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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0472

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Quality of Rice with Mechanical Sowing in Line Under Water

CHEN Shujian1(), CHEN Jingdu2, YANG Chengqin1, XU Meigang1(), GAO Jianbo1   

  1. 1 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Baoying County, Baoying, Jiangsu 225800
    2 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yangzhou City, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000
  • Received:2022-06-14 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-03-23

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Abstract:

The aim is to screen suitable rice variety for sowing in line under water. ‘Nanjing 5718' and ‘Huaidao 5' were selected as materials. Under the soil condition of returning wheat straw to field, the method of mechanical sowing in line under water was adopted, and the split plot design was used, with the nitrogen application rate as the main area and the variety as the split plot. Three nitrogen application rate treatments were set up, which were 240 kg/hm2 (N1), 270 kg/hm2 (N2) and 300 kg/hm2 (N3) respectively, to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on rice yield and quality of mechanical sowing in line under water. The results showed that the appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer increased the yield of rice. When the nitrogen application rate of ‘Nanjing 5718' was 270 kg/hm2, the yield components were the most coordinated and the yield reached the highest; while the yield was the highest when the nitrogen application rate of ‘Huaidao 5' was 300 kg/hm2. With the increase of nitrogen application, the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and protein content of rice gradually increased, while the amylose content decreased. The peak viscosity, hot slurry viscosity, breakdown value and final viscosity all showed a downward trend, and the setback value gradually increased. Proper application of nitrogen fertilizer could improve the processing quality and nutritional quality of rice, but it reduced the quality of appearance and tasting at the same time. Under the same nitrogen application rate, ‘Nanjing 5718' was better than ‘Huaidao 5' in the aspects of yield, processing quality, appearance quality and tasting quality, but its nutritional quality was lower than that of ‘Huaidao 5'. The comprehensive analysis showed that rice yield and quality of mechanical sowing in line under water could be coordinated when the nitrogen application rate was 270 kg/hm2.

Key words: rice, nitrogen application rate, sowing in line under water, yield, quality