Abstract: Land use is a combination of natural and human factors, as an important part of the terrestrial ecosystems and the carrier of human activities , land can provide enormous ecological and socioeconomic services value. As an important tie between the humanities and social and natural ecosystems, land use change has became a key part in the research of global change and is the core issue of sustainable development. The research in optimization of land use structure has great significance for sustainable land resources using, which lays a foundation for ecologically sustainable development. In this paper, we simulated and projected the future spatial distribution of China’ land use change based on the ecologically sustainable pattern background with the methods of spatial overlay and exponential sum. The result shows there is an obvious regional difference not only in land use quantity distribution but also in spatial pattern. Crop land is in the east and middle region; forest land is distributed in south-west and north region; grass land is located in the west region and building land is concentrated in the east region. Our research will be benefit for local conditions when ecological factors are taken into consideration, and it’s also make ecological function zones more prominent and the allocation more reasonable.