Abstract: Fertilizer application and nutrient balance from 1985 in Yanzhou were discussed in this paper, the results showed that chemical fertilizer consumption was increasing from 1985 to 1993, yet, it changed little after 1993 Wheat yield increased stablely from 1985 to 1997,and decreased after 1997. Maize yield increased stablely from 1985 to 1994, and changed greatly after 1995. The yield of grain crop increased stablely from 1985 to 1994, it changed greatly after 1995.Significant relationship existed between fertilizer consumption and grain yield . Investigation indicated that the average fertilizer consumption on wheat of N, P2O5 and K2O is 289.3 kg/hm2、212.1 kg/hm2、112.7 kg/hm2, respectively, which occupy 23%, 17% and 9% in the total yield of grain crop. The average fertilizer consumption on maize of N, P2O5 and K2O is 462.3 kg/hm2,143.0 kg/hm2 and 58.8 kg/hm2, respectively, which occupy 36%、11% and 5% in the total yield of grain crop .