part of white-flowered gourd were 21.8233 U, 22.1663 U, 21.4573 U and 17.587 U which were almost the same. But that from different part of cucumber were different which were 23.907 U, 22.0983 U, 35.736 U and 34.5323 U. The range of β-D-Glucosidase activity of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from different hosts were 10.21830 U~39.82230 U and the sequence was watermelon＞cucumber＞white-flowered gourd＞melon＞cowpea＞capsicum.

  Study on resistance evaluation of spot blotch caused by H. sativum with detached leaves in wheat Song Qingjie 2005, 21 (8):  352-352.  Abstract + ( 1263 )   We studied feasibility of wheat breeding for resistance to spot blotch caused by H. sativum using detached leaves method, the results showed that using the evaluation method of detached leaves has some advantage including nicety, fast and no influence of environments. With this method, we evaluated 2632 lines and screened 8 lines with high resistance and 60 lines with medium resistance to spot blotch. Among the resistant lines,17 are synthetic hexaploid wheat and 51 lines are common wheat.

  The Damage of Tobacco Spot Disease on Tobacco Output Value of Different Part Leaves Gao Jiahe, Yu Qing, Li Meiyun, Liu Yun, Zhu Jian 2005, 21 (8):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1372 )   The damage of tobacco spot disease with different dangerous degree were studied on tobacco output value of different part leaves, which included the 4th-7th, 8th-10th, 11th-14th and 15th-19th leaves from the bottom up to the terminal of tobacco plants, during flue-cured tobacco modulated time. The result showed that there was no distinct divergence output loss between the 8th-10th and 15th-19th leaves infected by tobacco spot disease with any dangerous degree, but the output of 4th-7th and 11th-14th leaves were affected when the damage from tobacco spot disease extended to 3~4 grade. The output loss was remarkable negative correlated to disease grade of the 4th-7th leaves, and was extreme remarkable strong negative correlated to that of the 11th-14th or 15th-19th leaves. With the 0.5 grade damage degree, the output value of all part leaves begin to decline and its loss get more and more increscent with the aggravating damage. There was extremely remarkable negative correlation between the output value loss and the disease grade of 15th-19th leaves, however, the output value loss was extreme remarkable strong negative correlated to that of the 4th-7th, 8th-10th and 11th-14th leaves. The disease grade of different tobacco leaves was remarkable strong negative correlated to the proportion of middle grades tobacco leaves and was extremely remarkable strong positive correlated to that of low grades tobacco leaves.

  Origin and Control Measurement of Weedy Rice in Liaoning Ma Dianrong, Chen Wenfu, Xu Zhengjin, Zhang Wenzhong 2005, 21 (8):  358-358.  Abstract + ( 1248 )   The article analyzed origin, potential hazard, diffuse approaches and ecological control measurement of weedy rice in Liao ning province. The article indicated that weedy rice diffused widely by seed transportation and spread nearly by farming. Weedy rice affected the production of rice as well as the value. Compositive control measurement of weedy rice based on prevention and cultivation should be applied.

  Studies on Occurrence and Control of Pratylenchus dioscoreae yang ＆ zhao Zang Shaoxian, An Xinbo, Qi Qiaoli, Zhao Laishun 2005, 21 (8):  361-361.  Abstract + ( 1319 )   The pathogen causing root rot of Dioscorea opposita is one kind of nematode, Pratylenchus dioscoreae Yang & Zhao. The hosts, annual life history, infection site, infection period, and population dynamics and survival period were examined and clarified in this research. It was found that the disease was spread by seedlings, soil and manure. The economical and effective integrated control strategies were put forward through selecting the non-diseased multiplication material, crops rotation, removal of diseased remains, fungicide soaking and soil treatment.

  Advances in Study of Plant Induced Disease Resistance Pan Yaqing, Shi Shuzhi 2005, 21 (8):  366-366.  Abstract + ( 1160 )   The induced resistance is to use the method of physics, chemistry, living things, in advance to manage the plant to change the reaction to plant disease pests, former to make having a disease reaction produce the part or system disease resistance .The article emphatically introduce the plant induced disease resistance in broad outline, from after plants being induced, happening a series of physiological change in plant body to the mutual relation between many kinds of resistance disease reaction and protection reaction in plant body and so on aspects. Many studies have show that after plants being induced by induced matter some protein PR is produced in their body. Activities of their peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ferment, chitimase all increase greatly. The surrounding of plant being infected is rapidly lignificated. Two suits of gene act early or late in the course of plant induced resistance disease, they are the gene of resistance disease and the protection gene, the outcome of resistance disease gene and the outcome of virus avirulent gene have identified action, consequently, the identified action induces the gene of protection reaction to express

