Abstract: Wheat and rape are the two important staple crops in China, their spatial pattern change draws wide attention. Area data of wheat and rape from 1980 to 2014 were used, provincial level administrative region was taken as the study unit, combined with the rivalrousness of similar growth cycle crops, the spatial pattern and its change of wheat and rape were studied by the method of Pearson correlation analysis and GIS spatial geometric center of gravity analysis. The results showed that: the change of spatial pattern of wheat in the past 30 years was not significant, but the provincial distribution was unbalanced, the distribution center of wheat was always located in Henan Province; the distribution center of rape was southward from Hubei since 1980, and it is now located in Hunan. Affected by the interspecific competition of crops with similar growth cycle, the area variation of rape and wheat in Shanxi, Qinghai, Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan showed a significant“growthdecline” relationship, which was significantly negative correlated with each other.