Abstract: This study aims to investigate the interaction effect of nitrogen and sulfur on plant growth of garlic. An experiment was carried out with‘Xinjiang white garlic’as the material, to study the effect of different treatments of nitrogen and sulfur levels on agronomic characters, chlorophyll content and root vitality of garlic under the cultivation condition of inorganic substrate. The results showed that the interaction of nitrogen and sulfur could improve plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight and dry weight, bulb fresh weight, but the impact of individual element of nitrogen or sulfur was different. Chlorophyll content and root vitality showed a trend of first rise then decrease, and there was a significant impact of nitrogen and sulfur interaction on chlorophyll content or root vitality. In addition, individual element of nitrogen and sulfur had significant impact on root vitality. Based on the comprehensive comparison, the interaction effect of nitrogen and sulfur is significant in vegetation process of garlic, the bulb weight is the maximum at N 20 mmol/L and S 4 mmol/L.