  转基因生物农药；安全性；评价 Security appraisal of the biological agriculture chemical of transgenosis 2005, 21 (8):  370-370.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   (Institute of unity and coherence in writing of tarulimu university, Aler xinjiang 843300)

  The Change Situation, Change Causes and Protective Measures of the Cultivated Land Resources in the different Regions of China Chen Yinjun, Wu Kai, Lu Bu, Yuan Zhang, Xu Yuexian 2005, 21 (8):  373-373.  Abstract + ( 1433 )   The annual net decrease of the cultivated area in China in rent years had a big increase, the ratio between which and the total area in 2003 was 2.06%. The ratio of the net decrease of the cultivated area between the region and the country was 23.9% for the Northwest Region，22.2% for the middle part region and 19.5% for the Southwest Region. The ratio between the area increased by the element and the total increased area was 13.1% for arranged land, 17.5% for re-cultivated land， 32.0% for reclaimed land and 37.4% for agricultural structure adjustment. The ratio between the area decreased by the element and the total decreased area was 13.7% for the land used to construction， 5.3% for the cultivated land damaged by disaster， 59.6% for the land withdrew from cultivation， 21.4 % for agricultural structure adjustment. The cultivated area of 12250*104 hectares in China in 2010 should be ensured by the protective measures including controlling the area of the land used to construction, increasing the area of the arranged land，the re-cultivated land and the reclaimed land, pursuing agricultural structure adjustment, raising the cultivated land quality using “the fertilizing soil project”, increasing unit yield and raising the production quality using increased content of science and technology and raising the land use quality on the land withdrew from cultivation.

  The Successional Trend of Soil Quality After Reclamation in the Oasis of Manasi River Valley Pan Xudong, Wang Miaofeng, He Xin, Wang Kai, Li Yuming, Zhang Sheng, Zhang Fenghua 2005, 21 (8):  377-377.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   Based on farmland of the oasis in Manasi river valley, Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was applied to carry out principal component analysis and correlated analysis about soil regime in different reclamation years. The result showed that , the plow layer of soil conditions went better in initial reclamation stage , then it began degrading after achieved optimization , and seriously degraded in 10 ~ 15 years which was the warning time. Through synthetic analysis, it could prevent farmland degeneration，provide consultation and theoretic foundation for soil fertility maintenance and recovery.

  Assessment of Social and Economic Effect of Soil and Water Conservation in Loess Plateau Chen Guojian,，Li Rui，Yang Qinke，Zhang Yating 2005, 21 (8):  384-384.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   This paper use the method of grey correlation analysis to assess with rations the social and economic effects caused by soil and water conservation in ten catchments in Loess Plateau, it is showed that soil and water conservation project greatly promote rural society and economy to develop, and that the income per capita is the chief factor which reflects the effect of soil and water conservation on social and economic development, furthermore, the occupancy of foods per capita, the rate of land use , the investment for soil and water conservation per capita, the gross income of agriculture and the area of basic farmlands all are the important factors which reflect the effect of soil and water conservation on social and economic development. Only if the benefits of all of these factors are in good shape that the whole economy is healthy, so systems engineering theory must be introduced to assure environment and economy both develop well.

  Study of Land-use / Farming land Converting Change and their slope gradient differentiation on the middle scale research site using emote Sensing Data Zhang Xiaoping,, Li Rui,, Yang Qinke,, Jiaofeng,, Wen Zhongming,, Wang Fei, 2005, 21 (8):  388-388.  Abstract + ( 1277 )   Based on the RS and GIS methods, the authors extracted the land use / land cover information from aero photograph in November 2000, and got the 2003 data from field survey. We also got the slope degree data from measuring the topography map and combined with the land use /land cover data to dynamically monitor and analyze the status of land use and its suitability. The results showed that: (1) The land use changed greatly in the research site during 2000-2003. The slope farm land decreased by 35.9%, the orchard land increased by 28.1%, and the afforested land increased by 103%. The quality of ecology in the research site was improved largely. (2) In the research site, which stands for the typical loess hilly gully region, more than 50% of land was eroded. Over gully ridge distributed the most land from 8-15?and 15-25?. While the most land under gully ridge belong to <3? and >35?. (3) In 2003, the different land use types focused the different slope degree scope. 70.73％ of terrain land is less than 15?, 63.61% of orchard land less than 25?, 78.18% of forest and shrub land great than 25?, 75.49% of grass land is in the eroded gully region, where is greater than 25?. From the angle of soil and water conservation and natural suitability of land, the differentiation of land use/land cover is reasonable generally. (4) The research site still has slope farmland of 46.53km2 in 2003, which occupy 64% of 2000. 32.75% is great than 25?, the critical angle of erosion. Due to lacking the protection, erosion on this part of land happened very easily and increasingly, which is the big hidden trouble of soil and water loss. In the future, the key measure of converting the slope farm land and improving the ecology environment efficiently, is to justify the reasonability according to the slope degree differentiation, strengthen the land use planning, and get support from science and technolpogy.

