Abstract: This paper analyzed and evaluated pH conditions and main fertility indexes of vegetable soil in Xiushan town of Tonghai County, Yunnan Province by determining 80 soil samples from seven villages, in order to guide local vegetable production. The results showed that: soil pH of the vegetable producing areas was averagely 7.52, most was weak alkaline to alkaline, the alkalization was serious. The content of soil organic matters was abundant, total nitrogen and alkali solution nitrogen were of high content standard, and available P and available K content reached higher standard. Suggestions are put forward including improving soil acidity- alkalinity, reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer, proper application of organic fertilizer, controlled application of phosphate fertilizer, and stable application of potassium fertilizer.