Abstract: The paper aims to find out the regularity of abnormal low temperature in July which may effect on the rice yield in Quzhou and the correlation between abnormal temperature and the sea surface temperature(SST) by statistical method based on station-observed data, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and SST data during 1972-2015. The atmospheric circulation characteristics were analyzed by synoptic analysis method. The result shows that the abnormal low temperature only appeared in less rainfall years which always lead the rice yield loss and has a negative correlation with the SST in the Western Pacific Sea during April to July, which can be used to forecast the July abnormal low temperature about 1 to 3 months earlier. The atmospheric circulation character presents strong Asia polar vortex, weak South Asia High, southward Western Pacific subtropical High and weak East Asian summer monsoon, and the distribution of abnormal height field from Novaya Zemlya to the Yangtze River valley is like "- -" pattern.