Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of land use on carbon emission in Heilongjiang Province, carbon emissions of 12 major cities during 1999 to 2008 were measured by land use and energy consumption data, and the carbon emissions model was built. The results showed that: (1) the carbon emission had an undulate increasing trend with the average speed of 305.52×10⁴ t/a from 1999 to 2008; (2) construction land was the main carbon source, which accounted for 84% of the total carbon resource, and forest land was the main carbon sink, which accounted for 99% of the total carbon sink; (3) spatial differences of land use carbon emission was significant in Heilongjiang Province, which showed a trend of decreasing from southeast to northwest, high value areas of carbon emission were mainly concentrated in the industrial corridor and the coal, oil and other industrial resource-based cities, the low value areas of carbon emission were mainly concentrated in forest resource-based cities like Yichun and Heihe. The results could provide reference for the low-carbon land use in Heilongjiang Province.