  Effects on Sorption of Pesticides by Soils and Sediments: A Review Ying Xinghua, Xu Xia 2005, 21 (8):  393-393.  Abstract + ( 1256 )   Pesticides are important organic contaminants in the environment. Sorption is one of the most important behaviors of transportation and transformation of pesticides in soils and sediments environment. Study on the sorption of pesticides by soil and sediment are reviewed with 51 references. The characters of pesticide, components of soil and sediment, temperature, the value of pH and coexisting organic matters which affect the sorption and mechanism of pesticide by soil and sediment are discussed. The paper also puts forward some problems in the field and the development direction in future.

  Advance in the Research on Prevention and Cure Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution of Soils Gu Hong, Li Jiandong, Zhao Xuanhe 2005, 21 (8):  397-397.  Abstract + ( 1338 )   This paper summarizes the characters of heavy metal contamination of soils, mostly analyzes and reviews the various prevention and cure technology of heavy metal pollution of soils in china and at abroad from five aspects of physical, chemical, agricultural, biochemical and agro-engineering measure, contemporary points out the virtues and shortcomings. Based on above-mentioned, several own opinions about it are brought forward, as well as references for the study aftertime are put forward.

  Advances of Research on Postharvest and storage physiology of mango Li Min, Hu Meijiao, Gao Zhaoyin, Yang Fengzhen 2005, 21 (8):  400-400.  Abstract + ( 1715 )   mango is a climacteric fruit. fruit quality and metabolic physiology are changed greatly after harvest. The research on mango postharvest and storage physiology in recent years are clarified, mainly including fruit quality，respiratory，ethylene ，active oxygen ，effects of Ca2+on ripening and stress physiology。 the research contents and ways aftertime are discussed .

  Effect of Artificial Vegetation Restoration on Sanditificational Soil Characteristics in High Frigid Regions of China Qi Yanbing, Chang Qingrui, Wei Xin, Zhang Jing 2005, 21 (8):  404-404.  Abstract + ( 1289 )   In this study, soil physical and chemical characteristics in different develop stage after artificial vegetation restoration have been researched in Shazhuyu desert control site. The result showed that, artificial vegetation restoration have better impact to sandificational soil. With the sand dunes have been fixed, the content of sands reduced gradually, but silt and clay rose; soil organic matter, nutrient and CEC gradually rose; soil pH value had no larger change; calcium carbonate content only rose on top layer. It need a long time for sandificational land evolve into natural soil, so people should deduce artificial influence to sandificational land.

  Effects of stocking densities on survival, growth and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei Wang Xingqiang, Cao Mei, Ma Shen, Dong Shuanglin, Yan Binlun 2005, 21 (8):  409-409.  Abstract + ( 1372 )   The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of stocking densities (12.04, 24.08, 48.16, 144.49, 240.81, 337.13, 433.46, 529.78, 626.11 individuals×m-2) on survival, growth and energy budget of juvenile L. vannamei with the initial wet body weight of 0.026±0.006g. The experiment lasted for 45 days. The results showed that I. The survival for densities of 12.04, 24.08 and 48.16 individuals×m-2 were significantly higher than for density of 626.11 individuals×m-2, but were not significantly different from other treatments. II. The specific growth rate for densities of 12.04 and 24.08 individuals×m-2 were significantly higher as compared with other treatments; the relationship between specific growth rate (SGRd) and density (D) was described by the following regression equation: SGRd=-0.3911Ln(D)+10.068 (R2=0.8745).

