Abstract: During the process of China’s urbanization , more and more losing land peasants are appearing. However they have to face serious problems of their existence and development under the present institution arrangement. So the purpose of this study is to pose some suggestion of policy and thinking about protecting the interests of losing land peasants. Methods of induction and documents are employed. The results show the main reasons of harming the losing land peasants’ interests , suggest to treat the losing land peasants’ interests through obeying the rules of equality and justice, market regulation and being rich together, put forward thinking about protecting the interests of losing land peasants from many aspects, such as seriously defining public interest, making clear collective ownership , properly settling compensation standards of every kind of land property rights, implementing many-faceted compensation way of expropriation and absorbing losing land peasants into system of social insurance, etc. The conclusion is drawing that really harmonious society and urbanization just come from resulting the problems of losing land peasants’ existence and development and letting them share the benefits of urbanization and economic development.