Abstract: The correlation and path analysis of yield and agronomic traits of 116 different types of maize combinations were made by the randomized block experiment in order to explore the relative importance of main agronomic characters in maize yield composition and the differences among different species in cangzhou ecological types area. The results showed that the yield of the varieties of traditional breeding materials before 2000 was very significantly correlated with ear length and 1000-seed weight. The greatest effect of samples production of maize was caused by 1000-seed weight. The yield of the varieties of new breeding materials since 2000 was very significantly correlated with ear length and row grains. The greatest effect of samples production of maize was caused by row grains, which was different from the varieties of traditional breeding materials. The main reason was that the new breeding materials were introduced due to the replacement of breeding targets, which still need further validation.