Abstract: In order to obtain new poplar varieties suitable for Jianghan Plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, different varieties of black poplar used as parents were selected to hybrid. The growth traits and genetic parameters, such as phenotypic coefficient of variation, genetic coefficient of variation and repeatability, were determined and analyzed at the seedling stage of F1 hybrid progenies. The results showed that Fl generation showed obvious hybrid vigor. The variation range of seedling height and ground diameter was 2.9-5.7 m and 13.5-52.0 mm, respectively. The repeatability of seedling height and ground diameter was 16.7%-56.3% and 30.7%-64.7%, respectively, while the repeatability of ground diameter was higher than that of the seedling height in the same hybridized combination. A total of 234 clones from 6 cross combinations were selected through comprehensive evaluation. Average genetic gain of seedling height and ground diameter of selected clones were 6.7% and 10.8%, respectively, which meant they could be applied to comparative evaluation in the comparative experiment of field afforestation in the future.