  Adaptability of White-leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei ) to Alkaline Waters in Northeast China. Yang Fuyi, Li Xiujun, Yang Xinqiao, Sun Limin 2005, 21 (8):  413-413.  Abstract + ( 1472 )   To take the way of which natural alkaline water was added into the water of desalinated shrimp pond, acute toxicity of water alkalinity and pH to desalination white-leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei ) juvenile shrimp was determined by one-way toxicity test in indoor, and the test of live ability of juvenile shrimp was made in natural alkaline waters. The results showed that 24, 48 and 96 hours LC50 of alkalinity to juvenile shrimp were 12.94, 11.89 and 11.65 mmol/L at pH of 7.41~7.62 and at salinity of 3.56‰~3.45‰, respectively, and SC was 3.10 mmol/L. 24 hours EC50 of alkalinity to juvenile shrimp was 2.78 mmol/L at pH of 7.33~7.41 and at salinity of 3.62‰~3.56‰. In the 3.58‰~3.31‰, when alkalinity was 5.37~ 19.71 mmol/L, 24 and 48 hours LpH50 to juvenile shrimp were 9.26~8.54 and 9.14~8.47, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LpH50 to juvenile shrimp were 9.26~8.98, 9.14~8.86, 9.10~8.80 and 9.00~8.80 at alkalinity of 5.37~14.66 mmol/L, respectively. At alkalinity was 5.37, 10.72. 14.66 and 19.71 mmol/L, SpH to juvenile shrimp was 8.42, 8.23, 8.14 and 7.85, respectively. When alkalinity was 25.33~36.42 mmol/L, alkalinity and pH restricts juvenile shrimp live before salinity in natural alkaline waters. Adaptive capacity of juvenile shrimp to alkalinity and pH is not so powerful as of freshwater fish, it can not still adapt to high alkalinity and pH of water environment in northeast China.

  Investigation on Development Countermeasure and Industrialization Patterns of Sci-tecProduction in Agricultural University Zhang Xiaoni, Iang Zongxiang, Cui Weifang, Zhang Haicheng, Sun Nan 2005, 21 (8):  420-420.  Abstract + ( 1496 )   The paper summarized the seven patterns that were developed during the development of the industrialization for science and technology production, and analyzed characteristic and applying extension of each pattern; based on the research and estimation of the main problem that were confronted with industrialization of science and technology production, and proposed relative measure about sci-tec management, sci-tec innovation, sci-tec agency market construction, sci-tec venture investment and international sci-tec cooperation, etc.

  The Agriculture of Anhui Province invests in the Relevant Research with the Peasant's Income Chen Li, Liu Guanghui 2005, 21 (8):  423-423.  Abstract + ( 1308 )   On the basis of Anhui Agricultural statistical data during 1985—2003, the thesis carry on the research on the relation between agriculture investment and peasant's income in Anhui province by adopting the methods of the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. Then the author put forward the measurement of increasing investment to Anhui agriculture and accelerating peasant's income.

  School Running Characteristic of The Royal Veterinary College and Its Revelation Liang Xiaoyi 2005, 21 (8):  426-426.  Abstract + ( 1170 )   The Royal Veterinary College of University of London has its unique campus style, sound framework and subject setting, practical and innovated teaching and scientific research genius, strict management mechanism for competition and the idea of the combination of production, learning and study to run a school, which gives us a lot of revelation. We should quicken our step of international veterinary high education combination by setting specific superiority in university, identifying cultivation aim and establishing related policy.

  System Restraint and Countermeasures about Agro-technology Applied in Our County Chen Xiuzhi, Qin Hong,, Zhang Shaojiang 2005, 21 (8):  430-430.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   Our country’s Agriculture has developed quickly in recent years. Nowadays it is faced with the difference of receiving the new agro-technology. There are many constricting factors influencing the receipt of new technology. In the light of the present conditions, we bring forth new ideas. The farmer can become share holders with their farmland.

  Strategic Thinking of Characteristic Agriculture Development in South of Shaanxi Province Long Mingxiu ，Du Shiping 2005, 21 (8):  433-433.  Abstract + ( 1246 )   The necessity and feasibility of the characteristic agriculture development in south of Shaanxi Province were analyzed scientifically and objectively, a series of strategic steps were discussed.

  On innovation of philosophy education in colleges of agriculture and forestry Xu Wenjun, Lu Junli, Li Yucheng 2005, 21 (8):  436-436.  Abstract + ( 1234 )   There exists lots of difficulties in philosophy education in colleges of agriculture and forestry at present and the way-out is to carry out innovation in six fields such as: function, idea, teacher-student relationships, education style, practice and test strategy.

