Abstract: The paper aims to comprehensively analyze the drought characteristics of Fen River Basin in recent years and effectively response to drought risk. The authors obtained the drought distribution characteristics on the time and space scale of Fen River Basin by using monthly precipitation data of 35 meteorological stations in the basin from 1979 to 2014 with drought evaluation indicator as standardized precipitation index and statistical methods like Mann-Kendall and so on. The results showed that: in the past 36 years, the yearly drought intensity and drought range showed a decreasing trend, while the drought intensity of the four seasons and drought range of summer, autumn and winter all showed a decreasing trend; the drought was most and covered the largest area in winter, and the regional drought was most in summer; the probability of continuous drought was the highest in autumn, winter and spring; on a multi-year average, the drought mainly distributed in the northern region, and also distributed more in the south basin in summer, while local drought frequencies were the highest in spring and autumn. The SPI well reflected the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of drought in Fen River Basin in recent 36 years