  Study on the Exploiting Construction and Development Countermeasures of Tourism Agriculture in Shanghai Cao Linkui, Jia Ming 2005, 21 (8):  440-440.  Abstract + ( 1456 )   The basic characters of tourism agriculture such as farming character, ecology character, entertainment character are analyzed according to ideas of system design. The contributions of tourism agriculture development in Shanghai are advanced. This paper claimed four countermeasures of tourism agriculture development in Shanghai, i.e. extending the function of tourism agriculture, taking tourism agriculture as an important component part of the unified planning between urban tourism system and urban agriculture, developing the characteristics and superiority of tourism agriculture in different urban and rural area, and exploiting new features and designs of tourism agriculture in special resource area.

  Studies on the Rural basic Old-age Insurance of Suzhou of Existing Problem and Countermeasure at the Present stage Chen Zhe 2005, 21 (8):  444-444.  Abstract + ( 1146 )   The question of the rural social stability is an important problem. This text analyses the historical evolution of the rural basic old - age insurance of Suzhou at first, on the basis of analysing the situation at present and existing problem, have improved and strengthened the overall countermeasure and suggestion of the rural basic old - age insurance of Suzhou.

  Discussion on Development and Park area Planning of Sightseeing Agriculture Pan Hong, Lin Qing 2005, 21 (8):  449-449.  Abstract + ( 957 )   This article discussed the history of development, inevitability and the meaning of Sightseeing Agriculture, analysed the existing problems and countermeasures of Sightseeing Agriculture in our country on the first step. Expect that this paper can provide the certain decision analysis references for Sightseeing Agriculture and park area construction by putting forward frames on park area planning of Sightseeing Agriculture.

  Research and Comparison of Land Usage Regulation System in Foreign Countries and Tai Wan of China Lu Guanyao, Zhu Yubi, Pan Ke 2005, 21 (8):  452-452.  Abstract + ( 1450 )   Adopt the referencing method and the comparison analysis method, based on the simple introduction on the regulation of usage of land in Canada, USA, Japan and Taiwan, compare the regulation systems or content and the practice methods, summaries the common character, then provide certain notice for the immature land usage regulation for our country: In the process of perfect the land usage regulation, our country should emphasis the usage of land for different areas, land usage planning, clarify the limits of authority and perfect the related legal system.

  Ponder over the Problems on Accelerating the Development of Education Undertaking in Rural Areas Li Longzhong 2005, 21 (8):  456-456.  Abstract + ( 1131 )   It is the fundamental element to enhance the quality of native peasants, and the key point is accelerating the development of education undertaking if we shall achieve the whole goal of making rural areas become society of relative affluence. It has been long that the structure of rural education is single, and it is having partial pursuit of enrollment quotas, the vocational education and the adult education of rural education is weak, which is short of universal education aiming at the rural areas, neglects the needs of a lots of graduates coming back hometown from high schools with requiring with learning the knowledge and technology on production for their jobs, which leads to restraining the development of the agricultural technology and science and the adjustment of agricultural structure, making the competitive power weaker, and at the same time influencing the shift of rural surplus labor force. The paper also shows us with that our government must put more money to improve our rural education, and establish the overlooking and the bestir system to take good use of educational fund, strengthen to induct and arouse the consume of home-based education, adjust the setting of specialized courses of the high schools in rural areas and reinforce the training of rural practical technology, quicken the transference of rural population to villages and so on to accelerate the development of education undertaking in rural areas.

  Foster the Modern Political Consciousness Enhance the Political Quality of the Peasant Zhou tao 2005, 21 (8):  459-459.  Abstract + ( 1347 )   As the change of the traditional society to the modern one, the peasant’s political consciousness has changed greatly. It is necessary and important for Chinese peasants to foster the modern, rational and opening political consciousness, including the consciousness of socialism, collectivism, patriotism, reform, opening, developing and so on, instead of the blindly following and closing one. In order to foster the peasant’s modern political consciousness, we should enlighten the peasant and improve their political quality; strengthen ideological education and improve their moral quality; spread law knowledge and heighten their legal mentality; extend the basic democracy and put into autonomy of the peasants.

  The Rethinking of the Food Production’s Protective Problem Chen Chong, Wang Zhengbing, He Xuesong 2005, 21 (8):  463-463.  Abstract + ( 1353 )   The problem of food is very important, which relate to social safety. In recently year, the gap between producing and demanding of food is expanding all the time. Although the government has made several protective policies in order to motivate farmers to produce food, the hidden danger of food security haven’t been resolved radically. This paper firstly analyzes the importance and present conditions of the food protection, then rethink the problems of the protective policies from psychological anticipation、protective methods、law, and so on.